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興凱湖灌區(qū)農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)水足跡時(shí)空演變特征與水資源承載力評(píng)價(jià)
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Characteristics of Spatial and Temporal Evolution of Water Footprint of Agricultural Production and Evaluation of Water Resources Carrying Capacity in Xingkai Lake Irrigation District
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    摘要:

    為揭示三江平原地區(qū)水資源利用情況和用水結(jié)構(gòu),,實(shí)現(xiàn)區(qū)域水資源的高效利用,,本文引入水足跡計(jì)算的理論模型和水資源承載力評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo),量化了興凱湖灌區(qū)2001—2021年作物生產(chǎn)水足跡時(shí)空演變規(guī)律,、主控影響因素以及內(nèi)在驅(qū)動(dòng)機(jī)制,;預(yù)測(cè)了規(guī)劃年內(nèi)不同類型作物的灌溉用水量,并進(jìn)行了作物生產(chǎn)用水供需平衡及水資源承載力狀況評(píng)價(jià),。結(jié)果表明:作物生產(chǎn)總水足跡和藍(lán)水足跡呈現(xiàn)逐漸降低變化趨勢(shì),,而綠水足跡和灰水足跡呈現(xiàn)波動(dòng)變化趨勢(shì)。玉米水足跡總量無顯著變化,,整體保持相對(duì)穩(wěn)定水平,,而水稻、大豆和其他作物水足跡總量在不斷減少,。興凱湖灌區(qū)作物生產(chǎn)水足跡地區(qū)差異明顯,,東部地區(qū)年降水量相對(duì)較高,作物生產(chǎn)藍(lán)水足跡相對(duì)較低,,綠水足跡和灰水足跡則相對(duì)偏高,,需要特別關(guān)注西部地區(qū)的水資源使用。水資源承載力評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)中,,除了興凱湖農(nóng)場(chǎng)為臨界超載外,,其余農(nóng)場(chǎng)用水總量評(píng)價(jià),、地下水評(píng)價(jià)和綜合評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果為超載或嚴(yán)重超載,存在較為嚴(yán)重的缺水情況,,而八五六農(nóng)場(chǎng)缺水最嚴(yán)重,。興凱湖灌區(qū)水資源可持續(xù)利用狀況近年來有所改善,但時(shí)空差異明顯,,地區(qū)分布不均,,仍需結(jié)合區(qū)域內(nèi)資源稟賦和產(chǎn)業(yè)布局,不斷優(yōu)化作物種植結(jié)構(gòu),,提高水資源可持續(xù)利用水平,。

    Abstract:

    To reveal the water resource utilization and structure in the Sanjiang Plain region and achieve efficient use of regional water resources, theoretical models for calculating water footprints and indicators for evaluating water resource carrying capacity were introduced. The spatiotemporal evolution of crop production water footprints, dominant influencing factors, and internal driving mechanisms in the Xingkai Lake Irrigation District from 2001 to 2021 was quantified. The irrigation water demand for different types of crops within the planned year was also forecasted and the balance of crop production water footprints, dominant influencing factors, and internal driving mechanisms in the Xingkai Lake Irrigation District from 2001 to 2021 was evaluated. It also predicted the irrigation water demand for different types of crops within the planned year and evaluated the balance of crop production water demand and supply, as well as the status of water resource carrying capacity. The results indicated that the total water footprint and blue water footprint for crop production showed a gradually decreasing trend, while the green water footprint and gray water footprint exhibited a fluctuating trend. The total water footprint of corn remained unchanged, maintaining a relatively stable level, whereas the water footprint of rice, soybeans, and other crops continued to decrease. There were significant regional differences in the crop production water footprint in the Xingkai Lake Irrigation District. The eastern region, with relatively higher annual precipitation, had a lower blue water footprint for crop production, but relatively higher green and gray water footprints. Special attention needed to be paid to the water resource use in the western region. In the evaluation of water resource carrying capacity indicators, except for the Xingkai Lake Farm, which was critically overloaded, the results of the total water use evaluation, groundwater evaluation, and comprehensive evaluation for the remaining farms were overloaded or severely overloaded, indicating a serious water shortage situation, with the 856 Farm suffering the most severe water scarcity. Although the sustainable use of water resources in the Xingkai Lake Irrigation District improved in recent years, there were obvious spatiotemporal differences and uneven regional distribution. It was still necessary to continuously optimize the crop planting structure and improve the level of sustainable water resource use in conjunction with the regional resource endowment and industrial layout.

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宋林霖,王紅姝,許耀文.興凱湖灌區(qū)農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)水足跡時(shí)空演變特征與水資源承載力評(píng)價(jià)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2025,56(3):437-450. SONG Linlin, WANG Hongshu, XU Yaowen. Characteristics of Spatial and Temporal Evolution of Water Footprint of Agricultural Production and Evaluation of Water Resources Carrying Capacity in Xingkai Lake Irrigation District[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2025,56(3):437-450.

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  • 收稿日期:2024-09-04
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2025-03-10
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