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氣液輔助式肉蓯蓉播種機設(shè)計與試驗
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國家自然科學(xué)基金項目(32301720)、新疆維吾爾自治區(qū)產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系項目(XJARS-07-06)、新疆維吾爾自治區(qū)天山創(chuàng)新團隊項目(2021D14010)和新疆維吾爾自治區(qū)“三農(nóng)”骨干人才培養(yǎng)項目(2022SNGGGCC032)


Design and Experiment of Liquid-gas-assisted Cistanche deserticola Seeder
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    摘要:

    肉蓯蓉是一種寄生于梭梭、紅柳等根部深處的草本植物,因其種子體積小、價格高,且播種時需要附著在寄主植物根系附近,故肉蓯蓉機械化播種要求精量排種和深播。根據(jù)肉蓯蓉農(nóng)藝種植要求,結(jié)合人工播種方式,設(shè)計并制作了具備開溝、播種、覆土作業(yè)的肉蓯蓉播種機。通過分析開溝刀盤的受力狀態(tài)確定了刀盤主要結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)及刀片布局形式,按照拋土與覆土體積恒定原則設(shè)計了導(dǎo)土罩結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù),結(jié)合有限元分析軟件重點對開溝刀盤及主傳動軸進行模態(tài)分析,并確定了機具工作參數(shù)。對照液體噴灑量和作業(yè)速度匹配了肉蓯蓉播種流量,確定了出種口形式及尺寸范圍。以噴口吹送氣壓與噴種口開度為試驗因素,播種均勻性變異系數(shù)為試驗指標開展田間試驗。試驗結(jié)果表明:當噴口吹送氣壓為0.2MPa、出種口開度為1.5mm時,播種均勻性變異系數(shù)為13.50%,且播種深度穩(wěn)定性系數(shù)不小于91.17%,滿足當前肉蓯蓉的種植農(nóng)藝要求。

    Abstract:

    Cistanche deserticola is a herbaceous plant that parasitizes deep in the roots of Haloxylon ammodendron and Tamarix ramosissima. Due to its small seed volume, high price, and the requirement that the seeds need to be attached near the roots of host plants during sowing, the mechanized sowing of Cistanche deserticola demands precise seed metering and deep sowing. According to the agronomic planting requirements of Cistanche deserticola and combined with manual sowing methods, a Cistanche deserticola seeder capable of ditching, sowing, and covering soil operations was designed and manufactured. By analyzing the stress state of the ditching cutterhead, the main structural parameters and the blade layout pattern of the cutterhead were determined. Based on the principle of constant volume of soil throwing and covering, the structural parameters of the soil guide cover were designed. Combined with finite element analysis software, modal analysis was mainly carried out on the ditching cutterhead and the main drive shaft, and the working parameters of the machine were determined. The sowing flow rate of Cistanche deserticola was matched according to the liquid spraying volume and the working speed, and the form and size range of the seed outlet were determined. Taking the blowing air pressure at the nozzle and the opening degree of the seed spraying port as experimental factors, and the coefficient of variation of sowing uniformity as the experimental index, field experiments were carried out. The results showed that when the blowing air pressure at the nozzle was 0.2MPa and the opening degree of the seed outlet was 1.5mm, the coefficient of variation of sowing uniformity was 13.50%, and the sowing depth stability coefficient was not less than 91.17%, which met the current agronomic planting requirements of Cistanche deserticola.

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韓長杰,張越,尤佳,劉永萍,梁佳,馬旭,毛罕平.氣液輔助式肉蓯蓉播種機設(shè)計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2025,56(5):291-299. HAN Changjie, ZHANG Yue, YOU Jia, LIU Yongping, LIANG Jia, MA Xu, MAO Hanping. Design and Experiment of Liquid-gas-assisted Cistanche deserticola Seeder[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2025,56(5):291-299.

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  • 收稿日期:2024-12-09
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2025-05-10
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