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矮化密植核桃搖床采收機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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國(guó)家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2019YFD1002401-3)


Design and Testing of Shaker Harvester for Dwarf and Densely Planted Walnuts
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    摘要:

    針對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)矮化密植核桃樹采收機(jī)械適應(yīng)性差,、采摘效率低等問題,,設(shè)計(jì)了一臺(tái)履帶自走式搖床采收機(jī),。通過建立樹體振動(dòng)模型,,并進(jìn)行機(jī)構(gòu)運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)分析,設(shè)計(jì)了搖床關(guān)鍵部件,。通過搖床進(jìn)行了振動(dòng)試驗(yàn),,使用統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)方法分析了振動(dòng)參數(shù)與脫落率之間的顯著性關(guān)系,得到了滿足高脫落率作業(yè)要求的振動(dòng)參數(shù)下限,。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),,在一定范圍內(nèi)頻率影響脫落率的顯著性高于振幅、作業(yè)時(shí)長(zhǎng),,并且當(dāng)振幅小于60 mm,,增大頻率難以提高脫落率。最后,,通過試驗(yàn)檢驗(yàn)了脫落率為80%時(shí)對(duì)應(yīng)的振動(dòng)參數(shù)下限,,驗(yàn)證了結(jié)果準(zhǔn)確性及可靠性,。研究結(jié)果為搖床開發(fā)以及核桃采收作業(yè)提供了理論基礎(chǔ)。

    Abstract:

    Aiming at the problems of poor adaptability of harvesting machinery and low picking efficiency of domestic dwarfed and densely planted walnut trees, a crawler walking shaker was created. Firstly, by establishing a tree vibration model and conducting kinematic analysis of the mechanism, the key components of the shaker were designed, and the development of the whole machine was realized. Then vibration tests were carried out by the shaker, and the significance relationship between the vibration parameters and the shedding rate was analyzed by using statistical methods to obtain the lower limit of the vibration parameters to meet the requirements of high shedding rate operation. By analyzing the vibration response under different excitation parameters,,the correlation law between the excitation parameters and the shedding rate was given. The excitation parameters that significantly affected the shedding rate were quantified through linear regression and feature importance comparison, and finally the range of excitation parameters was visualized. It was found that within a certain range, the frequency affected the shedding rate more significantly than the amplitude and operation length, and it was difficult to increase the frequency to improve the shedding rate when the amplitude was lower than 60 mm. Finally, the lower limit of the vibration parameter corresponding to a shedding rate of 80% was tested to verify the accuracy and reliability of the results.The research result can provide a theoretical basis for the development of shakers and walnut harvesting operation. It also can provide a reliable range of excitation parameters for future walnut harvesting operations, aiming to improve harvesting efficiency and reduce harvesting costs, and can also guide the development of intelligent shakers and field harvesting operations.

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曹佳樂,徐道春,白效鵬,李文彬.矮化密植核桃搖床采收機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2024,55(s2):104-111. CAO Jiale, XU Daochun, BAI Xiaopeng, LI Wenbin. Design and Testing of Shaker Harvester for Dwarf and Densely Planted Walnuts[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2024,55(s2):104-111.

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  • 收稿日期:2024-07-28
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2024-12-10
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