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水氮調(diào)控對寧夏中部旱區(qū)馬鈴薯產(chǎn)量與土壤質(zhì)量的影響
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寧夏高等學(xué)校一流學(xué)科建設(shè)(水利工程)項(xiàng)目(NXYLXK2021A03)


Effect of Water and Nitrogen Regulation on Potato Yield and Soil Quality Evaluation
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    摘要:

    針對寧夏中部干旱區(qū)馬鈴薯產(chǎn)量不高和土壤質(zhì)量較低等問題,,本研究探討和評價寧夏中部旱區(qū)馬鈴薯農(nóng)田土壤質(zhì)量狀況,,馬鈴薯產(chǎn)量與農(nóng)田環(huán)境因子的相互關(guān)系,以提高馬鈴薯產(chǎn)量和農(nóng)田土壤質(zhì)量,。以馬鈴薯農(nóng)田為研究對象,,2年試驗(yàn)采用三因素完全隨機(jī)設(shè)計,灌溉處理設(shè)置灌溉定額(2 250 m3/hm2,,W3),、節(jié)水20%(1 800 m3/hm2,W2),、節(jié)水40%(1 350 m3/hm2,,W1);施氮處理設(shè)置施氮量(195 kg/hm2,,N3),、減氮20%(156 kg/hm2,,N2)、減氮40%(117 kg/hm2,,N1),,以當(dāng)?shù)夭皇┑屎筒还嗨疄镃K處理,測定土壤養(yǎng)分含量,、酶活性,、微生物量碳氮磷含量及產(chǎn)量,并將其納入土壤質(zhì)量指數(shù)(SQI),,與馬鈴薯產(chǎn)量進(jìn)行擬合分析,。結(jié)果表明:水氮調(diào)控對土壤速效鉀、有效磷,、硝態(tài)氮,、銨態(tài)氮、全氮,、全磷,、全鉀、有機(jī)質(zhì)含量均有顯著影響,,不同水氮調(diào)控下0~20 cm土層過氧化氫酶活性(SP),、蔗糖酶活性(SS)、土壤脲酶活性(SU),、土壤堿性磷酸酶活性(SAP)W2N2處理最大,,較CK處理增加23.66%、86.28%,、58.66%,、56.92%,并隨土壤深度增加呈逐漸降低趨勢,。馬鈴薯產(chǎn)量,、土壤微生物量碳氮磷含量及化學(xué)計量在W2N2(1 800 m3/hm2、156 kg/hm2)處理最大,。通過SQI得出中水中氮(W2N2)土壤質(zhì)量等級最高,,通過擬合發(fā)現(xiàn)W2N2處理能夠協(xié)同提升土壤綜合質(zhì)量與馬鈴薯產(chǎn)量,該研究結(jié)果可為中國北方干旱地區(qū)馬鈴薯可持續(xù)生產(chǎn)和土壤質(zhì)量提升提供理論依據(jù),。

    Abstract:

    To address the problems of low potato yield and low soil quality in the central arid zone of Ningxia, the interrelationship between potato yield and farmland environmental factors was investigated and evaluated. Aiming to explore and evaluate the soil quality condition of potato farmland in the central arid zone of Ningxia, and the interrelationship between potato yield and farmland environmental factors, with a view to improving potato yield and farmland soil quality, taking potato farmland as the research object, the two-year experiment was conducted in a three-factor completely randomised design, with irrigation treatments set at irrigation quota (2 250 m3/hm2, W3), 20% water saving (1 800 m3/hm2, W2), and 40% water saving (1 350 m3/hm2, W1);and nitrogen application treatments set at nitrogen application (195 kg/hm2, N3), and 20% nitrogen reduction (156 kg/hm2, N2), 40% nitrogen reduction (117 kg/hm2, N1), with no local N fertiliser and no irrigation as CK treatment, soil nutrients, enzyme activities, microbial carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and yield were measured and included in the soil quality index (SQI), which was fitted to potato yield. The results showed that water and nitrogen regulation had significant effects on soil quick potassium, effective phosphorus, nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium, and organic matter, and catalase activity (SP), sucrase activity (SS), soil urease activity (SU), and soil alkaline phosphatase activity (SAP) in the 0~20 cm soil layer were the largest under different water and nitrogen regulation in the W2N2 treatment, which was increased compared with that of the CK treatment by 23.66%, 86.28%, 58.66%, 56.92%. And it showed a trend of gradual decrease with the increase of soil depth. Potato yield, soil microbiota carbon nitrogen phosphorus and stoichiometry were maximum in W2N2 (1 800 m3/hm2, 156 kg/hm2) treatment. The highest soil quality grade of W2N2 treatment was obtained by SQI, and it was found that W2N2 treatment could synergistically improve the comprehensive soil quality and potato yield by fitting, and the results of this study can provide theoretical references for the sustainable production of potato and the improvement of soil quality in arid regions of northern China.

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楊瑩攀,尹娟,朱銀浩,李升.水氮調(diào)控對寧夏中部旱區(qū)馬鈴薯產(chǎn)量與土壤質(zhì)量的影響[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報,2024,55(9):358-370,,458. YANG Yingpan, YIN Juan, ZHU Yinhao, LI Sheng. Effect of Water and Nitrogen Regulation on Potato Yield and Soil Quality Evaluation[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2024,55(9):358-370,458.

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  • 收稿日期:2024-03-02
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2024-09-10
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