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基于地塊面積和形狀的土地整治機(jī)械旋耕效率研究
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國土資源部公益性行業(yè)科研專項(xiàng)(201411009)


Mechanical Tillage Efficiency of Land Consolidation Based on Plot Area and Shape
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    摘要:

    為量化不同面積與形狀的地塊機(jī)械耕作效率差異,,科學(xué)評(píng)價(jià)土地整治在機(jī)械旋耕效率提升方面的潛力,,設(shè)計(jì)一套標(biāo)準(zhǔn)田塊,,選取69.83kW東方紅LX950型拖拉機(jī)配套旋耕機(jī)進(jìn)行耕作,工作寬幅為200cm,,采用田間實(shí)驗(yàn)法對(duì)不同面積梯度和形狀的地塊進(jìn)行機(jī)械旋耕效率測(cè)算,并在此基礎(chǔ)上,,基于區(qū)域尺度建立地塊面積、形狀與機(jī)械旋耕效率的耦合關(guān)系及函數(shù)模型,,修正后得到區(qū)域尺度機(jī)械旋耕效率,。結(jié)果表明:地塊形狀的規(guī)則程度影響機(jī)械旋耕效率,形狀越規(guī)整,,機(jī)械旋耕效率越高。在相同的面積梯度上,,矩形地塊機(jī)械旋耕效率最高,,梯形地塊次之,直角三角形地塊最低,。隨著地塊面積的增大,,機(jī)械旋耕效率不斷增加,當(dāng)?shù)貕K面積達(dá)到一定程度時(shí),,機(jī)械旋耕效率趨于穩(wěn)定,。當(dāng)?shù)貕K面積超過7000m2時(shí),機(jī)械旋耕效率基本保持不變,,矩形,、梯形地塊機(jī)械旋耕效率較高,維持在0.25s/m2,,其他形狀地塊機(jī)械旋耕效率較低,,維持在0.30s/m2左右。案例區(qū)地塊單元水平的機(jī)械旋耕效率為0.27s/m2,。其中,,中低效地塊單元數(shù)量最少,占比7.10%,;高效地塊單元數(shù)量最多,,占比58.24%。案例區(qū)西部機(jī)械旋耕效率大于東部,,主要由于東部區(qū)域土地細(xì)碎化程度高于西部區(qū)域,,地塊單元面積較小,形狀也不盡規(guī)則,,從而極大地降低了區(qū)域機(jī)械旋耕效率,。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,面積大于7000m2地塊是大型機(jī)械化耕作的適宜耕作規(guī)模,,地塊面積與形狀規(guī)則程度均影響機(jī)械旋耕效率,,土地整治工程在擴(kuò)大地塊面積的同時(shí)也需保證地塊形狀的規(guī)則化程度,。

    Abstract:

    In order to quantify the difference in mechanical tillage efficiency of plots with different areas and shapes, and scientifically evaluate the potential of land improvement in mechanical tillage efficiency, a set of standard plots was designed, and a 69.83kW Dongfanghong LX950 tractor supporting rotary tiller was selected for tillage, with a working width of 200cm. The mechanical rotary tillage efficiency of plots with different area gradients and shapes was measured by field experiment. On this basis, the coupling relationship and function model of the plot area, shape and mechanical rotary tillage efficiency were established based on regional scale, and the regional mechanical rotary tillage efficiency was modified. The results showed that the regularity of plot shape affected the mechanical rotary tillage efficiency. The more regular the shape was, the higher the mechanical rotary tillage efficiency was. In the same area gradient, the mechanical rotary tillage efficiency of rectangular plots was the highest, followed by trapezoidal plots, and triangle plots were the lowest. With the increase of the land area, the mechanical rotary tillage efficiency was increased continuously. When the land area reached a certain degree, the mechanical rotary tillage efficiency tended to be stable. When the land area exceeded 7000m2, the mechanical rotary tillage efficiency basically remained unchanged. The mechanical rotary tillage efficiency of rectangular and trapezoidal plots was higher, maintaining at 0.25s/m2;the mechanical rotary tillage efficiency of other shaped plots was lower, maintaining at about 0.30s/m2. The mechanical rotary tillage efficiency at the unit level in the case area was 0.27s/m2. Among them, the number of low-efficiency land units was the least, accounting for 7.10%. The number of efficient land units was the largest, accounting for 58.24%. The mechanical rotary tillage efficiency in the western part of the case area was greater than that in the eastern part of the case area, mainly because the land fragmentation degree in the eastern part was higher than that in the western part, the land unit area was smaller and the shape was not regular, which greatly reduced the regional mechanical rotary tillage efficiency value. The experimental results showed that plots with an area greater than 7000m2 were suitable for large-scale mechanized farming, and both the plot area and the regularity of the shape affected the efficiency of mechanical rotary farming. While expanding the plot area, the land regulation project also needed to ensure the regularity of the plot shape.

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鄭慧慧,杜寧,魏宸博,張超,徐艷.基于地塊面積和形狀的土地整治機(jī)械旋耕效率研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2024,55(7):232-240,259. ZHENG Huihui, DU Ning, WEI Chenbo, ZHANG Chao, XU Yan. Mechanical Tillage Efficiency of Land Consolidation Based on Plot Area and Shape[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2024,55(7):232-240,,259.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-11-17
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2024-07-10
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