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外凸擾種仿形型孔氣吸式水稻芽種精量排種器設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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國(guó)家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2022YFD2300305),、湖南省教育廳科研項(xiàng)目(22B0188)和水稻節(jié)水栽培技術(shù)與裝備研發(fā)項(xiàng)目(湘財(cái)農(nóng)指【2024】39號(hào))


Design and Experiment of Precision Seed Metering Device for Rice Bud Seed with Protruding Disturbing Species
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    摘要:

    針對(duì)水稻芽種播種過(guò)程中種群堆積,、稻種含水率較高不易被吸附等問(wèn)題,設(shè)計(jì)了一種外凸擾種仿形型孔氣吸式水稻芽種精量排種器,。以南方普遍推廣的“Y兩優(yōu)1號(hào)”型雜交稻為研究對(duì)象,,根據(jù)其機(jī)械物理特性,,對(duì)外凸擾種仿形型孔結(jié)構(gòu)與幾何參數(shù)進(jìn)行了設(shè)計(jì);對(duì)芽種充種和投種過(guò)程進(jìn)行了動(dòng)力學(xué)和運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)分析,,得到了工作轉(zhuǎn)速和工作負(fù)壓范圍,;基于CFD-DEM流固耦合理論,將吸附力作為試驗(yàn)指標(biāo)進(jìn)行了吸附性能仿真試驗(yàn),,確定吸附力最大的吸孔直徑為1.4 mm,,同時(shí)將水稻芽種平均速度作為評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)進(jìn)行了擾種性能仿真試驗(yàn),當(dāng)工作轉(zhuǎn)速為10~50 r/min,、工作負(fù)壓為1.2 kPa,、吸孔直徑為1.4 mm時(shí),具有外凸擾種仿形型孔排種盤(pán)擾動(dòng)能力較強(qiáng),,能有效減少種群堆積現(xiàn)象,;以該種吸孔為基礎(chǔ),選取工作轉(zhuǎn)速和工作負(fù)壓為試驗(yàn)因素,,以合格指數(shù)X1,、重播指數(shù)X2和漏播指數(shù)X3為評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo),開(kāi)展了兩因素全因子臺(tái)架試驗(yàn),。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:當(dāng)工作轉(zhuǎn)速為25 r/min、工作負(fù)壓為1.24 kPa時(shí),,排種器合格指數(shù)為92.64%,,重播指數(shù)為2.57%,漏播指數(shù)為4.79%,;試制氣吸式水稻芽種精量直播機(jī)并進(jìn)行田間播種試驗(yàn),,測(cè)得各行合格指數(shù)平均值為92.86%,重播指數(shù)平均值為2.72%,,漏播指數(shù)平均值為4.42%,,穴距合格率平均值為90.57%,各行排量一致性變異系數(shù)為3.12%,,總排量穩(wěn)定性變異系數(shù)為1.89%,,各項(xiàng)評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)均滿足水稻芽種精量直播種植要求,為水稻芽種播種提供了理論基礎(chǔ),。

    Abstract:

    Aiming at the problems such as population accumulation and high water content of rice seed which are not easy to be adsorbed during seeding process, a kind of airi-suction rice seed precision discharge device with convex and disturbed seed copying hole was designed. According to the mechanical and physical characteristics of Yliangyou No.1 hybrid rice, which is widely used in South China, the structure and geometric parameters of the profile-shaped hole were designed rationally. The dynamic and kinematic analysis of filling and seeding process was carried out, and the range of working speed and working negative pressure was obtained. Based on the fluid-structure coupling theory of CFD-DEM, the adsorption force was taken as the test index, and the adsorption performance simulation tests of seven diameters were carried out. The suction hole diameter with the largest adsorption force was determined to be 1.4 mm. At the same time, the average velocity of rice bud seed was taken as the evaluation index, and the simulation test of disturbed seed performance was carried out. Under the conditions of working speed 10~50 r/min, working negative pressure 1.2 kPa and suction hole diameter 1.4 mm, the disturbance ability of the seed plate with convex species copying hole was strong, which could effectively reduce the population accumulation phenomenon. Based on this suction hole, the working speed and working negative pressure were selected as test factors, and the qualification index X1, replay index X2 and missing sowing index X3 were evaluated. The two-factor full factor bench tests were carried out. The test results showed that when the working speed was 25 r/min and the working negative pressure was 1.24 kPa, the qualified index of the seed feeder was 92.64%, the replay index was 2.57%, and the missing sowing index was 4.79%. The results showed that the average qualified index of each line was 92.86%, the average reseeding index was 2.72%, the average missing sowing index was 4.42%, the average qualified rate of hole distance was 90.57%, and the coefficient of consistency of discharge of each line was 3.12%. The coefficient of variation of total displacement stability was 1.89%, and all the evaluation indexes met the planting requirements of rice bud seed precision direct seeding, which provided a certain theoretical basis for rice bud seed seeding.

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羅海峰,劉光輝,吳明亮,張和,王成偉,蔣嘯虎.外凸擾種仿形型孔氣吸式水稻芽種精量排種器設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2025,56(3):227-239. LUO Haifeng, LIU Guanghui, WU Mingliang, ZHANG He, WANG Chengwei, JIANG Xiaohu. Design and Experiment of Precision Seed Metering Device for Rice Bud Seed with Protruding Disturbing Species[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2025,56(3):227-239.

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  • 收稿日期:2024-08-14
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2025-03-10
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