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基于TRIZ理論的半徑可調(diào)式林果振動(dòng)采收激振器設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(52265036)和新疆重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2022B02028-3)


Design and Test of Radius Adjustable Fruit Vibration Harvesting Exciter Based on TRIZ Theory
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    摘要:

    針對(duì)現(xiàn)有激振器輸出的激振力幅值和頻率無法獨(dú)立可調(diào),造成激振力的幅值和頻率無法同時(shí)滿足林果振動(dòng)采收需求的問題,,利用TRIZ理論構(gòu)建出激振器與果樹物質(zhì)-場(chǎng)模型,。根據(jù)物質(zhì)-場(chǎng)模型和物理沖突解決問題的方法,獲得偏心塊式激振器激振力振幅和頻率獨(dú)立可調(diào)的偏心塊布局,,提出了四偏心塊激振器和半徑可調(diào)式激振器方案,。并通過2種激振器設(shè)計(jì)方案的動(dòng)態(tài)性能對(duì)比發(fā)現(xiàn),半徑可調(diào)式激振器性能更優(yōu),。以柑橘樹為試驗(yàn)對(duì)象,,利用半徑可調(diào)式激振器對(duì)不同的果樹施加3種不同頻率和振幅的激振力。結(jié)果表明增大激振力頻率,,果實(shí)采凈率呈增大趨勢(shì),。同時(shí)激振頻率一定時(shí),增大激振力幅值,,果實(shí)采凈率也呈增大趨勢(shì),,當(dāng)激振頻率為19Hz,、絲杠螺母行程為70mm時(shí),果實(shí)平均采凈率為86.3%,。通過試驗(yàn)對(duì)比發(fā)現(xiàn),,激振頻率對(duì)果實(shí)采凈率影響程度大于激振力幅值的影響程度,。半徑可調(diào)式激振器能夠改變激振力幅值,,提高果實(shí)采凈率。同時(shí)半徑可調(diào)式激振器具有幅頻獨(dú)立調(diào)節(jié)特性,,當(dāng)激振力頻率較大時(shí),,降低振幅以夠防止果樹損傷。

    Abstract:

    In order to solve the problem that the magnitude and frequency of excitation force output by existing exciter cannot be adjusted independently, the amplitude and frequency of excitation force cannot meet the demand of fruit vibration harvesting at the same time, TRIZ theory was used to construct the model of exciter and fruit tree matter-field. According to the matter-field model and the physical conflict solving method, the eccentric block layout of the excitation force amplitude and frequency of the eccentric block exciter was obtained, and the schemes of the four eccentric block exciter and the radius adjustable exciter were proposed. By comparing the dynamic performance of the two designs, it was found that the moment of inertia of the radius adjustable exciter was lower than that of the four eccentric blocks. The smaller the moment of inertia of the shaker was, the smaller the torque and power required during the rotation of the shaker was. When the four eccentric blocks were rotating, the phase angle size of each eccentric block was changed with time, so it was very difficult to adjust the size of the phase angle φ. In the radius adjustable exciter, the eccentric block and the rotating axis were relatively fixed in the radial direction, and the eccentric block radius was relatively static in the axial direction, and it was relatively easy to adjust the eccentric block radius in the axial direction. Therefore, the radius adjustable exciter was more suitable for the amplitude-frequency regulation mechanism of exciting force in the process of fruit vibration harvesting. Three different frequencies and amplitudes were applied to citrus trees. Citrus trees were used as test subjects to apply three different frequencies and amplitudes of excitation forces to different fruit trees with adjustable radius exciter. The results showed that the detachment rate of fruit was increased with the increase of the frequency of excitation force. At the same time, when the exciting frequency was constant, the amplitude of the exciting force was increased, and the detachment rate of the fruit also showed an increasing trend. When the exciting frequency was 19Hz and the stroke of the screw nut was 70mm, the average detachment rate of the fruit was 86.3%. The results showed that the effect of excitation frequency on the detachment rate was greater than that of excitation force amplitude. The radius adjustable exciter can change the amplitude of the exciting force and improve the fruit harvest rate. At the same time, the amplitude-frequency independent regulation characteristic of the radius adjustable exciter can reduce the amplitude to prevent the damage of fruit trees when the excitation force frequency was large.

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焦灝博,羅炬明,湯愛沸,馬晨,王麗紅,李亞萍,李成松.基于TRIZ理論的半徑可調(diào)式林果振動(dòng)采收激振器設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2024,55(11):231-239. JIAO Haobo, LUO Juming, TANG Aifei, MA Chen, WANG Lihong, LI Yaping, LI Chengsong. Design and Test of Radius Adjustable Fruit Vibration Harvesting Exciter Based on TRIZ Theory[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2024,55(11):231-239.

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  • 收稿日期:2024-01-04
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2024-11-10
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