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有機(jī)無機(jī)肥配施對(duì)冬小麥農(nóng)田溫室氣體排放與氮肥利用效率的影響
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國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(51809105),、河南省軟科學(xué)研究計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(242400410513),、水利部重大科技項(xiàng)目( SKR 2022020)、黃河水利科學(xué)研究院科技發(fā)展基金專項(xiàng)(HKF202316)和中央級(jí)公益性科研院所基本科研業(yè)務(wù)項(xiàng)目(HKY-JBYW-2023-26)


Effects of Combined Application of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizer on Greenhouse Gas Emission and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Winter Wheat Farmland
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    摘要:

    為探求冬小麥農(nóng)田減排優(yōu)產(chǎn)高效的施肥模式,以冬小麥(小偃22)為研究對(duì)象,設(shè)置不施肥(KB),常規(guī)施肥(NP),有機(jī)肥等氮替代25%(25%OF),、50%(50%OF),、75%(75%OF)、100%(100%OF)無機(jī)肥共6個(gè)處理,探究不同有機(jī)無機(jī)肥配施比例對(duì)冬小麥農(nóng)田溫室氣體排放,、產(chǎn)量及氮肥利用效率的影響,。結(jié)果表明,兩個(gè)冬小麥生長(zhǎng)期,各施肥處理中75%OF和25%OF處理CO2平均累積排放量最低,分別比NP減少7.62%和15.31%,CO2排放通量具有夏季升高、冬季降低的特征,。NP處理CH4累積吸收量最高,100%OF處理CH4累積吸收量最低,有機(jī)無機(jī)肥配施處理隨著有機(jī)肥配施比例的增加對(duì)CH4的吸收呈減少趨勢(shì),。75%OF和100%OF處理N2O累積排放量最低,兩年平均累積排放量分別比NP減少92.94%和159.47%。75%OF處理全球綜合增溫潛勢(shì)(GWP)和溫室氣體排放強(qiáng)度(GHGI)均為最低,分別比NP降低27.19%和41.38%,。與NP相比,50%OF和75%OF處理冬小麥產(chǎn)量在2018—2020年分別增加15.78%~17.73%和18.64%~23.07%,。與NP相比,75%OF處理顯著提高了冬小麥氮素吸收量和氮肥利用效率。綜合考慮生態(tài)因素和經(jīng)濟(jì)因素,以有機(jī)肥等氮替代75%無機(jī)肥是西北地區(qū)既能實(shí)現(xiàn)溫室氣體減排又能保證冬小麥優(yōu)產(chǎn)高效的較優(yōu)施肥模式,。

    Abstract:

    In order to explore the fertilization mode of emission reduction, superior yield and high efficiency, taking winter wheat (Xiaoyan 22) as the research object, the experiment set six treatments: no fertilization ( KB ), conventional fertilization ( NP ), and organic fertilizer substituting 25% (25% OF),50% (50% OF), 75% (75% OF), and 100% (100% OF) of inorganic fertilizer on equal nitrogen basis, was used to analyze the effects of different proportions of combined organic and inorganic fertilizer application on greenhouse gas emissions, yield, and nitrogen use efficiency in winter wheat farmland, put forward the combined organic-inorganic fertilization mode with the goal of emission reduction, superior yield and high efficiency. The results showed that in the two winter wheat growing seasons, the average cumulative CO2 emissions of 75% OF and 25% OF were the lowest, which was decreased by 7.62% and 15.31% compared with that of NP, respectively. The CO2 emission flux was increased in summer and decreased in winter. Among all fertilization treatments, NP had the highest CH4 absorption, while 100% OF had the lowest CH4 absorption. The absorption of CH4 in soil was decreased with the increase of the amount of organic fertilizer. The cumulative N2 O emissions of 75% OF and 100% OF were the lowest, which was decreased by 92.94% and 159.47% compared with that of NP, respectively. The global warming potential (GWP) and greenhouse gas intensity (GHGI) of 75% OF were the lowest, which was decreased by 27.19% and 41.38% compared with NP, respectively. Compared with NP, the winter wheat yield of 50% OF and 75% OF was increased by 15.78% ~ 17.73% and 18.64% ~ 23.07% , respectively, from 2018 to 2020. Compared with conventional fertilization, 75% OF significantly increased the nitrogen uptake and nitrogen utilization efficiency of winter wheat. Considering the economic and ecological factors, replacing 75% inorganic fertilizer with organic fertilizer can take into account the requirements of emission reduction, superior yield and high efficiency, and provide a reference for the better fertilization mode of winter wheat in Northwest China.

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馬朋輝,宋常吉,宋靜茹,陳偉偉,楊健,方鳴遠(yuǎn),吳玉磊,胡亞瑾.有機(jī)無機(jī)肥配施對(duì)冬小麥農(nóng)田溫室氣體排放與氮肥利用效率的影響[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2025,56(2):474-484. MA Penghui, SONG Changji, SONG Jingru, CHEN Weiwei, YANG Jian, FANG Mingyuan, WU Yulei, HU Yajin. Effects of Combined Application of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizer on Greenhouse Gas Emission and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Winter Wheat Farmland[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2025,56(2):474-484.

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  • 收稿日期:2024-10-30
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2025-02-10
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