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可變輪軸距全向移動大田作物表型信息獲取機(jī)器人底盤設(shè)計與試驗
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國家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計劃項目(2021YFD2000105)和中國機(jī)械工業(yè)集團(tuán)有限公司青年科技基金項目(QNJJ-PY-2022-31)


Design and Experiment of Robot Chassis for Information Acquisition with Variable Wheelbase Omnidirectional Movement
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    摘要:

    為進(jìn)一步提升表型信息獲取機(jī)器人底盤通用性、機(jī)動性等田間行駛性能,,結(jié)合我國大田作物表型信息獲取實際需求,,設(shè)計了一種移動式可變輪軸距信息獲取機(jī)器人底盤。根據(jù)大田作物田間種植農(nóng)藝需求和行駛地形路況,,確定機(jī)器人底盤整機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu),、工作原理以及技術(shù)參數(shù);開展底盤驅(qū)動系統(tǒng),、動力系統(tǒng),、減震懸架等關(guān)鍵部件設(shè)計,并進(jìn)行元件選型與參數(shù)校核;開發(fā)底盤變輪軸距行走控制系統(tǒng),,確定輪距調(diào)整和行走轉(zhuǎn)向控制邏輯,;試制樣機(jī)進(jìn)行機(jī)器人底盤性能試驗。試驗結(jié)果表明,,表型信息獲取機(jī)器人底盤直線行駛性能良好,,硬質(zhì)地面平均偏駛率小于0.60%,田間地面平均偏駛率小于1.26%,;底盤轉(zhuǎn)向機(jī)動性能良好,,硬質(zhì)地面原地轉(zhuǎn)向單圈偏移量小于3.52 mm,阿克曼轉(zhuǎn)向轉(zhuǎn)彎半徑小于1.76 m,,田間地面原地轉(zhuǎn)向單圈偏移量小于5.18 mm,,阿克曼轉(zhuǎn)向轉(zhuǎn)彎半徑小于1.77 m;變輪距精度良好,,最大輪距誤差小于0.01 m,,可適應(yīng)不同行距作物;通過性能良好,,可翻越120 mm垂直障礙,,滿足田埂地頭復(fù)雜路況行走要求。機(jī)器人底盤整機(jī)工作性能滿足大田地形管理作業(yè)要求,,可為小麥,、玉米、露地蔬菜田間管理作業(yè)的有效實施提供應(yīng)用平臺和技術(shù)支撐,。

    Abstract:

    Aiming to further improve the versatility, mobility, and field performance of the phenotypic information acquisition robot chassis, a mobile variable-track chassis was designed based on the actual needs of field crop phenotypic information acquisition in China. Firstly, the overall structure, working principle, and technical parameters of the chassis were established according to the agronomic requirements for field crop planting and driving terrain conditions. Next, the design of key components, such as the chassis drive system, power system, and shock absorption suspension, was carried out, along with component selection and parameter verification. A chassis variable-track walking control system was developed, determining the control logic for track adjustment and walking transformation. Finally, a prototype was built to conduct performance tests. The results showed that the chassis exhibited excellent straight-line driving performance, with an average deviation rate of less than 0.60% on hard surfaces and less than 1.26% on field surfaces. It demonstrated good steering maneuverability, with a single turn offset less than 3.52 mm for in-place turning on hard surfaces, an Ackermann steering turning radius less than 1.76 m, and a single turn offset less than 5.18 mm for in-place turning on field surfaces, along with an Ackermann steering turning radius less than 1.77 m. The variable-track width accuracy was also commendable, with maximum track error less than 0.01 m, making it adaptable to crops with different row spacings. The chassis showed good passability, capable of overcoming 120 mm vertical obstacles, thus meeting the requirements for navigating complex terrain like field ridges and headlands. Overall, the machine’s performance met the requirements for field terrain management operations, providing a comprehensive application platform and technical support for effective field management in wheat, corn, and open field vegetable cultivation.

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鹿昆磊,韓振浩,朱立成,馮旭光,陳曦,王瑞雪.可變輪軸距全向移動大田作物表型信息獲取機(jī)器人底盤設(shè)計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報,2025,56(3):27-38. LU Kunlei, HAN Zhenhao, ZHU Licheng, FENG Xuguang, CHEN Xi, WANG Ruixue. Design and Experiment of Robot Chassis for Information Acquisition with Variable Wheelbase Omnidirectional Movement[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2025,56(3):27-38.

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  • 收稿日期:2024-10-09
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2025-03-10
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