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板結(jié)羊草地折翼式松土鏟優(yōu)化設(shè)計與試驗
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國家重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2022YFD2001903)、中央高校基本科研業(yè)務(wù)費專項資金項目(15053349)和國家自然科學(xué)基金項目(32360073)


Optimization Design and Experiment of Folded-wing Subsoiler for Compacted Leymus chinensis Grassland
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    摘要:

    適用于草地耕作的松土部件較為缺乏,為徹底打破草地土壤板結(jié)結(jié)構(gòu),設(shè)計了一種草地專用松土部件——折翼式松土鏟。以折翼式松土鏟的鏟柄滑切角、鏟翼寬度、鏟尖入土角為試驗因素,以耕作阻力、土壤坑形輪廓面積和壟形輪廓面積為目標(biāo)參數(shù)進行結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)優(yōu)化試驗;并對比分析了折翼式松土鏟和3種傳統(tǒng)松土鏟(鑿形鏟、棱形鏟、箭形鏟)對板結(jié)草地土壤的松土性能(壟形輪廓面積、坑形輪廓面積、土壤擾動系數(shù)、土壤蓬松度、翻垡率和地表平整度)。試驗結(jié)果表明,折翼式松土鏟結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)最優(yōu)組合為:鏟翼寬度40mm、鏟柄滑切角20°、鏟尖入土角20°,此時耕作阻力6140N,坑形輪廓面積160cm2,壟形輪廓面積68cm2。與3種傳統(tǒng)松土鏟相比,折翼式松土鏟作業(yè)后的草地表面更為平整,產(chǎn)生的翻垡較少,且均為小土塊翻垡;相同作業(yè)速度下折翼式松土鏟造成的坑形輪廓面積和土壤擾動系數(shù)均最大,而壟形輪廓面積、土壤蓬松度、翻垡率和地表平整度均最小,故折翼式松土鏟的草地松土性能優(yōu)于傳統(tǒng)的鑿形鏟、棱形鏟和箭形鏟。

    Abstract:

    There is a lack of soil loosening components suitable for grassland ploughing. To better break the compacted structure of grassland soil, a special soil loosening component for grassland was designed: a folded-wing subsoiler. Optimization of the combination of structural parameters was carried out by using the shank slip angle, wing width and tip entry angle of a folded-wing subsoiler as test factors, and tillage resistance, furrow contour area and ridge contour area as target parameters. The working performance (ridge contour area, pit contour area, soil disturbance coefficient, soil bulkiness, turning rate, and surface flatness) of the folded-wing subsoiler and three traditional subsoilers (chisel point, diamond point, and arrow point) in grassland soil was compared. The test results showed that the optimal combination of the structural parameters of the folded-wing subsoiler was as follows: the wing width was 40mm, the shank slip angle was 20°, and the tip entry angle was 20°. At this point, the optimal solution for the objective values was 6140N of tillage resistance, 160cm2 of pit contour area, 68cm2 of ridge contour area. Compared with the three traditional plough points, the surface of the grassland after the operation of the folded-wing subsoiler was more flat, and there were fewer turning pieces, and all of them were small pieces of soil; at the same operating speed, the pit contour area and soil disturbance coefficient caused by the folded-wing subsoiler were the largest, while the ridge contour area, soil bulkiness, turning rate and surface flatness were the smallest. Therefore, the grassland loosening performance of the folded-wing subsoiler was better than that of the traditional chisel point, diamond point, and arrow point. The research results can provide technical reference for the creation of key tillage components suitable for mechanized improvement of compacted grassland.

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張學(xué)寧,尤泳,王昭宇,張宇卓,廖洋洋,王得偉,王德成.板結(jié)羊草地折翼式松土鏟優(yōu)化設(shè)計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2025,56(5):213-221. ZHANG Xuening, YOU Yong, WANG Zhaoyu, ZHANG Yuzhuo, LIAO Yangyang, WANG Dewei, WANG Decheng. Optimization Design and Experiment of Folded-wing Subsoiler for Compacted Leymus chinensis Grassland[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2025,56(5):213-221.

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  • 收稿日期:2025-03-04
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2025-05-10
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