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基于DEM-MBD仿真的灘涂貝類振動采收設(shè)備設(shè)計與試驗
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國家重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2023YFD2400800)、遼寧省教育廳基本科研項目(LJ232410158048),、遼寧省本科高?;究蒲袠I(yè)務(wù)費項 目(2024JBPTZ002)和遼寧省教育廳項目(LJKFZ20220241)


Design and Testing of Mudflat Shellfish Vibrating Harvester Based on DEM-MBD Simulation
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    摘要:

    針對我國灘涂貝類機械化程度低、理論研究匱乏等問題,,設(shè)計了一種履帶式灘涂貝類篩-刷協(xié)同振動采收設(shè)備,,設(shè)備采用雙層振動篩-多級滾刷協(xié)同采收技術(shù)完成貝類挖掘、篩分,、輸送與分級等作業(yè),。以四角蛤蜊為研究對象,對雙層振動篩與一級人字形雙螺旋采收滾刷進(jìn)行理論分析,,推導(dǎo)其主要結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)與運行參數(shù)范圍,。基于離散元法與多體動力學(xué)耦合仿真方法開展灘涂貝類振動采收仿真研究,,確定設(shè)備關(guān)鍵結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù):雙層振動篩曲柄長度10 mm,,一級人字形雙螺旋采收滾刷螺旋升角30°。在遼寧省錦州市對樣機開展灘涂貝類采收田間試驗,,以設(shè)備曲柄轉(zhuǎn)速,、一級人字形雙螺旋采收滾刷轉(zhuǎn)速、二級清理滾刷轉(zhuǎn)速為試驗因素,,以貝類采收效率,、破碎率與漏采率為試驗指標(biāo)完成灘涂貝類采收正交試驗,求解設(shè)備運行參數(shù)最佳組合:曲柄轉(zhuǎn)速為 870 r/min,、一級人字形雙螺旋采收滾刷轉(zhuǎn)速為 65 r/min,、二級清理滾刷轉(zhuǎn)速為 110 r/min,貝類采收效率為133.80 kg/h,、貝類破碎率為5.25%,、貝類漏采率為7.46%。采收后50 mm深灘涂底質(zhì)剪切強度降低65.13%,,稚貝回灘率為92.29%,,有利于貝類可持續(xù)化養(yǎng)殖。該設(shè)備滿足灘涂貝類采收生產(chǎn)需求,,為我國灘涂貝類機械化采收裝備的設(shè)計提供了參考,。

    Abstract:

    To address the challenges of low mechanization and limited theoretical research in shellfish harvesting on Chinese mudflats, a crawler mudflat shellfish mechanized brush-screen cooperative vibration harvester was designed for harvesting mudflats shellfish. This device integrated a double-deck vibrating screen and multi-stage roller brush system to efficiently excavate, screen,and transport shellfish. The white clam was used as the research object. The theoretical analysis of the double-deck vibrating screen and the first double-spiral harvesting roller brush were conducted and the key structural and operational parameters were then calculated. The mudflat shellfish harvesting single-factor test was conducted by using discrete element method (DEM) and multi-body dynamics (MBD) coupled simulations. The identified key structural parameters included a crank length of 10 mm for the double-deck vibrating screen and a spiral angle of 30° for the first double-spiral harvesting roller brush. The prototype was developed, and mudflat shellfish harvesting orthogonal field tests were conducted in Jinzhou City, Liaoning Province. The tests considered operational parameters such as crank rotation speed, the first double-spiral harvesting roller brush rotation speed, and secondary cleaning roller brush rotation speed. The optimal parameter combination was determined to be a crank rotation speed of 870 r/min, the first double-spiral harvesting roller brush rotation speed of 65 r/min, and secondary cleaning roller brush rotation speed of 110 r/min. Under these conditions, the device achieved a clam harvesting efficiency of 133.80 kg/h, a clam breakage rate of 5.25%, and a clam missing rate of 7.46%. Post-harvest, the shear strength of the mudflat at a depth of 50 mm was decreased by 65.13%, and the juvenile clam return rate was 92.29%, supporting the sustainable cultivation of shellfish. This device met the production requirements for mudflat shellfish harvesting and it can serve as a valuable reference for the mechanization of shellfish harvesting in China.

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李航企,張國琛,劉法偉,李秀辰,王玉瑞,母剛.基于DEM-MBD仿真的灘涂貝類振動采收設(shè)備設(shè)計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2024,55(s2):361-370. LI Hangqi, ZHANG Guochen, LIU Fawei, LI Xiuchen, WANG Yurui, MU Gang. Design and Testing of Mudflat Shellfish Vibrating Harvester Based on DEM-MBD Simulation[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2024,55(s2):361-370.

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  • 收稿日期:2024-07-13
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2024-12-10
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