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基于全狀態(tài)反饋控制的農(nóng)機(jī)自動(dòng)駕駛曲線(xiàn)路徑跟蹤方法
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井岡山農(nóng)高區(qū)省級(jí)科技專(zhuān)項(xiàng)“揭榜掛帥冶項(xiàng)目(20222 051252)和廣東省科技計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2023B0202010023)


Curve Path Tracking Control of Agricultural Machinery Automatic Driving Based on Full State Feedbock Control
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    摘要:

    不規(guī)則農(nóng)田中,沿曲線(xiàn)路徑作業(yè)可有效提高無(wú)人化農(nóng)機(jī)作業(yè)適用性。針對(duì)當(dāng)前無(wú)人化作業(yè)曲邊農(nóng)田作業(yè)覆蓋率低的問(wèn)題,本文提出一種基于全狀態(tài)反饋控制的曲線(xiàn)路徑跟蹤控制方法。構(gòu)建一個(gè)以橫向偏差、航向偏差和航向增量作為狀態(tài)向量的三階全狀態(tài)反饋控制器。將系統(tǒng)線(xiàn)性化并轉(zhuǎn)換為空間矩陣形式,在滿(mǎn)足系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定性約束的條件下求解增益矩陣,從而獲取前輪轉(zhuǎn)角。基于Matlab/Simulink仿真環(huán)境對(duì)控制器性能進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證,結(jié)果表明,補(bǔ)償后平均絕對(duì)誤差相較于補(bǔ)償前算法降低31%,最大絕對(duì)誤差降低17.9%。為驗(yàn)證本文所提方法,設(shè)計(jì)了3組田間試驗(yàn)。變曲率路徑試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,當(dāng)農(nóng)機(jī)作業(yè)速度為0.7m/s時(shí),橫向偏差最大值為0.0705m,絕對(duì)誤差為0.0218m,標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差為0.0234m,航向偏差最大值為12.25°,絕對(duì)誤差為1.37°,標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差為1.68°;定曲率路徑試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,橫向偏差最大值為0.1034m,絕對(duì)誤差為0.0424m,標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差為0.0477m,航向偏差最大值為8.9°,絕對(duì)誤差為1.86°,標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差為2.45°;沿曲邊田埂跟蹤試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,橫向偏差最大值為0.0597m,絕對(duì)誤差為0.0123m,標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差為0.0158m,航向偏差最大值為7.01°,絕對(duì)誤差為1.85°,標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差為2.49°。跟蹤精度均能滿(mǎn)足作業(yè)需求,研究結(jié)果為無(wú)人農(nóng)機(jī)進(jìn)行復(fù)雜多變的曲邊作業(yè)提供了理論和技術(shù)支撐。

    Abstract:

    Working on irregular farmland along a curved path can effectively improve the applicability of unmanned agricultural machinery operations. Aiming at the problem of low coverage of unmanned curved farmland operations, a curved path tracking control method was proposed based on full-state feedback control. A third-order full-state feedback controller with lateral deviation, heading deviation and heading increment as state vectors was constructed. The system was linearized and converted into a spatial matrix form. The gain matrix was solved under the condition of satisfying the system stability constraint to obtain the front wheel steering angle. The front wheel steering angle was compensated according to the curvature of the nearest path point. The controller performance was verified based on the Matlab / Simulink simulation environment. The results showed that the average absolute error after compensation was reduced by 31% compared with that of the algorithm before compensation, and the maximum absolute error was reduced by 17.9% . Three sets of field experiments were designed to verify the proposed method. The test results of variable curvature path showed that when the operating speed of agricultural machinery was 0.7 m/ s, the maximum lateral deviation was 0.070 5 m, the absolute error was 0.021 8 m, the standard deviation was 0.023 4 m, the maximum heading deviation was 12.25°, the absolute error was1.37°, and the standard deviation was 1.68°;the test results of fixed curvature path showed that the maximum lateral deviation was 0.103 4 m, the absolute error was 0.042 4 m, the standard deviation was0.047 7 m, the maximum heading deviation was 8.9°, the absolute error was 1.86°, and the standard deviation was 2.45°;the results of tracking test along curved ridges showed that the maximum lateral deviation was 0.059 7 m, the absolute error was 0.012 3 m, the standard deviation was 0.015 8 m, the maximum heading deviation was 7.01°, the absolute error was 1.85°, and the standard deviation was 2.49°. The tracking accuracy can meet the operational requirements. The research results can provide theoretical and technical support for unmanned agricultural machinery to perform complex and changeable curved edge operations.

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何杰,劉善琪,滿(mǎn)忠賢,岳孟東,王靖霆,汪沛,胡煉.基于全狀態(tài)反饋控制的農(nóng)機(jī)自動(dòng)駕駛曲線(xiàn)路徑跟蹤方法[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2025,56(2):145-154. HE Jie, LIU Shanqi, MAN Zhongxian, YUE Mengdong, WANG Jingting, WANG Pei, HU Lian. Curve Path Tracking Control of Agricultural Machinery Automatic Driving Based on Full State Feedbock Control[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2025,56(2):145-154.

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  • 收稿日期:2024-11-12
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  • 在線(xiàn)發(fā)布日期: 2025-02-10
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