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田間水稻育秧機取泥裝置控制系統(tǒng)研究
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安徽省高校自然科學(xué)研究重大項目(2023AH040137),、安徽省科技重大專項項目(202203A06020004)和安徽省高校協(xié)同創(chuàng)新項目(23108207)


Control System of Mud Collection Device for Rice Seedling Cultivation Machines
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    摘要:

    南方丘陵山區(qū)地塊小而分散,通常采用田間取泥育秧方式。機械化取泥雖可以降低成本,、節(jié)省時間和勞動力,提高秧苗適應(yīng)性,但由于水田硬底層和泥漿表面不平,作業(yè)參數(shù)難以動態(tài)調(diào)節(jié),導(dǎo)致取泥量不穩(wěn)定,難以實現(xiàn)連續(xù)田間取泥育秧作業(yè),。本文運用Matlab/Simulink建立取泥控制系統(tǒng)模型,以泥漿質(zhì)量為控制目標,以取泥深度和螺旋輸送器轉(zhuǎn)速為被控變量,采用模糊PID控制方法設(shè)計取泥控制系統(tǒng)仿真模型,并進行仿真。仿真結(jié)果表明,當前進速度為0.15m/s時,取泥控制系統(tǒng)儲泥箱中泥漿質(zhì)量穩(wěn)定時間為18s,超調(diào)量為0.125%,。為驗證取泥控制系統(tǒng)作業(yè)效果,搭建了基于位移傳感器,、壓力傳感器、傾角傳感器和PLC1200控制器的取泥試驗臺架,以取泥裝置前進速度,、地面平整度為試驗因素開展臺架試驗,試驗結(jié)果表明,泥漿質(zhì)量最大標準偏差為0.46kg,最小標準偏差為0.21kg,儲泥箱最大泥漿質(zhì)量為8.8kg,最小泥漿質(zhì)量為7.1kg,作業(yè)過程中螺旋輸送器前端未出現(xiàn)泥漿堆積,各項作業(yè)指標均滿足田間取泥育秧裝備作業(yè)要求,。

    Abstract:

    In the fragmented and small-scale fields of southern hilly regions, field-based mud collection is crucial for rice seedling cultivation. While mechanized mud collection can reduce costs, save time and labor, and improve seedling adaptability, challenges such as the hard underlying layer and uneven mud surface in paddy fields complicate dynamic adjustment of operational parameters. This results in unstable mud collection quantities and difficulties in achieving continuous field-based mud collection and seedling cultivation. A control system model for mud collection was developed by using Matlab / Simulink, targeting mud mass as the control objective, with mud collection depth and spiral conveyor speed as controlled variables, employing a fuzzy PID control approach. Simulation results showed that at a forward speed of 0.15 m / s, the mud mass in the storage tank was stabilized within 18 s, with an overshoot of 0.125% . To validate the system’s performance, a test rig equipped with displacement, pressure, and tilt sensors, and a PLC1200 controller was constructed. Experimental results indicated that the maximum standard deviation of mud mass was 0.46 kg, with a minimum of 0.21 kg;the maximum and minimum mud masses in the storage tank were 8.8 kg and 7.1 kg, respectively. The system effectively met field operational requirements, with no mud accumulation observed at the front end of the spiral conveyor. The successful implementation of this control system enabled more efficient and simplified rice cultivation. This system can provide a promising solution for improving agricultural productivity in fragmented and challenging terrains.

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況福明,姬傲,何箐,王俊,熊瑋,朱德泉,鄭泉.田間水稻育秧機取泥裝置控制系統(tǒng)研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2025,56(2):290-304. KUANG Fuming, JI Ao, HE Jing, WANG Jun, XIONG Wei, ZHU Dequan, ZHENG Quan. Control System of Mud Collection Device for Rice Seedling Cultivation Machines[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2025,56(2):290-304.

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  • 收稿日期:2024-08-26
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2025-02-10
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