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非圓齒輪驅(qū)動(dòng)式玉米直插穴播機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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國家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(52065004,、52365030)、蘭州市青年科技人才創(chuàng)新項(xiàng)目(2023-QN-146),、甘肅省教育廳高??蒲袆?chuàng)新平臺(tái)重大培育項(xiàng)目(2024CXPT-15)、甘肅省科技專員專項(xiàng)(23CXGA0066),、甘肅省農(nóng)機(jī)研發(fā)制造推廣應(yīng)用一體化試點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目(3-3)和甘肅農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)人才專項(xiàng)(GAU-KYQD-2020-33)


Design and Experiment of Non-circular Gear-driven Maize Hole Seeder with Vertical Insertion
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    摘要:

    針對(duì)西北旱區(qū)現(xiàn)有直插穴播機(jī)前進(jìn)速度補(bǔ)償機(jī)構(gòu)運(yùn)行不平穩(wěn),、運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)空間尺寸較大等問題,提出一種非圓齒輪驅(qū)動(dòng)式前進(jìn)速度補(bǔ)償機(jī)構(gòu),,基于此研制一種新型玉米直插穴播機(jī),。對(duì)整機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu)組成、工作原理和技術(shù)參數(shù)進(jìn)行闡述;對(duì)前進(jìn)速度補(bǔ)償機(jī)構(gòu)和穴播器進(jìn)行深入理論分析,。優(yōu)化得當(dāng)穴距為330 mm,、前進(jìn)速度為0.5 m/s和播深為45 mm時(shí)前進(jìn)速度補(bǔ)償機(jī)構(gòu)傳動(dòng)比和中心距,基于此生成非圓齒輪機(jī)構(gòu)前進(jìn)速度補(bǔ)償機(jī)構(gòu),。結(jié)合玉米種子尺寸確定取種輪上異形窩眼結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸范圍,,并優(yōu)化得當(dāng)異形窩眼寬度為11.79 mm,、異形窩眼高度為7.23 mm、異形窩眼開口角為15°時(shí)排種效果較好,。田間驗(yàn)證試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,,穴播機(jī)空穴率、穴粒數(shù)合格率,、播種深度合格率平均值分別為2.0%,、90.1%和92.3%;成穴器破膜膜孔較小,膜孔錯(cuò)位率為4.3%;成穴器水平方向土壤擾動(dòng)量平均值為15 g,,垂直方向?yàn)?5 g,。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果滿足西北旱區(qū)玉米直插播種實(shí)際要求。

    Abstract:

    Aiming at the problems of unstable operation of the forward speed compensation mechanism of existing direct insertion planter in the northwest dry zone and large size of the running space, a non-circular gear-driven forward speed compensation mechanism was proposed, based on which a type of maize hole seeder with vertical insertion was developed. The structural composition, working principle and technical parameters of the whole machine were described; the forward speed compensation mechanism and the hole seeder were analyzed in depth theoretically. When the hole spacing was 330 mm, the forward speed was 0.5 m/s and the sowing depth was 45 mm, the transmission ratio and the center distance of the forward speed compensation mechanism were optimized, based on which the non-circular gear-driven forward speed compensation mechanism was generated. Combined with the size of maize seeds to determine the size range of the shaped eye structure on the seed picker wheel, and the optimized result showed that when the width of the shaped eye was 11.79 mm, the height of the shaped eye was 7.23 mm, and the opening angle of the shaped eye was 15°, the effect of seed discharge was better. From the field validation experiment, it can be seen that the hole seeder empty hole rate, hole number qualified rate, sowing depth qualified rate average value were 2.0%, 90.1% and 92.3%, respectively; the membrane holes the device broke were smaller, the membrane holes misalignment rate was 4.3%;the device disturbed average amount of soil disturbance in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction was 15 g and 25 g, respectively. The results can meet the actual requirements of maize direct sowing in dry region of Northwest China.

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石林榕,趙武云,孫步功,戴飛,辛尚龍,孫偉,馮斌.非圓齒輪驅(qū)動(dòng)式玉米直插穴播機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2024,55(10):157-167. SHI Linron, ZHAO Wuyun, SUN Bugong, DAI Fei, XIN Shanglong, SUN Wei, FENG Bin. Design and Experiment of Non-circular Gear-driven Maize Hole Seeder with Vertical Insertion[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2024,55(10):157-167.

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  • 收稿日期:2024-06-25
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2024-10-10
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