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三七莖葉采收機仿生切割刀片設計與試驗
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國家自然科學基金項目(31260425),、云南省重大科技專項(202102AE090042-06-04、202102AA310048)和云南省基礎研究專項(202401CF070071)


Design and Experiment of Bionic Cutting Blades for Panax notoginseng Stem and Leaf Harvesting Machine
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    摘要:

    針對傳統三七莖葉采收機切割刀片在滑切減阻,、刀片刃口鋒利性等方面存在明顯不足,,以切葉蟻上顎結構特征為仿生原型,運用逆向工程技術,,提取切葉蟻上顎輪廓曲線,,分別基于切葉蟻的切齒齒頂尖銳端和上顎輪廓曲線設計了A、B兩種不同的仿生切割刀片,;開展了EDEM仿真與臺架對比試驗,,仿真試驗結果表明,仿生刀片A,、B相較于傳統刀片的平均最大剪切力分別降低7.74%和3.07%,;臺架試驗結果表明,仿生刀片A,、B相較于傳統刀片的平均最大剪切力分別降低8.84%和2.53%,,并且仿生刀片A、B在提高三七莖稈橫切面平整度方面效果顯著,;3種刀片仿真試驗與臺架試驗所測得的最大剪切力誤差均不大于3.64%,,仿真試驗結果與實際試驗結果基本一致,。以刀型、切割傾角,、切割速度為試驗因素,,開展正交試驗,確定了較優(yōu)參數組合為仿生刀片A,、切割傾角0°,、切割速度400mm/min?;谳^優(yōu)參數組合開展田間試驗,,結果顯示其對三七莖葉采收平均完整率為97.37%,較傳統刀片提升2.01個百分點,,平均漏割率為2.64%,,較傳統刀片降低1.46個百分點,表明以切葉蟻上顎切齒齒頂尖銳端為特征點設計的仿生刀片能夠有效提升三七采收機作業(yè)性能,。

    Abstract:

    In response to the obvious shortcomings of traditional Panax notoginseng stem and leaf harvesting machine cutting blades in sliding cutting resistance reduction and blade edge sharpness, taking the upper jaw structure characteristics of leaf cutting ants as a biomimetic prototype, reverse engineering technology was used to extract the upper jaw contour curve of leaf cutting ants. Two different bionic cutting blades, A and B, were designed based on the sharp end of the cutting tooth tip and the upper jaw contour curve of leaf cutting ants;EDEM simulation and bench comparison experiments were conducted, and the simulation results showed that the average maximum shear forces of bionic blades A and B were reduced by 7.74% and 3.07% compared with that of traditional blades, respectively. The bench test results showed that the average maximum shear force of bionic blades A and B was reduced by 8.84% and 2.53% compared with that of traditional blades, respectively, and bionic blades A and B had a significant effect on improving the flatness of the transverse cutting surface of Panax notoginseng stem. The maximum shear force errors measured by the three blade simulation tests and bench tests were all not more than 3.64%, and the simulation test results were basically consistent with the actual test results. Using blade shape, cutting angle, and cutting speed as experimental factors, an orthogonal experiment was conducted to determine the optimal parameter combination as bionic blade A, cutting angle 0°, and cutting speed 400mm/min. Based on the optimal parameter combination, field experiments were conducted, and the results showed that the average intact rate of harvesting Panax notoginseng stems and leaves was 97.37%, which was 2.01 percentage points higher than that of traditional blades. The average missed cutting rate was 2.64%, which was 1.46 percentage points lower than that of traditional blades. This indicated that the bionic blade designed with the sharp end of the cutting teeth on the upper jaw of the leaf cutting ant can effectively improve the operational performance of the Panax notoginseng harvester.

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鄭嘉鑫,王世順,馬龍,楊文彩,金智偉,嚴毅,朱龍圖.三七莖葉采收機仿生切割刀片設計與試驗[J].農業(yè)機械學報,2024,55(8):117-126. ZHENG Jiaxin, WANG Shishun, MA Long, YANG Wencai, JIN Zhiwei, YAN Yi, ZHU Longtu. Design and Experiment of Bionic Cutting Blades for Panax notoginseng Stem and Leaf Harvesting Machine[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2024,55(8):117-126.

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  • 收稿日期:2024-03-25
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2024-08-10
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