2011年第42卷第7期共收錄44篇
1. Accession number:20113314234798
Title:Efficient automatic coating equipment of clean egg preservation
Authors:Deng, Xiaolei1, 2 ; Zhou, Zhaozhong1
Author affiliation: 1 Department of Mechanical Control Engineering, Quzhou College, Quzhou 324000, China
2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
Corresponding author:Deng, X. ([email protected])
Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:42
Issue:7
Issue date:July 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:160-164
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10001298
CODEN:NUYCA3
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China
Abstract:The efficient automatic coating preservation equipment called clean egg coating machine was independently developed, with which clean eggs can be coated and dried. Meanwhile, the control system for batch production was also developed. Experiments of egg in-chain line speed under 6 kinds of different motor frequencies at 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 Hz respectively were done to test the actual production capacity of the equipment. As a result, the best speed value were found at 12.01 mm/s with the corresponding capacity value at 4804 pieces/h under the following conditions: temperature is 25°C, RH is 60%, spray pressure is 0.6 MPa, spray quantity is 43.6 mL/min, and drying capability of fluid is 1.71 kJ/s. The dryer length is 50cm and the drying time of clean eggs is 4.16 s.
Number of references:10
Main heading:Coatings
Controlled terms:Equipment
Uncontrolled terms:Batch production - Capacity value - Clean egg - Coating equipment - Coating machines - Coating technology - Drying time - Production capacity - Spray pressure
Classification code:539 Metals Corrosion and Protection; Metal Plating - 901 Engineering Profession
Database:Compendex
2. Accession number:20113314234781
Title:Numerical simulation for low specific-speed centrifugal pump with structured grid
Authors:Zhou, Shuiqing1 ; Kong, Fanyu1 ; Wang, Zhiqiang2 ; Yi, Chunlong3 ; Zhang, Yong1
Author affiliation: 1 Technical and Research Center of Fluid Machinery Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
2 Kaiquan Shanghai Pump Co. Ltd., Shanghai 200436, China
3 School of Civil Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
Corresponding author:Kong, F. ([email protected])
Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:42
Issue:7
Issue date:July 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:66-69
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10001298
CODEN:NUYCA3
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China
Abstract:Aimed at some complex CFD models which may generate very poor grid by using unstructured grid, and is bound to increase the difficulty of calculating, numerical simulation of a low specific-speed centrifugal pump was carried out between the unstructured grid and structured grid at the different operating points in CFX software. The results of simulation show that the pressure distributions of structured grid model is closer to the design value and separated vortex is more obvious near short blade surface region. Compared the simulation results with the experimental values, it is found that the result of structured grid can meet the design requirement. That confirms the numerical simulation computation is feasible with accuracy.
Number of references:8
Main heading:Computer simulation
Controlled terms:Centrifugal pumps - Computer software - Hydraulic machinery - Pumping plants - Pumps
Uncontrolled terms:Blade Surface - CFD models - Design requirements - Design value - Experimental values - Numerical simulation computation - Operating points - Simulation result - Structured grid - Unstructured grid
Classification code:446 Waterworks - 618.2 Pumps - 632.2 Hydraulic Equipment and Machinery - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 723.5 Computer Applications
Database:Compendex
3. Accession number:20113314234782
Title:Hydraulic performance experiment of the variable-rate sprinkler with non-circle nozzle
Authors:Wei, Yangyang1 ; Yuan, Shouqi1 ; Li, Hong1 ; Xiang, Qingjiang1 ; Chen, Chao1
Author affiliation: 1 Research Center of Fluid Machinery Engineering and Technology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
Corresponding author:Yuan, S. ([email protected])
Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:42
Issue:7
Issue date:July 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:70-74
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10001298
CODEN:NUYCA3
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China
Abstract:On the basis of analyzing the relationship between pressure before the nozzle and nozzle area, radius of throw, a new type of variable-rate sprinkler was developed by using activity pieces and non-circle nozzle device on an impact sprinkler. The structure and working principles were presented. Experiment of hydraulic performances was conducted and analyzed. The water distribution isoline of single nozzle was plotted by using Matlab. Results showed that the variable-rate sprinkler with non-circle nozzle was able to operate reliably, and the triangle wetted area and square wetted area was obtained. Compared with the traditional variable-rate sprinkler, the variable-rate sprinkler with non-circle nozzle has better hydraulic performance and the spray uniformity is improved.
Number of references:14
Main heading:Spray nozzles
Controlled terms:Experiments - Hydraulics - Water supply systems - Wetting
Uncontrolled terms:Hydraulic performance - Non-circle nozzle - Single nozzle - Spray uniformity - Variable rate - Water distributions - Wetted area - Working principles
Classification code:446.1 Water Supply Systems - 631.1 Fluid Flow, General - 632.1 Hydraulics - 901.3 Engineering Research - 931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids
Database:Compendex
4. Accession number:20113314234787
Title:Dynamics simulation of direct shear test
Authors:Yang, Wang1 ; Cai, Ganwei2 ; Yang, Jian2
Author affiliation: 1 College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
2 College of Mechanical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
Corresponding author:Yang, J. ([email protected])
Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:42
Issue:7
Issue date:July 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:96-101
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10001298
CODEN:NUYCA3
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China
Abstract:The direct shear system dynamics simulation model was developed on the basis of the modified Mohr-Coulomb yield criterion by using ANSYS/LS-DYNA and a combination of Lagrange and smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH). The dynamics simulation experiments of direct shear on four kinds of soil have been carried out. The mathematic models of soil shear strength and shearing speed were established by regression analysis. The research on soil shear failure process and the influence law and mechanism of shearing speed on shear strength was done. The results showed that with shearing speed increasing, shear strength increased. Third-order relationship exits between shear strength and shearing speed with small shear modulus. Logarithm relationship exits between shear strength and shearing speed with large shear modulus. The effect of shear modulus on shear strength is large. The large shear strength is with large shear modulus.
Number of references:14
Main heading:Shear strength
Controlled terms:Algebra - Computer simulation - Dynamics - Elastic moduli - Geologic models - Pressure effects - Regression analysis - Shear flow - Shear strain - Shearing - Shearing machines - Soil structure interactions - Soils - Speed
Uncontrolled terms:Direct shear - Direct shear test - Dynamics simulation - Lagrange - Large shear - Mathematic model - Mohr Coulomb yield criterion - Smoothed particle hydrodynamics - Soil shear - Soil shear strength - Speed increasing - Third-order
Classification code:931.1 Mechanics - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics - 921.1 Algebra - 723.5 Computer Applications - 604.1 Metal Cutting - 951 Materials Science - 535.1 Metal Rolling - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 481.1 Geology - 422 Strength of Building Materials; Test Equipment and Methods - 421 Strength of Building Materials; Mechanical Properties - 483.2 Foundations
Database:Compendex
5. Accession number:20113314234793
Title:Tar thermal cracking in biomass gasifier under active air distribution
Authors:Guo, Feiqiang1 ; Dong, Yuping1 ; Dong, Lei2 ; Jing, Yuanzhuo2 ; Du, Hongguang1 ; Wang, Hui1
Author affiliation: 1 Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Ji'nan 250061, China
2 Shandong Baichuan Tongchuang Energy Co. Ltd., Ji'nan 250101, China
Corresponding author:Dong, Y. ([email protected])
Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:42
Issue:7
Issue date:July 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:135-138
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10001298
CODEN:NUYCA3
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China
Abstract:Active air distribution way was taken to the experimentally study on the tar cracking property in downdraft fixed-bed biomass gasifier. The results showed that the reaction was uniform in the same section and the gasifier had a thicker layer at high temperature under the active air distribution, which provided good conditions for tar cracking. The optimum air distribution way was achieved by the experiments, and the tar content in gas was about 600 mg/m3 in the range using corn stalk as the material with high heat value about 5400 kJ/m3. The effect of ash layer thickness and the other factors on tar cracking and gas quality was also studied.
Number of references:10
Main heading:Biomass
Controlled terms:Coal tar - Cracking (chemical)
Uncontrolled terms:Air distribution - Ash layer thickness - Biomass gasifier - Corn stalk - Fixed-bed - Gas quality - Gasifiers - Heat value - High temperature - Tar cracking - Tar thermal crackings
Classification code:411.2 Coal Tar - 525.1 Energy Resources and Renewable Energy Issues - 802.2 Chemical Reactions
Database:Compendex
6. Accession number:20113314234811
Title:Numerical simulation and experiment on laser milling of Al2O3 ceramic
Authors:Huang, Shu1 ; Zhou, Jianzhong1 ; Sheng, Jie1 ; Zhu, Yinbo1
Author affiliation: 1 School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
Corresponding author:Huang, S. ([email protected])
Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:42
Issue:7
Issue date:July 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:229-234
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10001298
CODEN:NUYCA3
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China
Abstract:A model of laser milling on Al2O3 eramic was established based on ANSYS finite element software. Laser milling process was analyzed by APDL code, and the dynamic distribution of the temperature field during the milling process was studied. The influence of the laser power and scanning velocity on the milling width and depth were investigated. According to the numerical simulation, the relevant parameters were used in the laser milling experiment. It indicated that the numerical simulation results were consistent with the experiment, the effect of laser milling on Al2O3 ceramic could be accurately predicted by the established model. The width and depth of laser milling were increased by laser power and decreased by the scanning velocity. Compared with the scanning velocity, laser power had more important influence on laser milling.
Number of references:7
Main heading:Computer simulation
Controlled terms:Aluminum - Ceramic materials - Computer software - Experiments - Finite element method - Mathematical models - Milling (machining) - Scanning
Uncontrolled terms:Dynamic distribution - Finite element software - Laser power - Milling process - Scanning velocity - Temperature field
Classification code:921.6 Numerical Methods - 921 Mathematics - 901.3 Engineering Research - 812.1 Ceramics - 741.3 Optical Devices and Systems - 723.5 Computer Applications - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 604.2 Machining Operations - 541.1 Aluminum
Database:Compendex
7. Accession number:20113314234774
Title:Computation of incompressible two-phase flows by using CLSVOF method
Authors:Song, Yunchao1 ; Wang, Chunhai1 ; Ning, Zhi1
Author affiliation: 1 College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
Corresponding author:Song, Y. ([email protected])
Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:42
Issue:7
Issue date:July 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:26-31 60
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10001298
CODEN:NUYCA3
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China
Abstract:The CLSVOF method which combined the VOF method and Level Set method was put forward to compute the flow of incompressible two-phase. The precision of the CLSVOF method for computing the convection transport and momentum transport equation was studied and the comparison was made between the VOF method and Level Set method by using some classical two-phase flows. The results show when computing the convection transport equation, the CLSVOF method has much better precision than the Level Set method; and when computing the momentum transport equation, the CLSVOF method can avoid the problem of spurious velocity current which can not be avoided by using the VOF method.
Number of references:17
Main heading:Numerical methods
Controlled terms:Drop breakup - Level measurement - Momentum transfer - Two phase flow
Uncontrolled terms:CLSVOF method - Level Set method - Momentum transport equations - Spurious velocity - Transport equation - VOF method
Classification code:631.1 Fluid Flow, General - 921.6 Numerical Methods - 931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids - 932 High Energy Physics; Nuclear Physics; Plasma Physics - 943.2 Mechanical Variables Measurements
Database:Compendex
8. Accession number:20113314234806
Title:Prescription map identification and position lag calibration method for variable rate application of fertilizer
Authors:Meng, Zhijun1 ; Zhao, Chunjiang1 ; Fu, Weiqiang1 ; Ji, Yongxiang2 ; Wu, Guangwei1
Author affiliation: 1 National Research Center of Intelligent Equipment for Agriculture, Beijing 100097, China
2 Agriculture Machinery Technology Testing Appraisal and Extension Station of Shangqiu, Shangqiu 476000, China
Corresponding author:Zhao, C. ([email protected])
Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:42
Issue:7
Issue date:July 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:204-209
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10001298
CODEN:NUYCA3
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China
Abstract:The key technology for map-based variable rate application of fertilizer lies in fertilizer should be applied precisely at each location within the field according to prescription map. Software for variable rate application control was developed based on object-oriented programming approach. A kind of algorithm for real-time application map identifying relying on machine location was designed and successfully implemented. Field test showed that prescription map cell was identified less than 100 ms, which could meet the requirements of actual field application. A model to determine positional lag was developed for map-based variable rate application system by analysis of factors causing position lag. In addition, field tests were conducted and result showed that delay time was about 1.84 s.
Number of references:13
Main heading:Fertilizers
Controlled terms:Calibration - Object oriented programming
Uncontrolled terms:Calibration method - Delay Time - Field application - Field test - Key technologies - On-machines - Position lag - Prescription map - Real-time application - Variable rate application - Variable rate applications of fertilizer
Classification code:723.1 Computer Programming - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 941 Acoustical and Optical Measuring Instruments - 942 Electric and Electronic Measuring Instruments - 943 Mechanical and Miscellaneous Measuring Instruments - 944 Moisture, Pressure and Temperature, and Radiation Measuring Instruments
Database:Compendex
9. Accession number:20113314234810
Title:Optimal design of tolerance for spiral bevel gears by controlling contact path
Authors:Fang, Zongde1 ; Guo, Linlin1 ; Su, Jinzhan1 ; Wang, Feng1
Author affiliation: 1 School of Mechatronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
Corresponding author:Fang, Z. ([email protected])
Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:42
Issue:7
Issue date:July 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:223-228 234
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10001298
CODEN:NUYCA3
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China
Abstract:The relationship between system alignment errors and four equivalent misalignments was built through 3-D tolerances modeling theory and transfer matrix accumulating method based on feature variances. Tooth contact analysis algorithm with consideration of alignment errors was provided, and the contact pattern digital features were completely defined. In the situation of transmission performance requirements and cost constraints, the accuracy of parts was optimized based on genetic algorithms by using meshing relative to alignment errors sensitivity as the optimal objective function. Taking a pair of spiral bevel gears as an example, the feasibility of tolerance optimization method was verified by comparing the meshing and transmission errors before and after optimization.
Number of references:13
Main heading:Bevel gears
Controlled terms:Algorithms - Alignment - Errors - Optimal systems - Optimization - Three dimensional - Transfer matrix method
Uncontrolled terms:Accumulating method - Alignment error - Contact paths - Contact pattern - Cost constraints - Objective functions - Optimal design - Spiral bevel gears - Tolerance optimization - Tooth contact analysis - Transfer matrixes - Transmission error - Transmission performance
Classification code:601.1 Mechanical Devices - 601.2 Machine Components - 902.1 Engineering Graphics - 921 Mathematics - 921.5 Optimization Techniques
Database:Compendex
10. Accession number:20113314234792
Title:Design and experiment of cold state pyrolysis equipment of a down flow tube reactor
Authors:Yang, Yanqiang1 ; Yi, Weiming2 ; Li, Zhihe2 ; Bai, Xueyuan2 ; Li, Yongjun2 ; Cui, Xibin2
Author affiliation: 1 School of Engineering, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110161, China
2 School of Agricultural and Food Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, China
Corresponding author:Yi, W. ([email protected])
Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:42
Issue:7
Issue date:July 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:130-134
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10001298
CODEN:NUYCA3
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China
Abstract:The cold state PIV analog equipment was designed to explore the movement law of the biomass chars and ceramic balls mix flows in the down flow reactor. By simulating the cold state, the stability and continuity of the equipment of ceramic ball and biomass char, the equipment implements even, precise and continuous down the mix of two particles were tested; it satisfied the requirements of the two particles different mass proportions in the experiment; by testing, the equipment can satisfy the experiment; many bright and white stripes formed by the light's reflection and refraction in two sides of the round tube axes in PIV were avoided by using the biomass char, and the veracity of data were greatly enhanced.
Number of references:10
Main heading:Equipment
Controlled terms:Biomass - Ceramic materials - Experiments - Light reflection - Pyrolysis
Uncontrolled terms:Biomass char - Ceramic balls - Cold state - Different mass - Downflow reactors - Experimental equipment - Flow tube reactor - Round tubes - Two particles
Classification code:525.1 Energy Resources and Renewable Energy Issues - 741.1 Light/Optics - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 812.1 Ceramics - 901 Engineering Profession - 901.3 Engineering Research
Database:Compendex
11. Accession number:20113314234794
Title:Numerical study on process and influencing factors of biomass hydraulic briquetting
Authors:Dong, Lei1 ; Gai, Chao2 ; Dong, Yuping2
Author affiliation: 1 Shandong Baichuan Tongchuang Energy Co. Ltd., Ji'nan 250101, China
2 Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Ji'nan 250061, China
Corresponding author:Dong, Y. ([email protected])
Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:42
Issue:7
Issue date:July 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:139-143
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10001298
CODEN:NUYCA3
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China
Abstract:The primary factor of influencing the process of biomass hydraulic briquetting was analyzed and studied. The experimental result indicated that the best range of containing water ratio was 0.15-0.18. Based on the results, the simulation of the process of biomass hydraulic briquetting was carried out with the finite software ANSYS at first. Then the displacement and strain in the biomass extrusion process was analyzed, and the rule along with the disciplinarian of friction-changing in the process was obtained. All these provided credible conditions for the study of biomass briquetting mechanism.
Number of references:14
Main heading:Biomass
Controlled terms:Briquetting - Computer software - Hydraulics - Numerical analysis
Uncontrolled terms:Briquetting mechanism - Containing water ratio - Extrusion process - Formation - Influencing factor - Numerical studies - Primary factors - Software ANSYS - Water ratio
Classification code:524 Solid Fuels - 525.1 Energy Resources and Renewable Energy Issues - 632.1 Hydraulics - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 921.6 Numerical Methods
Database:Compendex
12. Accession number:20113314234773
Title:Spray atomization characteristics of group-hole nozzle
Authors:Cheng, Chuansong1 ; Li, Yunqing2 ; Wang, Yanhua2 ; Zhao, Lifeng2
Author affiliation: 1 Beijing Aeronautical Technology Research Center, Beijing 100076, China
2 School of Transportation Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
Corresponding author:Cheng, C. ([email protected])
Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:42
Issue:7
Issue date:July 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:21-25
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10001298
CODEN:NUYCA3
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China
Abstract:The atomization characteristics of group-hole nozzle were numerically investigated with the revised spray model. The results show that due to the compromise effect of micro-orifice from the reduction of nozzle diameter and jet interaction from the overlapping part of spray, the spray of parallel group-hole nozzle is similar to that of the single nozzle, both of which have good axial symmetry. However, the spray penetration of the parallel group-hole nozzle is slightly lower than that of single nozzle with the equivalent hole area, and is significantly larger than that of single nozzle with the same hole diameter. With the increase of the hole spacing and inclined angle, the jet interaction decreases, which results in the reduction of the spray penetration and SMR of the group-hole nozzle. Meanwhile, the spray axial symmetry of group-hole nozzle is finally lost. Compared to the converging group-hole nozzle, it is faster for the diverging group-hole nozzle to lose the spray axial symmetry and decrease the spray penetration.
Number of references:13
Main heading:Spray nozzles
Controlled terms:Atomization - Jets
Uncontrolled terms:Atomization characteristics - Axial symmetry - Collision model - Geometry structure - Group-hole nozzle - Hole diameter - Inclined Angle - Jet interactions - Micro-orifice - Nozzle diameter - Single nozzle - Spray atomization - Spray model - Spray penetration
Classification code:631.1 Fluid Flow, General - 802.3 Chemical Operations
Database:Compendex
13. Accession number:20113314234786
Title:Design of automatic supplying seed system for plot seeder of rape
Authors:Liu, Shuguang1, 2 ; Shang, Shuqi3 ; Yang, Ranbing3 ; Zheng, Yuenan3 ; Wang, Yanyao3 ; Li, Qinhua3
Author affiliation: 1 College of Engineering, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
2 College of Science and Technology, China Agricultural University (Yantai), Yantai 264670, China
3 College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
Corresponding author:Shang, S. ([email protected])
Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:42
Issue:7
Issue date:July 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:91-95
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10001298
CODEN:NUYCA3
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China
Abstract:Automatic supplying rape seed system for plot seeder was designed. It took electromagnetic force as power source and went with plot seeder. Key parts of structure and motion were analyzed. Automatic supplying seed system was able to accomplish supplying seed for 34 plots. By the supplying seed experiment without interruption at the different supply amount in the given time, the result showed that adjusting value and uniformity CV decreased with increasing of time. The uniformity CV was at the minimum range when the time was 8s and the minimum uniformity CV for rape seed was 7.59% at supply amount of 7 g. Loss rate for rape seed was 0.97% and error of supply seed was less than 3 mm. Compared with manual operation, the uniformity CV between the two metering devices was blow 1.5% for rape seed.
Number of references:12
Main heading:Seed
Uncontrolled terms:Breeding machine - Electromagnetic forces - Key parts - Loss rates - Manual operations - Metering devices - Plot seeder - Power sources - Rape seed - Seed systems
Classification code:821.4 Agricultural Products
Database:Compendex
14. Accession number:20113314235426
Title:Micro-reaction kinetics calculation for reducing diesel NOx and PM by adsorber-reduction catalyst
Authors:Chen, Zhaohui1, 2 ; Li, Zhijun1 ; Jiao, Penghao1 ; Gao, Libo1 ; Zhang, Wenfei1 ; Liu, Lei1
Author affiliation: 1 State Key Laboratory of Engines, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
2 School of Applied Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
Corresponding author:Li, Z. ([email protected])
Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:42
Issue:7
Issue date:July 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:10-15
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10001298
CODEN:NUYCA3
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China
Abstract:BaO(s1) was used as the first adsorption sites, and Pt(s2) was used as the second adsorption site, the micro-reaction kinetics simulation of NOx and PM in diesel engine by adsorber-reduction catalyst was calculated with the software of Chekmin. The results showed that in lean burn condition, gas phase NO(g), NO2(g) were stored in forms of NO2(s1), NO2NO3(s1), and NO3(s1) on the surface of BaO, but in rich burn condition, N atoms in NOx desorption from surface of BaO combined with each other to form N2 molecular. Surface reaction was occurred between C(S) and reactive oxygen species O*. The absolute time, the ratio values of lean burn condition, exhaust temperature and oxygen concentration in diesel engine exhaust pipe have a great impact on removal of NOx and PM emission.
Number of references:19
Main heading:Reduction
Controlled terms:Adsorption - Association reactions - Catalysts - Computer software - Desorption - Diesel engines - Exhaust systems (engine) - Nitrogen oxides - Oxygen - Platinum - Reaction kinetics - Surface reactions
Uncontrolled terms:Adsorber-reduction catalyst - Adsorption site - Diesel engine exhaust - Exhaust temperature - Gasphase - Kinetics calculations - Kinetics simulations - Lean adsorption - Lean-burn conditions - Oxygen concentrations - PM emissions - Reactive oxygen species - Rich reduction
Classification code:804.2 Inorganic Compounds - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 612 Engines - 547.1 Precious Metals
Database:Compendex
15. Accession number:20113314234802
Title:Non-destructive detection of maturity degree of citrus fruit based on multi-fractal
Authors:Cao, Leping1
Author affiliation: 1 Office of Academic Affairs, Hunan Biological and Electromechanical Polytechnic, Changsha 410127, China
Corresponding author:Cao, L. ([email protected])
Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:42
Issue:7
Issue date:July 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:182-185
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10001298
CODEN:NUYCA3
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China
Abstract:Aimed at determining the maturity degree of citrus fruit non-destructively, three tone images were generated by dividing hue range 30°-120° of fruit image equally to three parts. Scale invariance and spectra of multi-fractal were analyzed. Height and width of multi-fractal spectra were extracted as features of color and luster of pericarp of fruits, and were set as input of BP neural network. With total soluble solid contents as the output of network, the neural network maturity degree model mapped fruit image into degree of maturity. The correctness of inspection test was 82%, which showed that maturity degree of citrus fruit could be detected non-destructively based on multi-fractal spectra.
Number of references:11
Main heading:Citrus fruits
Controlled terms:Fractals - Neural networks
Uncontrolled terms:BP neural networks - Hue - Inspection tests - Maturity degree - Multi fractals - Multi-fractal - Nondestructive detection - Scale invariance - Total soluble solids
Classification code:723.4 Artificial Intelligence - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 921 Mathematics
Database:Compendex
16. Accession number:20113314234808
Title:ANN-based fault tolerance of CNC interpolation
Authors:Wang, Yiqiang1 ; Yuan, Xiuhua1 ; Ma, Mingyang1 ; Hu, Yanjuan2
Author affiliation: 1 College of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China
2 College of Mechanical Engineering, Beihua University, Jilin 132100, China
Corresponding author:Wang, Y. ([email protected])
Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:42
Issue:7
Issue date:July 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:215-219
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10001298
CODEN:NUYCA3
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China
Abstract:Artificial neural network (ANN) and fuzzy math were introduced to the design filed of CNC software for realizing the fault tolerance of CNC interpolation and improving the reliability of software. In addition, function aspects (velocity, acceleration, chord error, prediction accuracy, fault tolerance, real time) from the experiment on non-uniform rational B-spline (NURBS) interpolator based on ANN were evaluated in detail. The experimental results show that the NURBS interpolation based on ANN can not only meet the requirements of the function aspects, but also realize the fault tolerance of CNC interpolation, which may provide a new strategy in the improvement of the reliability of CNC software.
Number of references:14
Main heading:Fault tolerance
Controlled terms:Interpolation - Neural networks - Rational functions - Software reliability - Splines
Uncontrolled terms:Artificial Neural Network - CNC interpolation - Fuzzy judgment - Fuzzy math - New strategy - Non-uniform rational B-splines - NURBS interpolation - Prediction accuracy - Real time
Classification code:601.2 Machine Components - 722.4 Digital Computers and Systems - 723.4 Artificial Intelligence - 913.3 Quality Assurance and Control - 921 Mathematics - 921.6 Numerical Methods
Database:Compendex
17. Accession number:20113314234796
Title:Composting sewage sludge of wastewater treatment plant
Authors:Zhang, Zengqiang1
Author affiliation: 1 College of Sciences, Northwest A and F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
Corresponding author:Zhang, Z. ([email protected])
Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:42
Issue:7
Issue date:July 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:148-154
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10001298
CODEN:NUYCA3
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China
Abstract:The sewage sludge of Shenzhen Binhe Wastewater Treatment Plant was used as the research object, the dry sludge and returned sludge as the water amendment, the leaves powder and woodchip as C/N and water conditioner, the four aerated static pile (ASP) systems (1.5 m×1 m×1.5 m) as the composting equipment, the sewage sludge composting process conditions were studied. The results showed that using the dry or returned sludge as water amendment to mix with the fresh sludge to the volume ratio of 1:1, the water content of the mixture could meet the composting conditions. Using leaves powder or woodchip as the C/N and water conditioner to mix with fresh sludge is more useful than using the dry or returned sludge, but it could increase the cost of the compost. For the different treatments the time the temperature of the compost over the 55°C is more than 12 d, and the compost satisfied the standard of harmless and stabilization. The two pilot-scale ASP systems (10 m×2 m×1.5 m) were used to confirm the conditions come from the small ASP systems experiment. The results indicated that one volume of fresh sludge mixed with one volume of dry or returned sludge the water content of the mix is appropriate for composting, but the volume ratio of 1:1 fresh sludge mixed with dry sludge is more effective than that of returned sludge and the compost could meet the standard of harmless and stabilization.
Number of references:18
Main heading:Sewage treatment
Controlled terms:Composting - Sewage pumping plants - Sewage sludge - Stabilization - Wastewater - Wastewater treatment - Water content - Water treatment plants
Uncontrolled terms:Aerated static pile - Amendment - Compost - Composting conditions - Dry sludge - Pilot scale - Research object - Sludge composting - Volume ratio - Wastewater treatment plants - Wood chip
Classification code:444 Water Resources - 446.1 Water Supply Systems - 452 Municipal and Industrial Wastes; Waste Treatment and Disposal - 951 Materials Science
Database:Compendex
18. Accession number:20113314234801
Title:Effect of 1-methylcyclopropene combined with controlled freezing-point storage on texture of grape fruit
Authors:Li, Zhiwen1 ; Zhang, Ping1 ; Zhang, Kunming2 ; Ren, Zhaohui1
Author affiliation: 1 National Engineering and Technology Research Center for Preservation of Agriculture Products, Tianjin 300384, China
2 College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
Corresponding author:Zhang, P. ([email protected])
Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:42
Issue:7
Issue date:July 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:176-181
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10001298
CODEN:NUYCA3
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China
Abstract:In order to investigate the effect of 1-methylcyclopropene combined with controlled freezing-point storage on grape texture, the change of 'ZANA' grape flesh texture parameters was studied by using texture profile analysis with a texture analyzer. The result showed that softening of grape fruit was delayed by 1.0 μL/L 1-methylcyclopropene combined with controlled freezing-point storage. The hardness, springiness, cohesiveness, chewiness and marketable fruit rate of grape fruit treated by 1-methylcyclopropene are higher than cold storage and controlled freezing-point storage. The hardness of grape has a good positive correlation with resilience. The springiness of grape has good positive correlations with resilience, chewiness and springiness. The marketable fruit rate of grape has a good linear relationship with fruit hardness. In conclusion, TPA test can reflect the change of grape fruit texture during storage and fit for evaluation of the quality of stored grape.
Number of references:23
Main heading:Fruits
Controlled terms:Cold storage - Freezing - Hardness - Quality control - Textures
Uncontrolled terms:1-MCP - 1-methylcyclopropene - Freezing point - Grape - Grape fruit - Linear relationships - Positive correlations - Texture analyzers - Texture profile analysis - TPA
Classification code:951 Materials Science - 933 Solid State Physics - 913.3 Quality Assurance and Control - 822.2 Food Processing Operations - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 694.4 Storage - 421 Strength of Building Materials; Mechanical Properties
Database:Compendex
19. Accession number:20113314234785
Title:Anti-clogging performance of dental labyrinth emitters under rated pressure and low operating pressure
Authors:Ma, Xiaopeng1 ; Gong, Shihong1 ; Wang, Jiandong1 ; Yu, Yingduo1
Author affiliation: 1 Department of Irrigation and Drainage, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100048, China
Corresponding author:Gong, S. ([email protected])
Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:42
Issue:7
Issue date:July 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:86-90 134
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10001298
CODEN:NUYCA3
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China
Abstract:Based on short term clogging test procedure in ISO clogging test methods for drip emitters, twelve kinds of dental labyrinth emitters were tested for anti-clogging ability under different operating pressures. The results showed that as the minimum size of labyrinth passage section increased, the anti-clogging ability of emitters was improved. When the minimum size of labyrinth passage section was greater than 0.6 mm, the anti-clogging ability of emitters would be better. However, the design of labyrinth passage section showed more significant effect on the anti-clogging ability of emitters under 0.04 MPa operating pressure. Aperture of the filter can select 1/5 of the effective aperture of minimum size of labyrinth passage section under 0.10 MPa, and 1/7 of the minimum size of labyrinth passage section under 0.04 MPa. In addition, the results also showed that intermittent irrigation could contribute to the improvement of anti-clogging performance of emitters under low operating pressure.
Number of references:15
Main heading:Pressure effects
Controlled terms:Testing
Uncontrolled terms:Anti-clogging performance - Drip emitter - Effective aperture - Emitter - Operating pressure - Short term - Test method - Test procedures
Classification code:423.2 Non Mechanical Properties of Building Materials: Test Methods - 931.1 Mechanics
Database:Compendex
20. Accession number:20113314234778
Title:Effect of volute tongue-impeller gaps on the unsteady flow in double-suction centrifugal pump
Authors:Qu, Lixia1 ; Wang, Fujun1 ; Cong, Guohui1 ; Gao, Jiangyong1
Author affiliation: 1 College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
Corresponding author:Wang, F. ([email protected])
Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:42
Issue:7
Issue date:July 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:50-55 74
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10001298
CODEN:NUYCA3
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China
Abstract:In order to study the influence of tongue-impeller gap on the unsteady flow in a double-suction centrifugal pump, a research was presented on the internal unsteady flow, especially on the pressure pulsations. The large eddy simulation method with sliding mesh technology was used to investigate this kind of unsteady flow characteristics in a double-suction centrifugal pump at design condition. Five different impellers with different outlet diameters, corresponding to different tongue-impeller gaps were considered. The results indicated that the head rise showed an increasing tendency with lager tongue-impeller gap, while the efficiency had an overall downtrend. The results also showed that the blade passing frequency dominated the pressure fluctuations in the volute, while rotating frequency dominated in the impeller. Meanwhile, the tongue-impeller gap increasing resulted in a significant reduction of the maximum pressure fluctuation amplitude both in the volute and impeller. When the gap increased by 4%, the maximum amplitude at one time of blade passing frequency near the volute tongue was reduced by about 9%, while the maximum amplitude at two times of rotating frequency in the center of blade pressure side increased by about 38%.
Number of references:8
Main heading:Pumps
Controlled terms:Aerodynamics - Centrifugal pumps - Hydraulic machinery - Impellers - Large eddy simulation - Pressure effects - Pumping plants - Rotation - Unsteady flow
Uncontrolled terms:Blade passing frequency - Blade pressure - Design condition - Double-suction centrifugal pump - Flow characteristic - Head rise - Internal unsteady flow - Large eddy - Large Eddy simulation methods - Maximum amplitude - Maximum pressure - Pressure fluctuation - Pressure pulsation - Rotating frequencies - Sliding mesh - Volute tongue
Classification code:931.1 Mechanics - 921 Mathematics - 651.1 Aerodynamics, General - 632.2 Hydraulic Equipment and Machinery - 631.1 Fluid Flow, General - 631 Fluid Flow - 618.2 Pumps - 601.2 Machine Components - 446 Waterworks
Database:Compendex
21. Accession number:20113314234788
Title:Spatial variability of infiltration parameters at the region scales
Authors:Nie, Weibo1 ; Fei, Liangjun1 ; Ma, Xiaoyi2
Author affiliation: 1 Institute of Water Resources, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, China
2 Key Laboratory for Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid Area, Ministry of Education, Northwest A and F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
Corresponding author:Nie, W. ([email protected])
Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:42
Issue:7
Issue date:July 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:102-108
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10001298
CODEN:NUYCA3
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China
Abstract:Based on the infiltration experiments in Yangling district, the objective was to analyze the scaling process of Philip model. The spatial variation discipline of scaling factors was found out and the pedo-transfer function was established for estimating scaling factors. The study showed that the scaling of infiltration process based on αA was the best among different scaling factors in Yangling district. Therefore, the infiltration curves in the regional scale can be scaled with αA. Meanwhile, the reasonable sampling number was calculated under the different confidence levers and required precision. The spatial variation discipline of αA by ArcGIS software was analyzed, and the pedo-transfer function was established to estimate αA. Accuracy of the estimate αA was analyzed in terms of pedo-transfer function, the results suggested that it has feasible and reliable for estimating αA, which could be used to achieve the conversion of soil infiltration between point and region.
Number of references:18
Main heading:Transfer functions
Controlled terms:Estimation - Seepage - Soil mechanics - Soils
Uncontrolled terms:Reasonable sampling number - Region scales - Scaling - Soil infiltration - Spatial variations
Classification code:407 Maritime and Port Structures; Rivers and Other Waterways - 441 Dams and Reservoirs; Hydro Development - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 921 Mathematics
Database:Compendex
22. Accession number:20113314234809
Title:Surface morphology and wettability of the membranous wing of the oriental mole cricket (Gryllotalpa orientalis Burmeister)
Authors:Gao, Hang1 ; Li, Yuzhu1 ; Tong, Jin2
Author affiliation: 1 Vehicle and Motive Power Engineering College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China
2 Key Laboratory for Bionics Engineering, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130025, China
Corresponding author:Gao, H. ([email protected])
Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:42
Issue:7
Issue date:July 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:220-222 190
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10001298
CODEN:NUYCA3
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China
Abstract:The surface morphology of the membranous wing of the oriental mole cricket (Gryllotalpa orientalis Burmeister) was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The contact angles of water on the membranous wing surface of the oriental mole cricket were determined with an interface tension/wetting-angle measuring instrument (model OCA20). The relationship between wettability of the membranous wing surface of the oriental mole cricket with geometrical structure of its membranous wing surface was analyzed. The results showed the difference of each part of the membranous wing surface in the geometrical structure. The average apparent contact angles of water on the membranous wing surface of the oriental mole cricket was from 94.4° to 118.6°, indicating a hydrophobic ability. The comprehensive action of the geometrically structural surface and the hydrophobic function was the dominant mechanism of preventing adhesion of soil and water from their membranous wing surface. This research established the theoretical foundation on exploring all kinds of membranous wings and improving the waterproofness of green thin film.
Number of references:7
Main heading:Surface morphology
Controlled terms:Biomimetics - Contact angle - Hydrophobicity - Morphology - Scanning electron microscopy
Uncontrolled terms:Apparent contact angle - Dominant mechanism - Geometrical structure - Gryllotalpa orientalis Burmeister - Measuring instruments - Membranous wing - Mole cricket - Soil and water - Structural surfaces - Theoretical foundations - Waterproofness - Wing surface
Classification code:461.9 Biology - 931.2 Physical Properties of Gases, Liquids and Solids
Database:Compendex
23. Accession number:20113314234779
Title:2-D PIV measurements of unsteady flow field inside the rotating impeller of centrifugal pump
Authors:Yang, Hua1 ; Tang, Fangping1 ; Liu, Chao2 ; Zhou, Jiren2 ; Xu, Haoran1
Author affiliation: 1 College of Energy and Power Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China
2 College of Water Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
Corresponding author:Yang, H. ([email protected])
Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:42
Issue:7
Issue date:July 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:56-60
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10001298
CODEN:NUYCA3
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China
Abstract:The flow fields in a rotating impeller, near the volute tongue of a centrifugal pump, were measured by the 2-D PIV technique. At the flow rate of Q/Qbep=0.52, a counter clockwise recirculation flow existed on the blade pressure-side, when the blade was close to the volute tongue, a clockwise recirculation flow occurred on the blade suction-side. At the flow rate of Q/Qbep=1.0, a jet/wake flow existed at the exit of the impeller. The results show that the effects of the volute tongue on the relative velocity distribution are more significant at the low flow rate condition than at the best efficiency point.
Number of references:9
Main heading:Pumps
Controlled terms:Centrifugal pumps - Flow fields - Flow rate - Hydraulic machinery - Impellers - Pumping plants - Rotation - Unsteady flow
Uncontrolled terms:2-D PIV - Best efficiency point - Counter-clockwise - Low flow - PIV measurements - Re-circulation flow - Rotating impellers - Unsteady
Classification code:632.2 Hydraulic Equipment and Machinery - 631.1 Fluid Flow, General - 631 Fluid Flow - 618.2 Pumps - 601.2 Machine Components - 601.1 Mechanical Devices - 446 Waterworks
Database:Compendex
24. Accession number:20113314234784
Title:Designing paired laterals of micro-irrigation system with emitter in homologous discharge rate on slope field
Authors:Jiang, Shufang1 ; Kang, Yaohu1 ; Qu, Qiang2
Author affiliation: 1 Key Lab. of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Acad. of Sci., Beijing 100101, China
2 China Irrigation and Drainage Development Center, Beijing 100054, China
Corresponding author:Kang, Y. ([email protected])
Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:42
Issue:7
Issue date:July 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:82-85 129
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10001298
CODEN:NUYCA3
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China
Abstract:Based on the definition of the best submain position locations in which the same minimum pressure exists in uphill and downhill laterals, a method was developed for designing micro-irrigation paired laterals with emitters at homologous discharge rate, allowable maximum and minimum pressure along laterals were conditions needed to satisfy. When the designed emitter discharge, emitter space and one or two parameters (length, diameter or pressure head) of a paired lateral were provided, the unknown parameters and the best submain position could be designed at any field slope conditions. The results show that the final solutions can be obtained quickly and reasonably.
Number of references:11
Main heading:Irrigation
Uncontrolled terms:Discharge rates - Microirrigation - Microirrigation systems - Minimum pressure - Paired lateral - Position locations - Pressure heads - Slope fields - Two parameter - Uniform-water-discharge laterals - Unknown parameters
Classification code:821.3 Agricultural Methods
Database:Compendex
25.
Accession number:20113314234807
Title:Error predicting for dynamic measurement of poor information based on grey bootstrap method
Authors:Ge, Leyi1 ; Zhao, Wei1 ; Xu, Zifan2 ; Huang, Songling1 ; Wang, Zhongyu3
Author affiliation: 1 Department of Electrical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
2 School of Electrical Engineering, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China
3 College of Instrument Science and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China
Corresponding author:Huang, S. ([email protected])
Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:42
Issue:7
Issue date:July 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:210-214 219
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10001298
CODEN:NUYCA3
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China
Abstract:Different from traditional methods, a novel poor information measurement error prediction method based on grey system theory and bootstrap theory was presented. At first, all calibrated measurement error sources were calibrated, and all measurement error transfer coefficients were calculated, and the calibration data of all error sources were sampled based on bootstrap theory, and predictions of calibration data of all error sources were gained by a grey bootstrap fusion model. Then the error prediction values for dynamic measurement of poor information were got in terms of error combination principle. At last, in an example of a general dynamic measurement, the predicting measurement errors were acquired by this novel proposed method and the actual measurement errors were shown to be in a good agreement with each other, and the validity of the proposed method was also represented.
Number of references:11
Main heading:Measurement errors
Controlled terms:Calibration - Forecasting - Measurements - Potential flow - System theory
Uncontrolled terms:Bootstrap method - Calibration data - Dynamic measurement - Error prediction - Error sources - Fusion model - General dynamics - Grey system theory - Poor information - Transfer coefficient
Classification code:944 Moisture, Pressure and Temperature, and Radiation Measuring Instruments - 943 Mechanical and Miscellaneous Measuring Instruments - 942 Electric and Electronic Measuring Instruments - 961 Systems Science - 941 Acoustical and Optical Measuring Instruments - 921 Mathematics - 631.1 Fluid Flow, General - 922 Statistical Methods
Database:Compendex
26. Accession number:20113314234795
Title:Energy supply performance for biogas heat pump with generator
Authors:Xu, Zhenjun1, 2
Author affiliation: 1 Architectural Engineering College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
2 College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
Corresponding author:Xu, Z. ([email protected])
Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:42
Issue:7
Issue date:July 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:144-147
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10001298
CODEN:NUYCA3
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China
Abstract:The mathematic model of biogas heat pump with generator was established. It included biogas engine model, compressor model, heat exchanger model, generator model and etc. Energy supply performance for biogas heat pump with a generator was studied by using the models. The results show that the system has good power generation performance, heat supply performance and refrigeration performance. When the system runs at low speed, the efficiency of energy utilization is more, and the max COP of the system is about 5. The results prove that the system is with a high actively and fully utilizing energy technology. It has good partial load characteristic and good effects for energy saving and environment protection. The voltage of the generator is 28.8 V, which is enough for the system operating.
Number of references:12
Main heading:Electric equipment protection
Controlled terms:Biogas - Energy resources - Energy utilization - Heat pump systems - Pumps
Uncontrolled terms:Biogas engines - Composite generator - Compressor models - Energy supplies - Energy technologies - Environment protection - Generator models - Heat exchanger model - Heat pump - Heat pumps - Heat supply - Low speed - Mathematic model - Partial load - Refrigeration performance
Classification code:522 Gas Fuels - 525.1 Energy Resources and Renewable Energy Issues - 525.3 Energy Utilization - 618.2 Pumps - 641.2 Heat Transfer - 704.2 Electric Equipment
Database:Compendex
27. Accession number:20113314234797
Title:Discrimination of meat and bone meal in concentrate supplement by near-infrared microscopic imaging
Authors:Jiang, Xunpeng1 ; Yang, Zengling1 ; Han, Lujia1 ; Liu, Xian1
Author affiliation: 1 College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
Corresponding author:Han, L. ([email protected])
Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:42
Issue:7
Issue date:July 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:155-159
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10001298
CODEN:NUYCA3
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China
Abstract:The possibility of using near-infrared microscopic imaging to discriminate meat and bone meal (MBM) in concentrate supplement was investigated. Samples of MBM and dairy concentrate supplement were collected, and the sediment particles were prepared and arranged on polytetrafluoroethene (PTFE) background plate for near infrared imaging. Image size was 5000 μm×5000 μm, using 50 μm pixel resolution (10000 spectra were obtained). Each spectrum was across the wavelength range 7800-4000 cm-1, with 8 cm-1 data resolution. Both principal component analysis and fuzzy clustering analysis were used to extract and present relevant information from NIR microscopic imaging data sets. The results showed that MBM could be distinguished from dairy concentrate supplement by the scores from principal component analysis, and the samples were subdivided by using fuzzy C-means clustering based on the PCA analysis. It is demonstrated that NIR microscopic imaging approach is one of the most promising methods for detecting MBM.
Number of references:10
Main heading:Thermography (imaging)
Controlled terms:Anoxic sediments - Bone - Cluster analysis - Fuzzy clustering - Fuzzy systems - Infrared devices - Microscopic examination - Principal component analysis
Uncontrolled terms:Concentrate supplement - Data resolutions - Fuzzy C means clustering - Fuzzy clustering analysis - Image sizes - Meat and bone meal - Microscopic imaging - Near Infrared - Near-infrared imaging - PCA analysis - Pixel resolution - Sediment particles - Wavelength ranges
Classification code:961 Systems Science - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics - 742.1 Photography - 741.3 Optical Devices and Systems - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 483 Soil Mechanics and Foundations - 461.2 Biological Materials and Tissue Engineering
Database:Compendex
28. Accession number:20113314234783
Title:Energy conversion characteristic within impeller of low specific speed centrifugal pump
Authors:Zhang, Xiang1 ; Wang, Yang1 ; Xu, Xiaomin1 ; Wang, Hongyu1
Author affiliation: 1 Technical and Research Center of Fluid Machinery Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
Corresponding author:Wang, Y. ([email protected])
Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:42
Issue:7
Issue date:July 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:75-81
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10001298
CODEN:NUYCA3
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China
Abstract:The flow field of a centrifugal pump with the specific speed of 60 was computed by CFD method, and the analysis was made to the characteristics of energy conversion within impeller from aspects of working process and energy loss process. The impeller was divided into 8 regions by the radius. Under different operating conditions, characteristics in each region were demonstrated the power of pressure and viscous force, distribution of power density and turbulence dissipation rate, composition and distribution of the energy loss. The results indicated that efficiency was poor and it was influenced by the inlet blade angle in inlet region of the impeller, the middle region of impeller was important to the energy conversion, the outlet region of impeller had appreciable impact on the performance, and fiction loss was the main component of the energy loss.
Number of references:14
Main heading:Pumps
Controlled terms:Centrifugal pumps - Electron energy loss spectroscopy - Energy conversion - Energy dissipation - Hydraulic machinery - Impellers - Pumping plants
Uncontrolled terms:Blade angle - CFD method - Conversion characteristics - Energy loss - Low specific speed - Low specific speed centrifugal pump - Main component - Operating condition - Power densities - Specific speed - Turbulence dissipation rate - Viscous forces - Working process
Classification code:801 Chemistry - 632.2 Hydraulic Equipment and Machinery - 618.2 Pumps - 601.2 Machine Components - 525.5 Energy Conversion Issues - 525.4 Energy Losses (industrial and residential) - 446 Waterworks
Database:Compendex
29. Accession number:20113314234789
Title:Comprehensive evaluation model of soil nutrient based on BP neural network
Authors:Han, Lei1 ; Li, Rui1, 2 ; Zhu, Huili3
Author affiliation: 1 College of Resources and Environment, Northwest A and F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
2 Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
3 Economy and Trade Department, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723000, China
Corresponding author:Li, R. ([email protected])
Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:42
Issue:7
Issue date:July 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:109-115
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10001298
CODEN:NUYCA3
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China
Abstract:A comprehensive evaluation model of soil nutrient based on BP neural network was set up, which contained 5 cryptic layer nodes and 3 layers. The rank classification criterion of soil nutrient's assessment indicator system was chosen as the training sample and the test sample of the model. The training and the test were made by using Matlab software. The comprehensive evaluation of farmland soil nutrients was conducted in Ansai County. The results showed that simulation result of BP neural network was consistent with the expected result; the simulation result of BP neural network, fuzzy pattern and principal component analysis were exactly the same.
Number of references:18
Main heading:Neural networks
Controlled terms:Computer simulation - Geologic models - MATLAB - Nutrients - Principal component analysis - Software testing - Soils
Uncontrolled terms:Assessment indicator - BP neural networks - Classification criterion - Comprehensive evaluation - Comprehensive evaluation model - Farmland soils - Fuzzy pattern - Matlab- software - Simulation result - Soil nutrient - Soil nutrients - Test samples - Training sample
Classification code:481.1 Geology - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 723.4 Artificial Intelligence - 723.5 Computer Applications - 821.2 Agricultural Chemicals - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics
Database:Compendex
30. Accession number:20113314234791
Title:Fuzzy evaluation to integration benefit of regulated deficit irrigation of mini-watermelon based on information entropy
Authors:Zheng, Jian1 ; Cai, Huanjie2 ; Wang, Jian2 ; Wang, Yan1
Author affiliation: 1 College of Energy and Power Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China
2 Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid Area, Ministry of Education, Northwest A and F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
Corresponding author:Cai, H. ([email protected])
Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:42
Issue:7
Issue date:July 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:124-129
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10001298
CODEN:NUYCA3
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China
Abstract:The multi-hierarchy and multi-objective fuzzy theory was applied to establish a multi-hierarchy and multi-objective fuzzy evaluation model of regulated deficit irrigation comprehensive benefits. Using the information entropy theory, the impersonality weights of all hierarchy evaluation indexes were obtained, and the subjective weights given by experts to attain the comprehensive weights for the method of multi- hierarchy evaluation indexes were combined, the reliability of the model evaluation results was improved.At the same time, the model was used to evaluate and order the comprehensive benefits of regulate deficit irrigation integration benefits of mini-watermelon with different water deficit treatments in autumn of 2007. The results indicate that the water deficit can improve fruit quality, but the serious water deficit and moderate water deficit would decrease yield in fruit spreading growth stage. The water deficit has little influence on yield and quality of fruit in fruit maturing stage. During the seeding stage, blossoming and bearing fruits stage, fruit spreading growth stage and fruit maturing stage, the irrigation standard of 0.75Ep, 0.75Ep, 1.25Ep and 1.00Ep was adopted respectively, and could get the perfect comprehensive benefits of regulate deficit irrigation integration benefits.
Number of references:18
Main heading:Irrigation
Controlled terms:Fruits - Fuzzy logic - Integration - Multiobjective optimization - Reliability theory
Uncontrolled terms:Comprehensive benefit - Deficit irrigation - Evaluation index - Evaluation models - Fruit quality - Fuzzy evaluation - Fuzzy theory - Growth stages - Information entropy - Mini-watermelon - Model evaluation - Multi objective - Multi-hierarchy - Regulated deficit irrigation - Water deficits
Classification code:721.1 Computer Theory, Includes Formal Logic, Automata Theory, Switching Theory, Programming Theory - 821.3 Agricultural Methods - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 921.2 Calculus - 921.5 Optimization Techniques - 922.2 Mathematical Statistics
Database:Compendex
31. Accession number:20113314234771
Title:Diesel engine fueled with petroleum coke slurry
Authors:Xiang, Liming1 ; Li, Xinghu1 ; Gu, Huisi1 ; Bi, Yun1
Author affiliation: 1 School of Transportation Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
Corresponding author:Li, X. ([email protected])
Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:42
Issue:7
Issue date:July 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:5-9 15
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10001298
CODEN:NUYCA3
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China
Abstract:The new petroleum coke slurry fuel system was adopted in a R180 diesel engine, and an investigation was carried out in the modified diesel engine with fuel of petroleum coke slurry. The speed, torque, specific fuel consumption, exhaust gas temperature, and HC, CO, NOx, smoke emission concentrations of the engine with fuel of petroleum coke slurry were measured respectively, and the comparison to the engine with fuel of No.0 diesel fuel was made. The results show that under the conditions of 1200, 1600, 1800 r/min and burning petroleum coke slurry, engine maximum power is reduced by about 6.2%, 19% and 21% respectively compared with burning diesel fuel, and the average exhaust gas temperature increases by about 5.3%, 19.1% and 34.2% respectively; the HC emissions reduced at 1200 r/min, and are similar to the diesel fuel at 1600, 1800 r/min; the CO emissions are close to diesel fuel; the NOx emissions decreased; the exhaust smoke density is similar to diesel fuel at 1200 r/min, and is higher than diesel fuel at 1600, 1800 r/min.
Number of references:14
Main heading:Engines
Controlled terms:Diesel engines - Diesel fuels - Fuels - Petroleum coke
Uncontrolled terms:CO emissions - Exhaust gas temperatures - Exhaust smoke - HC emissions - Maximum power - Slurry fuel - Smoke Emission - Specific fuel consumption
Classification code:522 Gas Fuels - 523 Liquid Fuels - 524 Solid Fuels - 612 Engines - 612.2 Diesel Engines
Database:Compendex
32. Accession number:20113314234775
Title:Dynamic reliability model of turbine impeller of turbocharger under ultimate load
Authors:Wang, Zheng1 ; Wang, Zengquan1 ; Guo, Kai1 ; Deng, Chunlong1
Author affiliation: 1 National Key Laboratory of Diesel Engine Turbocharging Technology, China North Engine Research Institute, Datong 037036, China
Corresponding author:Wang, Z. ([email protected])
Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:42
Issue:7
Issue date:July 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:32-35 49
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10001298
CODEN:NUYCA3
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China
Abstract:The effect of the number of blades and load application on the reliability of turbine impeller was studied, and the reliability and failure rate models of turbine impeller of turbocharger under ultimate load were developed. The structural characteristics of turbine impeller were analyzed, and the probability distribution function of strength of turbine impeller capable of reflecting the effect of the number of blades was derived. For the failure mode caused by the ultimate load of over speed, the models of reliability, failure rate and mean life of turbine impeller were developed, which could embody the effect of the number of blades, load, strength and the operating cycles. Taking a turbocharger as an example, the behavior of the reliability and failure rate of turbine impeller changing as the number of operating cycles was studied. The results showed that as the number of operating cycle increased, the reliability of turbine impeller decreased, and the failure rate also decreased and approached to a stable value. Compared with the conventional methods, the models proposed can be applied to analyze and calculate the reliability of turbine impeller more scientifically.
Number of references:11
Main heading:Turbomachine blades
Controlled terms:Distribution functions - Failure analysis - Impellers - Probability distributions - Superchargers - Turbines
Uncontrolled terms:Failure rate - Number of blades - Turbine impellers - Turbocharger - Ultimate loads
Classification code:922.1 Probability Theory - 921 Mathematics - 618.1 Compressors - 618 Compressors and Pumps - 612.3 Gas Turbines and Engines - 601.2 Machine Components - 421 Strength of Building Materials; Mechanical Properties
Database:Compendex
33. Accession number:20113314234777
Title:Pressure fluctuation of a two-stage double-suction centrifugal pump
Authors:Li, Chenguang1 ; Wang, Fujun1 ; Xu, Jianzhong2 ; Li, Ruiming2 ; Wang, Jianming3
Author affiliation: 1 College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
2 China Irrigation and Drainage Development Center, Beijing 100054, China
3 Yuncheng DAYUDU Pumping-Up Project Administration, Yuncheng 044600, China
Corresponding author:Wang, F. ([email protected])
Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:42
Issue:7
Issue date:July 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:41-49
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10001298
CODEN:NUYCA3
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China
Abstract:To investigate the energy characteristics and pressure fluctuations of a two-stage double-suction centrifugal pump, the standard k-Ε and RNG k-Ε turbulent flow models were chosen for the steady and unsteady flow simulations at 0.62, 0.8, 1.0, 1.1 and 1.2 designed flow rate conditions. The results showed that the second multiple frequency of the impeller rotation dominated the pressure fluctuations in the suctions. The fluctuation amplitudes for all the monitored points in suctions were very similar and the difference was less than 1%. The second multiple frequency of the impeller rotation also dominated the pressure fluctuations on the impeller blade surfaces where the amplitude became larger than that at suctions. The blade passing frequency dominated the pressure fluctuations in the volute and the largest amplitude was at the point some distance away from the volute tongue. The amplitude of pressure fluctuation increased when the pump operation condition was deviated from the design point. In the volute tongue region, the pressure fluctuation amplitude of blade passing frequency at 1.2 designed flow rate is 1.25 times of the one at designed flow rate, while the ratio at 0.62 designed flow rate is 1.42.
Number of references:16
Main heading:Pumps
Controlled terms:Centrifugal pumps - Computer simulation - Flow rate - Hydraulic machinery - Impellers - Pumping plants - Rotation - Turbulent flow
Uncontrolled terms:Blade passing frequency - Design points - Double volute - Energy characteristics - Flow rate conditions - Impeller blades - Impeller rotation - Multiple frequency - Pressure fluctuation - Pump operation - Turbulent flow model - Two stage - Two-stage double-suction centrifugal pump
Classification code:632.2 Hydraulic Equipment and Machinery - 631.1 Fluid Flow, General - 631 Fluid Flow - 723.5 Computer Applications - 618.2 Pumps - 601.1 Mechanical Devices - 446 Waterworks - 601.2 Machine Components
Database:Compendex
34. Accession number:20113314234772
Title:Part-load combustion characteristics of a GDI engine
Authors:Du, Weiming1 ; Li, Jun1 ; Gong, Yanfeng2 ; Chen, Haie2 ; Qu, Meilan2 ; Li, Jincheng2
Author affiliation: 1 College of Automotive Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130025, China
2 R and D Center, FAW Group Corporation, Changchun 130011, China
Corresponding author:Du, W. ([email protected])
Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:42
Issue:7
Issue date:July 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:16-20
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10001298
CODEN:NUYCA3
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China
Abstract:The combustion characteristics were studied by using a 2.0 L GDI engine at medium and low speeds part-load. The effect of intake tumble and injection timing on combustion characteristics was analyzed. The results showed that increasing intake tumble could enhance airflow and combustion velocity at the operation condition of 1000 r/min, 0.1 MPa brake mean efficient pressure (BMEP). However, the advantage of intake tumble reduced when engine speed increased. At operation condition of 3000 r/min, 0.3 MPa BMEP, increasing intake tumble could cause combustion deterioration. The effect of injection timing has greater influence on mixture formation and combustion stability at operation condition of 3000 r/min than operation condition of 2000 r/min, and there is the best injection timing value between 300°CA BTDC and 320°CA BTDC at every operation condition.
Number of references:9
Main heading:Combustion
Uncontrolled terms:Combustion characteristics - Combustion stability - Combustion velocities - Cyclic variations - Engine speed - GDI engine - Injection timing - Low speed - Mixture formation - Operation conditions - Part load
Classification code:521.1 Fuel Combustion
Database:Compendex
35. Accession number:20113314234805
Title:Design and simulation of intelligent weeding robot system
Authors:Zhang, Chunlong1 ; Huang, Xiaolong1 ; Geng, Changxing1 ; Zhang, Junxiong1 ; Li, Wei1
Author affiliation: 1 College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
Corresponding author:Li, W. ([email protected])
Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:42
Issue:7
Issue date:July 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:196-199 185
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10001298
CODEN:NUYCA3
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China
Abstract:In order to solve the problems of weeding robot including the flexible movement in field and removing weeds without injuring crop seedlings, the principle of intelligent weeding robot system and the mobile robot platform were studied. The mobile platform was a four-wheel driven and four-wheel steering robot. It could move within the speed of 0-1.5 m/s and each leg could rotate freely around Z-axis of itself. A three-finger manipulator was also designed. All the three fingers could rotate around their public-axis and one of them could also around its own Z-axis. When the robot worked, based on the location information of seedlings and weeds gotten by the machine vision, the rotation speed of movable finger could be controlled to avoid injuring the seedlings while the two fixed fingers would remove the weeds between two crop seedlings continuously. The simulation of the trajectories of three-finger manipulator showed that more than 90% weeds could be removed when a manipulator was installed on each side of crop rows.
Number of references:10
Main heading:Machine design
Controlled terms:Computer vision - Crops - Four wheel steering - Intelligent robots - Manipulators - Mobile robots - Seed - Wheels
Uncontrolled terms:Intra-row weeding - Mobile robot platform - Simulation - Three-finger manipulator - Weeding robot
Classification code:601 Mechanical Design - 601.2 Machine Components - 663.2 Heavy Duty Motor Vehicle Components - 731.5 Robotics - 731.6 Robot Applications - 821.4 Agricultural Products
Database:Compendex
36. Accession number:20113314234790
Title:Response of photosynthetic parameters of winter wheat before and after re-watering to different rates of water-retaining agent
Authors:Yang, Yonghui1, 2 ; Wu, Pute2 ; Wu, Jicheng1 ; Zhao, Xining3 ; Huang, Zhanbin4 ; He, Fang1
Author affiliation: 1 Institute of Plant Nutrition and Resource Environment, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
2 College of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Northwest A and F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
3 Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Acad. of Sci., Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
4 School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing 100083, China
Corresponding author:Wu, P. ([email protected])
Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:42
Issue:7
Issue date:July 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:116-123
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10001298
CODEN:NUYCA3
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China
Abstract:In order to ascertain the response of photosynthetic parameters of winter wheat during the course of soil water consuming from drought stress to re-watering to different dosage of water-retaining agent and make clear the acting mechanism of water-retaining agent, the pot experiment was employed and water-retaining agent was added to the soil at the following rates: 0 mg/kg, 27 mg/kg, 54 mg/kg, and 81 mg/kg. The results indicated that photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration rate (Tr), and stomatal conductance (Gs) of wheat were decreased, but water use efficiency (WUE) was increased after the application of water-retaining agent under drought stress. After re-watering, Pn, Tr, and Gs of CK were still higher, and those of water-retaining agent, from high to low, were as the following: 54 mg/kg, 81 mg/kg, 27 mg/kg. When soil moisture content fell to about 55% of field capacity, the photosynthetic parameters of each treatment were ranged in order from the higher to the lower ones as the following: 27 mg/kg, CK, 54 mg/kg, 81 mg/kg. WUE of different treatments were rank as the following: 84 mg/kg, 27 mg/kg, CK, 54 mg/kg. And with the increase of the amount of water-retaining agent, wheat biomass increased, but those of 81 mg/kg of water-retaining agent were significantly high compared with other treatments. Meanwhile, water-retaining agent had an effect on the relations among photosynthetic parameters of winter leaves. The correlations between Gs and Pn and Tr of wheat applied with 54 mg/kg of water-retaining agent were the most closely connected, next were the treatments with 81 mg/kg, CK and 27 mg/kg of water-retaining agent respectively. However, the connections of correlations between Gs and soil, WUE and those between Pn and soil water, Tr, and WUE all showed in the following order: 81 mg/kg, 54 mg/kg, CK, 27 mg/kg. It could be concluded that the treatments with 54 mg/kg and 81 mg/kg of water-retaining agent had significant effect on the correlations between photosynthetic parameters of wheat leaves.
Number of references:29
Main heading:Soil moisture
Controlled terms:Drought - Moisture determination - Plants (botany) - Water supply
Uncontrolled terms:Photosynthetic characteristics - Re-water - Water stress - Water-retaining agent - Winter wheat
Classification code:444 Water Resources - 446.1 Water Supply Systems - 461.9 Biology - 483.1 Soils and Soil Mechanics - 944.2 Moisture Measurements
Database:Compendex
37. Accession number:20113314234804
Title:Optimization design and experiment of fruit and vegetable picking manipulator
Authors:Wang, Yan1 ; Yang, Qinghua1 ; Bao, Guanjun1 ; Xun, Yi1 ; Zhang, Libin1
Author affiliation: 1 Key Laboratory of Special Purpose Equipment and Advanced Processing Technology, Ministry of Edu., Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
Corresponding author:Zhang, L. ([email protected])
Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:42
Issue:7
Issue date:July 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:191-195
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10001298
CODEN:NUYCA3
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China
Abstract:In view of the existing problems of current picking manipulator, an articulated picking manipulator with four degree of freedom was developed. In order to harvest fruits and vegetables of the target space flexibly and efficiently, meanwhile to reduce operating space and structure size of the manipulator as much as possible, the general structure optimization method of the articulated manipulator for picking fruits and vegetables was proposed, which was applied in random cube of the picking space. The mathematical models were constructed by taking the workspace for constraints, and the Matlab optimization Toolbox was applied to realize the proposed method. For verifying the availability of the method, the structure parameters of the designed articulated picking manipulator were optimized by referring to the example of the cucumber picking operation in greenhouse; and the motion planning experiments of the optimized manipulator were carried out. Experimental results showed that the optimized manipulator could cover the whole required target space of the cucumber harvesting operation, and also could reach the limit points and other picking points of the target space, the maximum positioning errors of the x, y, z axis were respectively 4.3 mm, 5.6 mm, 6.8 mm, so it could basically satisfy the requirement of the cucumber picking operation.
Number of references:12
Main heading:Robot programming
Controlled terms:Experiments - Fruits - Manipulators - Mathematical models - Motion planning - Shape optimization - Structural optimization - Vegetables
Uncontrolled terms:Existing problems - Four degree of freedom - Fruit and vegetables - Limit points - MATLAB optimization toolbox - Optimization design - Picking - Planning experiments - Positioning error - Structure optimization - Structure parameter - Structure sizes - Target space - Workspace
Classification code:731.5 Robotics - 821.4 Agricultural Products - 901.3 Engineering Research - 921 Mathematics - 921.5 Optimization Techniques
Database:Compendex
38. Accession number:20113314234780
Title:3-D PIV test of inner flow in a double-blade pump under zero flow rate condition
Authors:Wang, Kai1 ; Liu, Houlin1 ; Yuan, Shouqi1 ; Tan, Minggao1 ; Yang, Dongsheng1
Author affiliation: 1 Research Center of Fluid Machinery Engineering and Technology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
Corresponding author:Liu, H. ([email protected])
Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:42
Issue:7
Issue date:July 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:61-65
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10001298
CODEN:NUYCA3
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China
Abstract:Inner flow in a double-blade pump impeller, whose specific speed is 111, was measured under zero flow rate condition by using 3-D PIV test technology. In order to ensure the accuracy of 3-D PIV test, the external trigger synchronization system which was made with fiber optic and equivalent calibration method was applied. In Visual C 2005 platform, according to the velocity triangle, 3-D PIV velocity synthetic procedure was compiled to obtain the relative velocity synthesized by the absolute velocity and the circular velocity. The results showed that volute tongue had greater impact on the absolute velocity field within the impeller. There were vortices regions at three measurement surfaces within impeller, but the sizes and locations of vortices were different. Moreover, there was a low velocity region at the volute diffuser, the absolute velocity values in the region were less than 0.62 m/s, and there were vortices at the volute diffuser. The axial velocities values of impeller passage, volute diffuser and region near volute tongue were different at three measurement planes.
Number of references:10
Main heading:Flow rate
Controlled terms:Impellers - Pumps - Three dimensional - Velocity - Vortex flow
Uncontrolled terms:3-D PIV - Double blade pump - Inner flow - Vortex - Zero flow
Classification code:601.2 Machine Components - 618.2 Pumps - 631 Fluid Flow - 631.1 Fluid Flow, General - 902.1 Engineering Graphics - 931.1 Mechanics
Database:Compendex
39. Accession number:20113314234800
Title:Aromatic compounds in blackberry juice after ultrahigh pressure treatment by SPME-GC-MS
Authors:Ma, Yongkun1 ; Bai, Jie1 ; Wei, Benxi1 ; Zhang, Long1 ; Ma, Shanli1 ; Jiang, Jiakui1
Author affiliation: 1 School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
Corresponding author:Ma, Y. ([email protected])
Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:42
Issue:7
Issue date:July 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:170-175
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10001298
CODEN:NUYCA3
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China
Abstract:The aromatic compounds in blackberry juice before and after ultrahigh pressure (UHP) treatment were evaluated by sensory evaluation and analyzed by combining SPME with GC-MS method. The results showed that after UHP, the categories of aromatic compounds in blackberry juice were the same as those in original samples, however, the content had a little change after UHP treatment. The alcohols and esters contents were decreased by 4.8% and 11.1% respectively after 300 MPa, 10 min treatment. While the contents of aldehydes and the ketones were respectively increased by 12.06% and 14.59%; and the alcohols, esters and aldehydes contents were increased by 4.9%, 26.86% and 9.9% after 400 MPa, 10 min treatment. But the concentrations of them were not changed significantly after 200 MPa, 500 MPa and 600 MPa, 10 min treatment. The sensory evaluation results demonstrate that blackberry juice under 400 MPa, 10 min treatment has its typical flavor, and matches well with the GC-MS analysis results.
Number of references:18
Main heading:Aromatization
Controlled terms:Aldehydes - Aromatic compounds - Esterification - Esters - Extraction - Ketones
Uncontrolled terms:Blackberry juice - GC-MS analysis - Original sample - Sensory evaluation - Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) - SPME-GC-MS - Ultra-high pressure treatment - Ultrahigh pressure
Classification code:802.2 Chemical Reactions - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 804.1 Organic Compounds
Database:Compendex
40. Accession number:20113314234776
Title:Measurement and control system for vehicular powertrain testbench in HEV applications
Authors:Zhou, Jianhao1 ; Yuan, Yinnan1, 2 ; Chen, Duhong1 ; Shao, Bin3 ; Wang, Cunlei3
Author affiliation: 1 School of Automobile and Traffic Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
2 School of Mechanical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
3 Shanghai Maple Automobile Company, Shanghai 201501, China
Corresponding author:Yuan, Y. ([email protected])
Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:42
Issue:7
Issue date:July 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:36-40 69
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10001298
CODEN:NUYCA3
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China
Abstract:Vehicular powertrain testbench was designed by utilizing two load motors installed at both ends of the differential which simulated the driving resistance, and one drive motor which drove the powertrain system instead of I.C. engine. A LabVIEW based measurement and control system for the testbench were developed. CAN signals of powertrain's master controllers, serial signals of electric driven system based on USS and MODBUS protocol were sampled and monitored at real-time and synchronously. The system integrated various communication protocols in one platform and had a good portability and scalability. This testbench was used in applications of reliability test for hybrid powertrain system with ISG (integrated starter/generator). The basic performances of key components of electromagnetic coupling power synthesis box, and the dynamic performance on simulated working condition were also tested so as to provide a valuable reference for control strategy formulation and parameter optimization.
Number of references:10
Main heading:Powertrains
Controlled terms:Communication - Control theory - Electric vehicles - Network protocols
Uncontrolled terms:Control strategies - Drive motors - Driven system - Dynamic performance - HEV applications - Hybrid electric vehicle - I.C. engine - Key component - LabViEW - Load motors - Measurement and control - Measurement and control system - Modbus protocol - Parameter optimization - Power-train systems - Reliability test - Serial signals - Starter/generator - Testbench - Working conditions
Classification code:432 Highway Transportation - 663.2 Heavy Duty Motor Vehicle Components - 716 Telecommunication; Radar, Radio and Television - 723 Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications - 731.1 Control Systems
Database:Compendex
41. Accession number:20113314234803
Title:GPS automatic navigation system design for XDNZ630 rice transplanter
Authors:Wei, Liguo1 ; Zhang, Quan2 ; Yan, Hua3 ; Liu, Yangchun1
Author affiliation: 1 Institute of Mechatronics Technology and Application, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
2 Department of News and Information, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
3 State Key Laboratories in Areas of Soil-Plant-Machine System Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
Corresponding author:Wei, L. ([email protected])
Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:42
Issue:7
Issue date:July 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:186-190
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10001298
CODEN:NUYCA3
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China
Abstract:An automatic navigation system was developed on XDNZ630 rice transplanter using RTK-GPS technology. The steering mechanism, gear change mechanism and transplanting mechanism of the rice transplanter were modified from manual control system to electronic control system by using servo motors. According to the position information of the rice transplanter acquired from GPS receiver and vehicle sensors, the close-loop feedback control system of steering was built. The system can accurately control rice transplanter to follow row navigating and turn around at the end of the field by PID tracking method. The road and field experimental results indicated that the lateral tracking error could be kept within 10 cm when the speed of the rice transplant was not greater than 0.6 m/s. The control system can completely satisfy the precision requirement of rice transplanting.
Number of references:10
Main heading:Global positioning system
Controlled terms:Adaptive control systems - Automobile steering equipment - Control theory - Feedback control - Navigation - Navigation systems - Systems analysis
Uncontrolled terms:Automatic navigation systems - Change mechanisms - Close loop - Electronic control systems - GPS receivers - Lateral tracking - Position information - Position systems - Rice transplanter - RTK-GPS - Steering mechanisms - Tracking method - Turn-arounds - Vehicle sensors
Classification code:434.4 Waterway Navigation - 663.2 Heavy Duty Motor Vehicle Components - 716.3 Radio Systems and Equipment - 731.1 Control Systems
Database:Compendex
42. Accession number:20113314234799
Title:Design and experiment on ultrasonic-ozone washer for fruits and vegetables
Authors:Wang, Haiou1 ; Hu, Zhichao1 ; Wu, Feng1 ; Cao, Shifeng1 ; Xie, Huanxiong1 ; Zhong, Ting1
Author affiliation: 1 Nanjing Research Institute of Agricultural Mechanization, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210014, China
Corresponding author:Hu, Z. ([email protected])
Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:42
Issue:7
Issue date:July 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:165-169 175
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10001298
CODEN:NUYCA3
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China
Abstract:A multi-functional ultrasonic-ozone washer was designed by integrating the technologies of ultrasonic washing and ozone washing with the functions of decontaminating, sterilizing and reducing pesticide residues. The washing process of the washer was auto-controlled by microcomputer program, including the steps of spray rinsing, ultrasonic-ozone washing, and re-spraying. The two sprayers were disposed on the tank wall vis-a-vis in stagger position. Combined with the control program, the sprayers enabled the fruits or vegetables in the tank to move and roll intermittently during washing, which ensured all the surface of the wash matter can be cleaned, and the ozone-water blend effect was improved. Experiments on strawberry washing showed that the washer had no significant influence on the strawberry quality, and the sterilization rate of microorganism on strawberry was more than 90%, the degradation rates of equigard, acephate, dimethoate all reached about 85%. The washer had significant effect of decontaminating, sterilizing and reducing pesticide residues.
Number of references:6
Main heading:Domestic appliances
Controlled terms:Degradation - Experiments - Fruits - Ozone - Pesticide effects - Tanks (containers) - Ultrasonics - Vegetables - Washing
Uncontrolled terms:Control program - Degradation rate - Dimethoate - Multi-functional - Pesticide residue - Tank walls - Ultrasonic washing - Washing process
Classification code:821.4 Agricultural Products - 804 Chemical Products Generally - 803 Chemical Agents and Basic Industrial Chemicals - 802.3 Chemical Operations - 901.3 Engineering Research - 802.2 Chemical Reactions - 715 Electronic Equipment, General Purpose and Industrial - 619.2 Tanks - 522 Gas Fuels - 753.1 Ultrasonic Waves
Database:Compendex
43. Accession number:20113314234770
Title:NOx and particulate emissions numerical simulation of diesel blended with biodiesel
Authors:Tang, Dong1 ; Li, Changyuan1 ; Ge, Jianlin1 ; Shen, Fei1 ; Liu, Shengji1
Author affiliation: 1 School of Automobile and Traffic Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
Corresponding author:Tang, D. ([email protected])
Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:42
Issue:7
Issue date:July 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:1-4
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10001298
CODEN:NUYCA3
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China
Abstract:3-D numerical simulation on NOx and soot emissions of 186FA diesel fueling with pure diesel and B20 fuel was carried out by using CFD software FIRE v2008, the generating rule and distribution of NOx and soot of two fuels were described. Through comparison of the measured indicator diagram, the accuracy of the model was verified. Based on the simulation of the original diesel engine fueling with B20, the swirl ratio and injection advance angle were optimized and the technical programs were proposed to reduce two kinds of emissions simultaneously, which optimized the emissions of NOx and soot when the swirl ratio was 2.7 and injection advance angle was 352.5°.
Number of references:6
Main heading:Computer simulation
Controlled terms:Diesel engines - Fueling - Optimization - Particulate emissions - Soot
Uncontrolled terms:3-D numerical simulation - CFD softwares - Indicator diagram - Injection advance angles - Non-road - Soot emissions - Swirl ratio - Technical programs
Classification code:921.5 Optimization Techniques - 723.5 Computer Applications - 612.2 Diesel Engines - 524 Solid Fuels - 523 Liquid Fuels - 522 Gas Fuels - 451.1 Air Pollution Sources
Database:Compendex
44. Accession number:20113314235427
Title:Individual trees recognition in dense forest based on airborne LiDAR
Authors:Liu, Feng1 ; Gong, Jianya2
Author affiliation: 1 School of Science, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
2 State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
Corresponding author:Gong, J. ([email protected])
Source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao/Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery
Abbreviated source title:Nongye Jixie Xuebao
Volume:42
Issue:7
Issue date:July 2011
Publication year:2011
Pages:200-203 209
Language:Chinese
ISSN:10001298
CODEN:NUYCA3
Document type:Journal article (JA)
Publisher:Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery, No. 1 Beishatan Deshengmen Wai, Beijing, 100083, China
Abstract:By analyzing the shortage of traditional approach, a new individual trees recognition method was proposed. Firstly, the generalized Gaussian function was used to analyze the fitting pulse shape LiDAR data, and the high density point cloud and the waveform parameters were obtained, then the non-ground points were gained by establishing DEM; secondly, the spatial characteristics of point cloud was computed to receive forest points; lastly, Markov random fields were exploited to label individual trees in 3D. The experimental results show that this method can effectively improve the recognition accuracy, especially in the low dense, small trees identification effect, and the average recognition accuracy is 75%.
Number of references:11
Main heading:Plant extracts
Controlled terms:Optical radar - Pattern recognition
Uncontrolled terms:Airborne LiDAR - Generalized Gaussian - High density - Individual tree - LIDAR data - Markov Random Fields - Point cloud - Pulse shapes - Recognition accuracy - Recognition methods - Spatial characteristics - Waveform parameters
Classification code: 461.9 Biology - 716 Telecommunication; Radar, Radio and Television - 716.2 Radar Systems and Equipment
Database:Compendex
? 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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