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大蒜直立種植機非對稱式栽植器設計與試驗
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山東省自然科學基金項目(ZR2022ME103)、濟南市農業(yè)應用技術創(chuàng)新項目(CX202216)和江蘇省農業(yè)科技自主創(chuàng)新資金項目(CX[22]3092)


Design and Experiment of Asymmetrical Planting Implement for Garlic Upright Planter
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    摘要:

    針對大蒜直立種植機直立度偏低,、作業(yè)效率低問題,,設計了一種適用于連續(xù)式大蒜種植機非對稱結構的栽植器,以抵消在栽植過程中栽植器的水平分速度不斷變化對蒜種直立狀態(tài)的影響,。分析了栽植器和土壤對蒜種作用過程,,建立了種穴底部輪廓曲線方程和大蒜直立種植裝置EDEM-ADAMS仿真系統(tǒng)。首先根據栽植器在不同工作階段的作用提出了上下錐角不同的兩段式栽植器結構并確定了上部錐角為20°,。再通過對種穴形狀的對稱性,、種穴底部形狀以及種植蒜種直立度影響的單因素仿真試驗,確定了栽植器打開方式為單側向前打開,、打開時刻為栽植器運動到最低點,,打開旋轉中心位于栽植器下部頂點的上方110 mm、后側15 mm,。通過栽植器打開后對蒜種作用過程的模擬仿真分析,,確定了栽植器的非對稱結構及其相應參數。最后以蒜種直立度為指標,,進行了工作參數和栽植器下部錐角的四因素三水平正交仿真試驗,,確定了最佳組合參數為:速比1.12,、打開開度29.69 mm、打開時間0.51 s,、栽植器下部錐角40.90°,,此時種植蒜種直立度為72.84°。搭建了大蒜種植裝置試驗臺對通過仿真分析設計的栽植器進行了試驗驗證,,結果直立度為68.66°,,表明建立的仿真系統(tǒng)正確、仿真試驗結果實用可靠,。

    Abstract:

    In order to solve the problems of low upright degree and low working efficiency of garlic planter, the planting implement with asymmetrical structure suitable for continuous garlic planter was designed, in order to adapt to the continuous change of the horizontal speed of planting implement during the planting process and keeping the garlic seed upright state. The action process of planting implement and soil on garlic seed was analyzed, and the equation for the contour curve at the bottom of the seed hole and the simulation system of garlic upright planting device were established. According to the role of the planting implement in different working stages, a two-stage planting implement structure with different upper and lower cone angles was proposed, and the upper cone angle was determined to be 20°. Through the single-factor simulation experiment of the influence of some factors on the symmetries of the shape of the seed-hole, the shape of bottom of the seed-hole and the upright degree of planting garlic, it was determined that the opening mode of the planting implement was one side forward opening, the opening moment was when the planting implement moved to the lowest point, and the center of rotation of the opening side was 110 mm above the apex of the bottom of planting implement and 15 mm behind the apex of bottom of the planting implement. The structure of the planting implement was optimized to be an asymmetric structure and the corresponding parameters were determined by the simulation analysis of the action process of the planting implement on the garlic seed. Four-factor and three-level orthogonal simulation experiments were carried out to study the effects of three working parameters and lower cone angle of planting implement on the upright degree of garlic seed and the optimal combination parameter was determined as the velocity ratio of 1.12, the horizontal distance of opening of 29.69 mm, the opening time of 0.51 s, the lower cone angle of the planting implement of 40.90°, and the upright degree of planted garlic of 72.84°. A test bed of garlic upright planting device was built to validate the simulation results which were verified by experiments. The test result showed that the upright degree of planted garlic was 68.66°, which indicated that the established simulation system was correct and the simulation test result was practical and reliable.

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宋井玲,張永政,王卓,李昆橋,崔志超,房福海,楊清華.大蒜直立種植機非對稱式栽植器設計與試驗[J].農業(yè)機械學報,2024,55(9):116-128,,261. SONG Jingling, ZHANG Yongzheng, WANG Zhuo, LI Kunqiao, CUI Zhichao, FANG Fuhai, YANG Qinghua. Design and Experiment of Asymmetrical Planting Implement for Garlic Upright Planter[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2024,55(9):116-128,261.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-12-14
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2024-09-10
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