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基于CFD-DEM的氣送式稻麥兼用型高速播種機(jī)種子減速器設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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國(guó)家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2021YFD2000403)和現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系建設(shè)專(zhuān)項(xiàng)資金項(xiàng)目(CARS-01)


Design and Test of Seed Reducer for Air-fed Rice-Wheat High-speed Seeder Based on CFD-DEM
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    摘要:

    針對(duì)氣送式稻麥兼用型高速播種機(jī)作業(yè)時(shí)種子輸送速度快造成投種精度低、投種不穩(wěn)定等問(wèn)題,設(shè)計(jì)了一種基于旋風(fēng)減速原理的種子減速器。采用CFD-DEM耦合仿真方法進(jìn)行單因素試驗(yàn),確定主要結(jié)構(gòu)因素并選取適宜尺寸區(qū)間。為確定種子減速器結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù),基于單因素試驗(yàn)結(jié)果開(kāi)展了Box-Behnken正交組合仿真試驗(yàn),結(jié)果表明:最佳結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸為圓筒直徑D為82.352mm,圓筒長(zhǎng)度Ht為101.364mm,排氣口直徑DP為25.0002mm,錐筒長(zhǎng)度Hz為67.9025mm,此時(shí)秈稻種子出種口流速V1和種子豎直速度V2分別為5.212m/s和0.462m/s;粳稻種子出種口流速V1和種子豎直速度V2分別為5.339m/s和0.473m/s;小麥種子出種口流速V1和種子豎直速度V2分別為5.341m/s和0.408m/s。臺(tái)架驗(yàn)證試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,在出種口處秈稻種子豎直速度為0.411m/s,粳稻種子豎直速度為0.452m/s,小麥種子豎直速度為0.457m/s,與仿真試驗(yàn)結(jié)果較符合。條播性能臺(tái)架試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,有種子減速器時(shí)排種成條效果明顯優(yōu)于無(wú)種子減速器情況,而且秈稻、粳稻和小麥排量均勻性變異系數(shù)分別由無(wú)種子減速器時(shí)41.61%、25%和37.84%依次降至9.10%、8.42%和8.49%,滿足種子減速器性能要求。研究結(jié)果可為后續(xù)提高氣送式稻麥兼用型播種機(jī)播種性能提供指導(dǎo)。

    Abstract:

    In order to solve the problems of low seed feeding accuracy and unstable seed feeding caused by the fast seed conveying speed of the air-fed rice-wheat dual-purpose high-speed seeder, a seed reducer based on the principle of cyclone deceleration was designed. The CFD-DEM coupling simulation method was used to carry out a single factor test to determine the main structural factors and select the appropriate size range. In order to determine the structural parameters of the seed reducer, the Box-Bhnken orthogonal combination simulation test was carried out based on the single factor test results, and the results showed that the optimal structural dimensions were 82.352mm of cylinder diameter D, cylinder length Ht of 101.364mm, exhaust port diameter DP of 25.0002mm, cone length Hz of 67.9025mm, and the indica seed outlet flow velocity V1 and seed vertical velocity V2 were 5.212m/s and 0.462m/s, respectively. The seed flow velocity V1 and seed vertical velocity V2 of japonica rice were 5.339m/s and 0.473m/s, respectively. The flow velocity V1 and seed vertical velocity V2 of wheat seeds were 5.341m/s and 0.408m/s, respectively. The results of bench verification test showed that the vertical velocity of indica rice seeds was 0.411m/s, japonica rice seeds was 0.452m/s, and wheat seeds are 0.457m/s at the seed outlet, which was consistent with the simulation test results. It can be seen from the bench test of strip sowing performance that the effect of strip arrangement with seed reducer was significantly better than that without seed reducer, and the coefficient of variation of displacement uniformity of indica, japonica rice and wheat was decreased from 41.61%, 25% and 37.84% without seed reducer to 9.10%, 8.42% and 8.49%, respectively, which met the performance requirements of seed reducer. The results can provide guidance for improving the seeding performance of air-fed rice-wheat seeder in the future.

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臧英,張美林,黃子順,姜有聰,錢(qián)誠(chéng),王在滿.基于CFD-DEM的氣送式稻麥兼用型高速播種機(jī)種子減速器設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2025,56(5):222-234. ZANG Ying, ZHANG Meilin, HUANG Zishun, JIANG Youcong, QIAN Cheng, WANG Zaiman. Design and Test of Seed Reducer for Air-fed Rice-Wheat High-speed Seeder Based on CFD-DEM[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2025,56(5):222-234.

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  • 收稿日期:2024-12-22
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2025-05-10
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