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南瓜種子姿態(tài)約束定向組合式排種器設(shè)計與試驗
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國家自然科學(xué)基金項目(51975538)


Design and Test of Combined Pumpkin Seed Attitude-constrained Directional Seed Metering Device
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    摘要:

    為實現(xiàn)南瓜種子定向播種,提出先調(diào)整南瓜種子運動姿態(tài)再進行定向的組合式定向方法,,設(shè)計了一種南瓜種子組合式定向排種器,。該定向裝置的關(guān)鍵部件包括限位清種板和導(dǎo)向板兩部分?;谀瞎戏N子幾何特性確定了限位清種板的結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù),。建立南瓜種子定向過程的運動學(xué)方程,明確了南瓜種子定向過程中姿態(tài)變化與導(dǎo)向板結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)的關(guān)系,,確定了導(dǎo)向板結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù),。利用CFD-DEM耦合法,驗證了南瓜種子組合式排種器定向排種的可行性,,確定了排種盤轉(zhuǎn)速取值范圍,。搭建試驗臺,以平躺吸附率為試驗指標(biāo),,通過單因素試驗確定了排種盤型孔直徑,。以單粒率為試驗指標(biāo),通過單因素試驗確定了負(fù)壓和排種盤型孔數(shù)取值范圍,。選取負(fù)壓,、排種盤型孔數(shù)、排種盤轉(zhuǎn)速為試驗因素,,以單粒率,、定向成功率為試驗指標(biāo),進行了三因素三水平二次中心組合試驗,,得出影響排種器單粒率的主次因素為負(fù)壓,、排種盤型孔數(shù)、排種盤轉(zhuǎn)速,,影響排種器定向成功率的主次因素為排種盤轉(zhuǎn)速,、負(fù)壓、排種盤型孔數(shù),。對優(yōu)化后參數(shù)進行田間驗證試驗,,結(jié)果表明,當(dāng)排種盤型孔數(shù)為16,、負(fù)壓為10kPa,、排種盤轉(zhuǎn)速為4r/min時,單粒率為94.7%,,定向成功率為82.7%,,南瓜種子落入穴盤的正負(fù)偏轉(zhuǎn)角度為18.5°,。

    Abstract:

    In order to realize the directional seeding of pumpkin seeds, a combined direction method was proposed to standardize the movement attitude of pumpkin seeds and then orient them, and a combined directional seed metering device for pumpkin seeds was designed. The key components of the device to realize the direction of pumpkin seeds included two parts: limit clearing plate and deflector plate. Based on the geometric characteristics of pumpkin seeds, the structural parameters of the limit cleaning plate were determined. The kinematic equations of the direction process of pumpkin seeds were established, and the relationship between the attitude change and the structural parameters of the deflector plate during the direction process of pumpkin seeds was clarified, and the structural parameters of the deflector plate were determined. The coupling analysis method of CFD-DEM was used to verify the feasibility of directional seeding of the seed metering device. The value range of rotation speed of seed discs was determined. A test bench was built. With the flat adsorption rate as the test index, the diameter of the hole in the seed discs was determined by a single factor test. The single seed rate was the test indicators, and the value range of negative pressure and the number of holes in the seed discs were determined by the single factor test. The negative pressure, the number of holes in the seed discs and the rotation speed of the seed discs were selected as the test factors, and the single seed rate and directional success rate were the test indicators. A three-factor and three-level secondary center combination test was carried out, and the primary and secondary factors influencing the single seed rate of the seed arranger were the negative pressure, the number of holes in the seed discs and the rotation speed of the seed discs. The primary and secondary factors influencing the directional success rate was the rotation speed of the seed discs, the negative pressure, the number of holes in the seed discs. Field validation experiments were carried out on the optimized data, and the results showed that when the negative pressure was 10kPa, the number of holes in the seed discs was 16, and the rotation speed of the seed discs was 4r/min, the single seed rate was 94.7%, the directional success rate was 82.7%, and the positive and negative deflection angle of the seeds falling into the cave basin was 18.5°.

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俞亞新,王炎,周俊偉,潘一隆.南瓜種子姿態(tài)約束定向組合式排種器設(shè)計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2024,55(6):121-132,158. YU Yaxin, WANG Yan, ZHOU Junwei, PAN Yilong. Design and Test of Combined Pumpkin Seed Attitude-constrained Directional Seed Metering Device[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2024,55(6):121-132,,158.

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  • 收稿日期:2024-02-17
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2024-06-10
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