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鏈勺翹尾自清式半夏精量排種器設計與試驗
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陜西省農機研發(fā)專項(K4040121337)


Design and Test of Chain Spoon Cocked Tail Self-cleaning Pinellia ternata Precision Seed Metering Device
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    摘要:

    針對半夏種子形狀不規(guī)則、大小不均勻造成的充種不充分、清種困難等問題,基于鏈條翻轉運動特性,本文提出利用轉動慣性力清種方法,設計一種鏈勺翹尾自清式半夏精量排種器,通過翹尾種勺及水滴形型孔提高充種率,實現自清種。通過對排種器工作過程中種子受力情況及運動狀態(tài)進行分析,闡述了鏈勺翹尾自清式排種器工作原理;基于DEM-MBD耦合進行仿真試驗,分析種勺充種傾角、鏈條張緊力和種勺型孔結構參數對排種器工作性能的影響,確定排種器結構參數;設計二次回歸正交旋轉組合仿真試驗,確定種勺型孔最佳結構參數組合:種勺型孔長度為18.6mm、種勺型孔寬度為14.1mm、種勺型孔留種孔深度為8.6mm;為確定排種器最佳作業(yè)參數,以主動鏈輪轉速和種層高度為試驗因素,進行二次回歸正交旋轉組合臺架試驗。試驗結果表明,當排種器主動鏈輪轉速為39.2r/min、種層高度為206mm時,排種器作業(yè)性能最優(yōu),其合格指數為93.37%、重播指數為2.17%、漏播指數為4.46%,研究結果可為球莖類中藥材排種器設計提供參考。

    Abstract:

    Aiming at the problems of insufficient seed filling and difficult seed cleaning caused by irregular shape and uneven size of Pinellia ternata seeds, based on the characteristics of chain flipping motion, a method of using rotational inertia force for seed cleaning was proposed. A chain spoon upturned tail self-cleaning Pinellia ternata precision seeder was designed, which improved the seed filling rate and achieved rapid seed cleaning through the spoon upturned tail structure and water droplet shaped holes. By analyzing the force and motion state of seeds during the working process of the seeder, the working principle of the chain spoon self cleaning seeder with upturned tail was explained. Through theoretical calculations and kinematic analysis, simulation experiments were conducted based on DEM-MBD coupling to analyze the effects of different spoon filling angles, chain tension forces, and spoon shaped hole structural parameters on the performance of the seeder. The structural parameters of the seeder were determined. A quadratic regression orthogonal rotation combination simulation experiment was designed to determine the optimal structural parameter combination for spoon shaped holes: spoon shaped hole length was 18.6mm, spoon shaped hole width was 14.1mm, and spoon shaped hole retention depth was 8.6mm. To determine the optimal operating parameters of the seeder, a quadratic regression orthogonal rotation combination bench test was conducted with the driving sprocket speed and seed layer height as experimental factors. The experimental results showed that when the driving sprocket speed of the seeder was 39.2r/min and the seed layer height was 206mm, the operational performance of the seeder was optimal, with a qualification index of 93.37%, a replay index of 2.17%, and a leakage index of 4.46%, the research results can provide a reference for the design of seeders for bulbous Chinese medicinal materials.

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黃玉祥,劉卓韜,楊鑫,馮添,畢于彬,巨曉騰.鏈勺翹尾自清式半夏精量排種器設計與試驗[J].農業(yè)機械學報,2025,56(5):279-290. HUANG Yuxiang, LIU Zhuotao, YANG Xin, FENG Tian, BI Yubin, JU Xiaoteng. Design and Test of Chain Spoon Cocked Tail Self-cleaning Pinellia ternata Precision Seed Metering Device[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2025,56(5):279-290.

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  • 收稿日期:2024-12-15
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2025-05-10
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