17.7°,。利用離散元仿真分析確定排種器關(guān)鍵部分結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸以及摩擦盤(pán)較優(yōu)的轉(zhuǎn)速范圍(種溝夾角β為30°,、型孔輪摩擦角γ為14°,,摩擦盤(pán)轉(zhuǎn)速為20~28 r/min時(shí)漏播率最低),。通過(guò)受力分析,、仿真分析以及實(shí)際作業(yè)情況確定排種器關(guān)鍵結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)范圍,。以摩擦盤(pán)轉(zhuǎn)速、型孔輪轉(zhuǎn)速,、撥片間隙為試驗(yàn)因素,,以粒距合格率、漏播率,、重播率為評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo),,進(jìn)行三因素三水平的回歸響應(yīng)面試驗(yàn),通過(guò)建立回歸方程及響應(yīng)面數(shù)學(xué)模型分析各工作參數(shù)對(duì)試驗(yàn)指標(biāo)的影響,。通過(guò)參數(shù)優(yōu)化得到最佳工作參數(shù)為型孔輪轉(zhuǎn)速6 r/min,、摩擦盤(pán)轉(zhuǎn)速24 r/min、撥片間隙3.1 mm,,并對(duì)該試驗(yàn)組合進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證試驗(yàn),,得到粒距合格率為89.13%、漏播率為4.83%,、重播率為6.04%,,試驗(yàn)結(jié)果與預(yù)測(cè)值差異約1個(gè)百分點(diǎn),滿足小麥精少量作業(yè)要求,,研究結(jié)果可為小區(qū)小麥精密排種器研究提供技術(shù)支撐,。"/>

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摩擦調(diào)節(jié)式小區(qū)小麥精密排種器設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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新疆小麥產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系項(xiàng)目(XJARS-01-10)


Design and Experiment of Friction Adjustable Precision Seed Feeder Device for Wheat Experimental Sowing
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    摘要:

    針對(duì)目前型孔輪式小麥排種器漏播率高等問(wèn)題,,設(shè)計(jì)了一種摩擦調(diào)節(jié)式小區(qū)小麥精密排種器,。通過(guò)對(duì)單粒種子排種過(guò)程進(jìn)行受力分析,確定排種器種溝夾角β>17.7°。利用離散元仿真分析確定排種器關(guān)鍵部分結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸以及摩擦盤(pán)較優(yōu)的轉(zhuǎn)速范圍(種溝夾角β為30°,、型孔輪摩擦角γ為14°,,摩擦盤(pán)轉(zhuǎn)速為20~28 r/min時(shí)漏播率最低)。通過(guò)受力分析,、仿真分析以及實(shí)際作業(yè)情況確定排種器關(guān)鍵結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)范圍,。以摩擦盤(pán)轉(zhuǎn)速、型孔輪轉(zhuǎn)速,、撥片間隙為試驗(yàn)因素,,以粒距合格率、漏播率,、重播率為評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo),,進(jìn)行三因素三水平的回歸響應(yīng)面試驗(yàn),通過(guò)建立回歸方程及響應(yīng)面數(shù)學(xué)模型分析各工作參數(shù)對(duì)試驗(yàn)指標(biāo)的影響,。通過(guò)參數(shù)優(yōu)化得到最佳工作參數(shù)為型孔輪轉(zhuǎn)速6 r/min,、摩擦盤(pán)轉(zhuǎn)速24 r/min、撥片間隙3.1 mm,,并對(duì)該試驗(yàn)組合進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證試驗(yàn),,得到粒距合格率為89.13%、漏播率為4.83%,、重播率為6.04%,,試驗(yàn)結(jié)果與預(yù)測(cè)值差異約1個(gè)百分點(diǎn),滿足小麥精少量作業(yè)要求,,研究結(jié)果可為小區(qū)小麥精密排種器研究提供技術(shù)支撐,。

    Abstract:

    Aiming at the high missing seed rate problem in the current hole-type wheel precision seed feeder, a friction adjustable precision seeder was designed for experimental sowing of wheat. Through the stress analysis of single seed seeding process, it was determined that the seed groove angle β of the seeding device was greater than 17.7°. Discrete element simulations were employed to identify the structural dimensions of key components in the seeder and to determine the optimal rotational speed range for the friction plate (with a seed furrow angle β of 30° and a hole wheel friction angle γ of 14°, the missing seed rate was the lowest when the friction plate speed was ranged from 20 r/min to 28 r/min). Through force analysis, simulation analysis and actual operation, the size range of the key structure of the seed feeder was determined. The three factors and three levels of regression response surface tests were carried out with the friction plate speed, hole wheel speed and pick gap as the main working parameters, and the pass rate of grain spacing, the leakage rate and the replay rate as evaluation indexes. The effects of each working parameter on the test indexes were analyzed by establishing the regression equation and the response surface mathematical model. Through parameter optimization, the optimal working parameters were found to be a hole wheel rotational speed of 6 r/min, a friction plate rotational speed of 24 r/min, and the distance between the baffle and the mold hole was 3.1 mm. Validation tests on this experimental combination yielded a particle spacing qualification rate of 89.13%, a missing sowing rate of 4.83%, and a reseeding rate of 6.04%. The experimental results deviated from the predicted values by approximately 1 percentage points, meeting the operational requirements for precise and minimal wheat planting. The research findings can provide technical support for the development of precision seeders for wheat experimental sowing.

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謝建華,張洪梁,馮浩,黃偉榮,金姣陽(yáng),馬衛(wèi)彬.摩擦調(diào)節(jié)式小區(qū)小麥精密排種器設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2025,56(1):164-173. XIE Jianhua, ZHANG Hongliang, FENG Hao, HUANG Weirong, JIN Jiaoyang, MA Weibin. Design and Experiment of Friction Adjustable Precision Seed Feeder Device for Wheat Experimental Sowing[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2025,56(1):164-173.

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  • 收稿日期:2024-07-25
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2025-01-10
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