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玉米高速免耕播種機(jī)液壓主動(dòng)仿形機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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北大荒農(nóng)墾集團(tuán)有限公司2023年農(nóng)機(jī)研發(fā)制造推廣應(yīng)用一體化試點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目,、黑龍江省重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃重大項(xiàng)目(2022ZX05B02-02)和黑龍江省“百千萬(wàn)”工程科技重大專(zhuān)項(xiàng)支撐行動(dòng)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2020ZX17B01-3)


Design and Test of Hydraulic Active Profiling Mechanism for High-speed No-till Corn Planter
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    摘要:

    為解決玉米免耕播種機(jī)在高速作業(yè)下播深一致性較差的問(wèn)題,設(shè)計(jì)一種可調(diào)節(jié)液壓仿形機(jī)構(gòu),,并通過(guò)補(bǔ)償調(diào)節(jié)的方式實(shí)現(xiàn)高精度的同步仿形,。應(yīng)用ANSYS軟件對(duì)液壓仿形機(jī)構(gòu)進(jìn)行靜力學(xué)分析,求得液壓缸初始伸出量與液壓仿形機(jī)構(gòu)最大應(yīng)力應(yīng)變之間的關(guān)系,,分析結(jié)果表明,,在伸出量30、40,、50,、60、70mm下,,隨著液壓缸初始伸出量的增大,,液壓仿形機(jī)構(gòu)最大應(yīng)力顯著降低、最大應(yīng)變逐漸增加,。為初步檢驗(yàn)液壓仿形機(jī)構(gòu)作業(yè)性能,,驗(yàn)證所設(shè)計(jì)滑動(dòng)調(diào)節(jié)機(jī)構(gòu)對(duì)其作業(yè)適應(yīng)性的提升效果,使用播種單體仿形性能檢測(cè)試驗(yàn)臺(tái),,以液壓缸初始伸出量和作業(yè)速度為試驗(yàn)因素,,以上下仿形平均誤差比、仿形平均誤差,、平均調(diào)節(jié)時(shí)長(zhǎng)為試驗(yàn)指標(biāo),,進(jìn)行二因素五水平二次正交旋轉(zhuǎn)組合試驗(yàn)。試驗(yàn)得出:當(dāng)作業(yè)速度為12.3km/h時(shí),,滑動(dòng)調(diào)節(jié)機(jī)構(gòu)對(duì)調(diào)節(jié)精度的提升效果最佳,,最大可使調(diào)節(jié)誤差降低18.99%,當(dāng)作業(yè)速度為14.8km/h時(shí),,滑動(dòng)調(diào)節(jié)機(jī)構(gòu)對(duì)調(diào)節(jié)速度的提升效果最佳,,最大可使調(diào)節(jié)時(shí)長(zhǎng)縮短16.11%,通過(guò)滑動(dòng)調(diào)節(jié)機(jī)構(gòu)可使得不同作業(yè)速度下仿形平均誤差小于等于2.02mm,、調(diào)節(jié)時(shí)長(zhǎng)小于等于0.29s,,滿(mǎn)足設(shè)計(jì)要求。此外,,為進(jìn)一步驗(yàn)證液壓仿形機(jī)構(gòu)綜合仿形性能,,進(jìn)行田間對(duì)比試驗(yàn),結(jié)果表明:裝備該液壓仿形機(jī)構(gòu)的播種單體播深合格率為94.8%,播深最大變異系數(shù)為6.12%,,各項(xiàng)指標(biāo)均滿(mǎn)足玉米播種農(nóng)藝要求,。

    Abstract:

    In order to solve the problem of poor seeding depth consistency of no-till corn planter under high-speed operation environment, an adjustable hydraulic profiling mechanism was designed, which realized high-precision synchronous profiling by means of compensation adjustment. The application of ANSYS software on the hydraulic profiling mechanism for static analysis was carried out, to find the initial extensions of the hydraulic cylinder and hydraulic profiling mechanism of the maximum stress-strain value of the relationship between the analysis results showed that, in the 30mm, 40mm, 50mm, 60mm and 70mm extensions, with the increase of the initial amount of the hydraulic cylinder installation, the hydraulic profiling mechanism of the maximum stress value of a significant reduction in the maximum strain value was gradually increased. In order to preliminarily test the operational performance of the hydraulic profiling mechanism and verify the enhancement effect of the designed sliding adjustment mechanism on its operational adaptability, a two-factor, five-level quadratic orthogonal rotary combination test was conducted by using the pitching seeding unit profiling performance testing bench with the initial extensions of hydraulic cylinders and the operational speed as the test factors, and the ratio of the upper and lower profiling average error, the profiling average error, and the average adjustment time as the test indexes. When the operating speed was 12.3km/h, the sliding adjustment mechanism had the best effect on the improvement of adjustment accuracy, and it can reduce the adjustment error by 18.99%;when the operating speed was 14.8km/h, the sliding adjustment mechanism had the best effect on the improvement of adjustment speed, and it can shorten the adjustment time by 16.11%;and by sliding adjustment mechanism, the average error of the mimicry under different operating speeds was not more than 2.02mm, and the average error of the mimicry at different operating speeds was not more than 0.29s, which met the design requirements. In addition, in order to further verify the comprehensive profiling performance of the hydraulic profiling mechanism, the field comparison test was conducted, and the results showed that the qualified rate of seeding depth of the seeding unit equipped with the hydraulic profiling mechanism was 94.8%, and the maximum coefficient of variation of seeding depth was 6.12%, and all the indexes met the requirements of agronomy for corn seeding.

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衣淑娟,李怡凱,李衣菲,陳濤,孫亭瀚,楊宏宇.玉米高速免耕播種機(jī)液壓主動(dòng)仿形機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2024,55(12):110-120,133. YI Shujuan, LI Yikai, LI Yifei, CHEN Tao, SUN Tinghan, YANG Hongyu. Design and Test of Hydraulic Active Profiling Mechanism for High-speed No-till Corn Planter[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2024,55(12):110-120,,133.

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  • 收稿日期:2024-01-11
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  • 在線(xiàn)發(fā)布日期: 2024-12-10
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