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多自由度沙柳平茬收割機切割裝置設計與試驗
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鄂爾多斯市科技計劃項目(2022YY022)和內蒙古自治區(qū)高等學校青年科技英才支持計劃項目(NJYT24046)


Design and Experiment of Cutting Device of Multi-degree-of-freedom Sandy Willow Harvester
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    摘要:

    為解決復雜沙地地形下、零散分布狀態(tài)下沙柳平茬收割作業(yè)過程中存在的人工收割勞動強度大、效率低、缺乏機械裝備等問題,通過理論分析、正交試驗和響應面分析,設計了具有7個自由度的沙柳平茬收割機具和相向外旋式雙鋸片切割裝置,并進行了樣機試制與田間性能試驗。機具采用液壓系統(tǒng)驅動,主要由機架、行走機構、切割裝置、伸縮裝置和旋轉裝置等部分組成。正交試驗和響應面分析結果表明,鋸切轉速、進給速度和鋸片齒數為影響沙柳莖桿鋸切合力和鋸切功率的關鍵因素,鋸片齒數和鋸切轉速是鋸切合力和鋸切功率的顯著影響因素,且鋸片齒數和鋸切轉速、鋸片齒數和鋸片進給速度的交互作用影響顯著。田間試驗結果表明,當切割裝置作業(yè)參數組合為鋸片齒數120、進給速度10mm/s、鋸切轉速1400r/min時,沙柳平茬作業(yè)平均破茬率、漏割率、重割率和茬高合格率分別為4.02%、4.19%、0和94.33%,能夠滿足沙柳機械化平茬生產作業(yè)技術要求。

    Abstract:

    To address the issues of high labor intensity, low efficiency, and lack of mechanical equipment in the harvesting of sandy willow growing in complex sandy terrains and dispersed distributions, the theoretical analysis, orthogonal experiments, response surface analysis, and field test methods were used, a sandy willow cutting harvester with seven degrees of freedom and a counter-rotating dual saw blade cutting device were designed. Subsquently, the prototype was fabricated and subjected to field performance tests. The harvester was driven by a hydraulic system, and it mainly comprised a frame, a walking mechanism, a cutting device, a telescopic device, and a rotating device, etc. The orthogonal experiments results and response surface analysis indicated that the saw blade rotate speed, feed rate, and number of saw blade teeth were key factors affecting the cutting force and power. The number of saw blade teeth and saw blade rotate speed significantly influenced the cutting force and power, as well as the notable interactions between the saw blade teeth and rotate speed, saw blade teeth and feed rate. The field test results showed that, when the cutting device operating parameters were saw blade tooth number of 120, feeding speed of 10mm/s, and sawing speed of 1400r/min the average stubble breakage rate, missed cut rate, re-cut rate, and stubble height qualification rate of the sandy willow harvester were 4.02%, 4.19%, 0, and 94.33%, respectively, meeting the technical requirements for mechanized sandy willow cutting operations.

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賀長彬,景紅偉,趙陳成,特賓古日布,石磊,圖娜拉.多自由度沙柳平茬收割機切割裝置設計與試驗[J].農業(yè)機械學報,2024,55(11):320-328. HE Changbin, JING Hongwei, ZHAO Chencheng, TE Binguribu, SHI Lei, TU Nala. Design and Experiment of Cutting Device of Multi-degree-of-freedom Sandy Willow Harvester[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2024,55(11):320-328.

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  • 收稿日期:2024-07-28
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2024-11-10
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