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The large randomness of working conditions and frequent dynamic load changes leading to low energy utilization of pure electric tractor, in order to solve the problems, a power supply system of pure electric tractor based on load adaptive battery/super-capacitor hybrid power supply was proposed. Based on the analysis of operating conditions and power demand of pure electric tractor, the optimal control mode of power system was found by dynamic programming analysis method, and piecewise control rules were proposed from the dynamic programming analysis results, and the functional relationship between the power division parameter model and load statistics was established. Finally, an energy management strategy of electric tractor based on load adaptive rules was proposed, and the combined load cycle mode of stationary road conditions and random load cycle mode of non-stationary road conditions were verified by test. The results showed that compared with the energy management strategy of ordinary control rules, the load adaptive energy management strategy of electric tractor proposed had stronger battery protection and energy saving capabilities, and could realize the optimal energy management under the load adaptive mode. The battery ampere-hour throughput and the total energy loss of the power system were reduced by 10.5%~15.7% and 8.7%~15.1% respectively under different working conditions. The results showed that the proposed pure electric tractor load adaptability energy management strategy could achieve optimal energy management inreal time and online with low computational cost.