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轉(zhuǎn)盤式板栗可見/近紅外光譜檢測分選系統(tǒng)研究
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國家自然科學基金項目(32102071)、中國博士后科學基金項目(2023M741724),、江蘇省農(nóng)業(yè)科技自主創(chuàng)新資金項目(CX(24)3051)和江蘇省高等學校大學生創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)訓練計劃項目(202410298018Z)


Research of Rotary Sorting System for Chestnuts Based on Visible/Near-infrared Spectroscopy
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    摘要:

    針對典型木本糧食板栗的現(xiàn)場非破壞快檢分選需求,,基于可見/近紅外光譜檢測分析技術,設計了轉(zhuǎn)盤式板栗在線檢測分選系統(tǒng),。該系統(tǒng)主要由上料單元,、光譜采集單元、控制單元,、分選單元和顯示單元組成,,上料單元振動盤經(jīng)試驗確定最佳頻率為150Hz,并聯(lián)合伺服電機對轉(zhuǎn)盤進行驅(qū)動,光譜采集單元以鹵素燈為光源,,應用微型光譜儀采集光譜信息,,控制方案經(jīng)對比后確定并行式執(zhí)行方案,基于QT平臺及C++語言開發(fā)單片機程序,,配合上位機開發(fā)的光譜采集軟件,,實現(xiàn)了光譜信息采集、處理,、顯示存儲以及分類,,分選執(zhí)行機構采用電磁推桿帶動擋板伸縮完成孔洞的開合。以遷西,、丹東,、玉溪板栗為對象,采集光譜并對比不同預處理方法分別建立產(chǎn)地與霉變的偏最小二乘判別(Partial least squares discriminant analysis,,PLS-DA)模型,,交叉驗證后產(chǎn)地模型預測集準確率為97.12%、霉變模型預測集判別準確率為94.74%,。最后將模型植入系統(tǒng)軟件后應用隨機預測集板栗進行測試,,產(chǎn)地與霉變判別分選準確率分別為93.83%和94.12%,最優(yōu)檢測分選速度為37顆/min,。結果表明,,本文設計的轉(zhuǎn)盤式板栗檢測分選系統(tǒng)效率高、采集穩(wěn)定,、檢測準確率高,,具備快速實現(xiàn)不同產(chǎn)地以及霉變板栗無損檢測分選功能。

    Abstract:

    There is a certain demand to carry out the on-site rapid and non-destructive detection and sorting of typical woody grain, i.e. chestnuts. Based on visible/near-infrared spectroscopy and analysis technology, a rotary chestnut online detection and sorting system was developed. This system mainly consisted of a feeding unit, a spectral acquisition unit, a control unit, a sorting unit, and a display unit. The experiment of vibration disk in the feeding unit determined that 150Hz was the optimal frequency, and a servo motor was connected to drive the disk. The halogen lamps were used as light sources and a micro-spectrometer was used to collect spectral information in the spectral acquisition unit. After comparison, a parallel control plan was determined in the control unit. Based on the QT platform and C++ language, a microcontroller program was developed. The program combined with the developed spectral acquisition software for the upper computer was used to achieve the collection, processing, display, storage, and discrimination of spectral information. The electromagnetic push rod was applied to drive the expansion and contraction of the baffle to complete the opening and closing of the hole. Chestnuts from Qianxi, Dandong, and Yuxi were selected as experimental samples, spectra were collected and spectral preprocessing methods were applied to establish partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) models for comparison. The PLS-DA models for geographical origins and mildew discrimination were developed, respectively. The correct classification accuracy of the model for geographical origins in prediction set was 97.12%, and it was 94.74% of the model for mildew discrimination. The optimal detection and sorting efficiency was to process 37 samples per minute by this device. Finally, the models were individually implanted into the system software, and random prediction sets of chestnuts were used for tests. The correct classification accuracies of the models for geographical origins and mildew discrimination achieved 93.83% and 94.12%, respectively. The results indicated that the designed rotary detection and sorting system and device presented high efficiency, stable collection, and high detection accuracy. It was feasible to quickly achieve the goal of non-destructive detection and sorting of chestnuts from different geographical origins and mildew or not.

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姜洪喆,譚烽,李興鵬,王大臣,蔣雪松,周宏平.轉(zhuǎn)盤式板栗可見/近紅外光譜檢測分選系統(tǒng)研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2024,55(12):462-469. JIANG Hongzhe, TAN Feng, LI Xingpeng, WANG Dachen, JIANG Xuesong, ZHOU Hongping. Research of Rotary Sorting System for Chestnuts Based on Visible/Near-infrared Spectroscopy[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2024,55(12):462-469.

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  • 收稿日期:2024-07-14
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2024-12-10
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