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種群直流舀種式胡麻精量穴播器設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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財(cái)政部和農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部:國(guó)家現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系項(xiàng)目(CARS-14-1-28)、甘肅省教育廳高??蒲袆?chuàng)新平臺(tái)重大培育項(xiàng)目(2024CXPT-15),、國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(52065004、52365030)和蘭州市青年科技人才創(chuàng)新項(xiàng)目(2023-QN-146)


Design and Experiment of Precision Burrow Planter for Flax with Direct Current Scooping Type
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    摘要:

    針對(duì)傳統(tǒng)舀種勺式穴播器在工作過(guò)程中,,種群被舀種勺種室兩側(cè)分流,,播種滾筒內(nèi)種量較少時(shí),舀種勺腔充種不完全的問(wèn)題,,基于胡麻種子物理特性和種植農(nóng)藝要求,,設(shè)計(jì)一種種群聚集,、直接舀種的胡麻精量穴播器。通過(guò)分析穴播器工作原理確定其組成,、聚種斜槽結(jié)構(gòu)和直流舀種勺結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)范圍,,對(duì)直流舀種勺舀種過(guò)程和清種過(guò)程進(jìn)行運(yùn)動(dòng)分析,確定穴播器角速度范圍;以直流舀種勺深度,、過(guò)橋槽夾角和穴播器角速度為試驗(yàn)因素,,以穴播器排種合格率、漏播率和重播率為試驗(yàn)指標(biāo),,借助EDEM離散元仿真軟件開(kāi)展二次旋轉(zhuǎn)正交組合試驗(yàn),,結(jié)果表明:當(dāng)直流舀種勺深度為2.75 mm、過(guò)橋槽夾角為56.56°,、穴播器角速度為2.71 rad/s時(shí)性能最佳,,此時(shí)穴播器排種合格率為94.27%,漏播率為5.67%,,重播率為0.06%,。臺(tái)架試驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn)排種合格率、漏播率和重播率平均值分別為89.00%,、8.33%,、2.67%,臺(tái)架試驗(yàn)結(jié)果與仿真試驗(yàn)結(jié)果基本一致,。直流舀種勺和勺舌式舀種勺排種效果對(duì)比試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,,直流舀種勺的排種效果優(yōu)于勺舌式舀種勺的排種效果,穴播器排種合格率提高3.39個(gè)百分點(diǎn),,漏播率下降2.68個(gè)百分點(diǎn),,重播率下降2個(gè)百分點(diǎn)。

    Abstract:

    Aiming at the problem that the population is divided on both sides of the ladle chamber during the operation of the traditional burrow planter, the ladle chamber was not fully filled when the amount of seed in the seeding drum was small. Based on the physical characteristics of flax seeds and the requirements of planting and agronomy, a precise point planter for flax seed was designed. By analyzing the working principle of the burrow planter, the composition, chute structure and structural parameters of the direct current scooping ladle were determined. The motion analysis of the ladle scooping process and the clearing process was carried out, and the angular velocity range of the burrow planter was determined. Using the depth of direct current scooping ladle, the angle of bridge slot and the angular velocity of the burrow planter as test factors, and the pass rate, miss rate and replay rate of the burrow planter as test indexes, the quadratic rotation orthogonal combination test was carried out by using EDEM discrete element simulation software. The results showed that the best performance was obtained when the depth of direct current scooping ladle was 2.75 mm, the angle of bridge groove was 56.56°, and the velocity of burrow planter was 2.71 rad/s, the qualified rate of seed expulsion was 94.27%, the missed rate was 5.67%, and the replay rate was 0.06%. The average pass rate, miss rate and replay rate were 89.00%, 8.33% and 2.67%, respectively. The results of bench test were basically consistent with those of simulation test. The results showed that the seed discharge effect of direct current scooping ladle was better than that of tongue scoop. The qualified rate of seed placement can be increased by 3.39 percentage points, the missed rate can be decreased by 2.68 percentage points, and the replay rate can be decreased by 2 percentage points.

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李輝,趙武云,石林榕,戴飛,孫步功,鄧廷豪.種群直流舀種式胡麻精量穴播器設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2024,55(10):202-214. LI Hui, ZHAO Wuyun, SHI Linrong, DAI Fei, SUN Bugong, DENG Tinghao. Design and Experiment of Precision Burrow Planter for Flax with Direct Current Scooping Type[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2024,55(10):202-214.

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  • 收稿日期:2024-05-09
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2024-10-10
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