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軸向滾筒式鮮食玉米脫粒裝置優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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安徽省重點(diǎn)研究與開發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(202104a06020001)和國家級大學(xué)生創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)訓(xùn)練計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(202410879046)


Optimized Design and Test of Axial Roller Fresh Corn Threshing Device
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    摘要:

    針對我國鮮食玉米機(jī)械脫粒過程中存在籽粒破損率高的問題,,在已有脫粒裝置結(jié)構(gòu)的基礎(chǔ)上,,設(shè)計(jì)一種“柔性陀螺輥型 + 軸向滾筒變徑脫?!苯M合式的柔性變徑脫粒裝置,以實(shí)現(xiàn)高效脫粒,。在鮮食玉米果穗力學(xué)特性研究基礎(chǔ)上,,采用包切的設(shè)計(jì)理念,建立果穗力學(xué)模型并進(jìn)行理論分析,,同時針對鮮食玉米脫粒裝置的核心脫粒部件進(jìn)行有限元仿真分析,,確定影響脫粒性能的主要因素。根據(jù)理論分析和仿真結(jié)果設(shè)計(jì)脫粒樣機(jī),,開展脫粒性能試驗(yàn)。利用Design-Expert軟件設(shè)計(jì)三因素五水平二次回歸正交旋轉(zhuǎn)組合試驗(yàn),,以滾筒轉(zhuǎn)速,、陀螺輥轉(zhuǎn)速和轉(zhuǎn)軸軸距作為試驗(yàn)因素,以籽粒破損率,、果穗未脫凈率作為試驗(yàn)指標(biāo),。結(jié)果表明: 對籽粒破損率影響最大的因素為轉(zhuǎn)軸軸距,對果穗未脫凈率影響最大的因素為滾筒轉(zhuǎn)速;根據(jù)回歸方程模型,,最優(yōu)組合為:滾筒轉(zhuǎn)速106.630 r/min,、陀螺輥轉(zhuǎn)速230.001 r/min、轉(zhuǎn)軸軸距54.00 mm,。在此最優(yōu)組合下根據(jù)實(shí)際工況開展驗(yàn)證試驗(yàn),,經(jīng)3次平行試驗(yàn)得到實(shí)際籽粒破損率為(4.956±0.152)%、果穗未脫凈率為(4.158±0.085)%,,與預(yù)測值籽粒破損率5.033%,、果穗未脫凈率4.303%相差在5%范圍內(nèi),與參數(shù)優(yōu)化結(jié)果基本一致,,滿足鮮食玉米脫粒要求,。該研究可為鮮食玉米脫粒裝備優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)和選擇提供技術(shù)支持。

    Abstract:

    Aiming at the problem of high kernel breakage rate in the mechanical threshing process of fresh corn in China, on the basis of the existing threshing device structure, a “flexible gyroscopic roller + axial drum reducer threshing” combination of flexible reducer threshing device was designed to achieve high efficiency threshing. On the basis of the mechanical characteristics of fresh corn cob,,the design concept of package cutting was adopted to establish a mechanical model of cob and carry out theoretical analysis, and finite element simulation analysis was carried out for the core threshing parts of the fresh corn thresher to determine the main factors affecting the threshing performance.According to the theoretical analysis and simulation results, the threshing prototype was designed,,the threshing performance test was carried out. Design-Expert software was used to design a threefactor, five-level quadratic regression orthogonal rotary combination test, with drum speed, gyro roller speed and rotor axis distance as the test factors, and grain breakage rate and cob failure rate as the test indexes. The results showed that the biggest influence factor on the grain breakage rate was the axis distance of the rotary axis, and the biggest influence factor on the maize ear uncleaned rate was the drum rotational speed;according to the regression equation model, the optimal conditions were predicted as follows:drum rotational speed was 106.630 r/min, gyro roller rotational speed was 230.001 r/min, and rotary axis distance was 54.00 mm. The verification test was carried out according to the actual working conditions under the optimal conditions. After three parallel tests, the actual kernel breakage rate was (4.956±0.152)% , and the cob not stripped rate was (4.158±0.085)%, which was within 5% of the predicted kernel breakage rate of 5.033% and cob not stripped rate of 4.303%, which was basically in line with the optimization of the parameters and met the requirements of fresh corn threshing. The research result can provide technical support for the optimal design and selection of fresh corn threshing equipment.

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高朋飛,張新偉,姜春霞,易克傳,張曉龍,馬戰(zhàn)偉.軸向滾筒式鮮食玉米脫粒裝置優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報,2024,55(s2):145-156. GAO Pengfei, ZHANG Xinwei, JIANG Chunxia, YI Kechuan, ZHANG Xiaolong, MA Zhanwei. Optimized Design and Test of Axial Roller Fresh Corn Threshing Device[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2024,55(s2):145-156.

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  • 收稿日期:2024-06-07
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2024-12-10
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