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基于區(qū)塊鏈的機采棉質量溯源模型研究
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國家重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2022YFD2002400)和兵團科技攻關計劃項目(2023AB014、2022DB003)


Traceability Model of Machine-picked Cotton Quality Based on Blockchain
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    摘要:

    隨著新疆地區(qū)棉花機械化采收的普及,機采棉質量追溯面臨數(shù)據孤島、信息共享滯后及全程監(jiān)控缺位等問題,導致籽棉到皮棉的質量追溯難以精準透明。為此,結合區(qū)塊鏈去中心化、不可篡改的特性與物聯(lián)網設備實時采集的協(xié)同優(yōu)勢,提出了基于區(qū)塊鏈的機采棉質量溯源模型。該模型引入了基于邏輯回歸的鏈下-鏈上協(xié)同數(shù)據查詢優(yōu)化,實現(xiàn)高頻數(shù)據智能預緩存,設計了結合強化學習與橢圓曲線加密的訪問控制模型,增強了數(shù)據安全性和隱私保護能力,最后,基于長安鏈開源區(qū)塊鏈平臺開發(fā)了機采棉質量溯源系統(tǒng)。系統(tǒng)性能測試結果表明,常規(guī)查詢場景下,本系統(tǒng)查詢時延從72.37ms縮短至60.14ms;高頻查詢場景下,查詢時延降至32.75ms,優(yōu)化效果隨數(shù)據量增長而提升,可以滿足用戶實時查詢需求。此外,通過明文敏感性與密鑰敏感性測試,密文平均變化率分別為87.78%和82.68%,確保了數(shù)據在跨機構協(xié)作過程中的隱私安全。該模型形成了“物聯(lián)網采集-區(qū)塊鏈存證-智能合約驗真-多級權限訪問”的閉環(huán)架構,滿足了企業(yè)對隱私數(shù)據的權限控制與安全共享需求,提高了信息檢索效率。

    Abstract:

    With the widespread adoption of mechanical cotton harvesting in Xinjiang, challenges such as data silos, delayed information sharing, and inadequate whole-process monitoring have hindered precise and transparent quality traceability from seed cotton to lint cotton. To address this, a blockchain-based quality traceability model for machine-harvested cotton was proposed by leveraging the decentralized and tamper-resistant features of blockchain technology and the real-time data acquisition capabilities of IoT devices. A logistic regression-based off-chain/on-chain collaborative data query optimization was introduced to achieve intelligent pre-caching of high-frequency data. Additionally, an access control model integrating reinforcement learning and elliptic curve cryptography was designed to enhance data security and privacy protection. The quality traceability system was developed on the ChainMaker open-source blockchain platform. Performance tests demonstrated that the system reduced query latency from 72.37ms to 60.14ms in regular scenarios and further decreased it to 32.75ms in high-frequency scenarios, with optimization efficiency improving as data volume increased, meeting real-time user query demands. In addition, through plaintext sensitivity and key sensitivity tests, confirming average ciphertext change rates of 87.78% and 82.68%, respectively. These results ensured the privacy and security of data during cross-institutional collaboration. The model established a closed-loop architecture of “IoT data collection-blockchain notarization-smart contract verification-multi-level access control” fulfilling enterprises’ requirements for privacy data permission management and secure sharing while enhancing information retrieval efficiency.

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劉康,張夢蕓,常金強,徐健康,宋宇涵,胡蓉.基于區(qū)塊鏈的機采棉質量溯源模型研究[J].農業(yè)機械學報,2025,56(5):141-149. LIU Kang, ZHANG Mengyun, CHANG Jinqiang, XU Jiankang, SONG Yuhan, HU Rong. Traceability Model of Machine-picked Cotton Quality Based on Blockchain[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2025,56(5):141-149.

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  • 收稿日期:2025-02-10
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2025-05-10
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