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獨(dú)立分充式大豆雙排毛刷高速精量排種器設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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國(guó)家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2021YFD2000404)、山東省自然科學(xué)基金青年項(xiàng)目(ZR2022QE231)和國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金青年項(xiàng)目(52202508)


Design and Test of High-speed Precision Seeder of Independent Fractionated Soybean Double-row Brush
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    摘要:

    為解決機(jī)械式大豆排種器高速播種質(zhì)量差的問(wèn)題,,設(shè)計(jì)了一種獨(dú)立分充式大豆雙排毛刷高速精量排種器,,采用雙排種盤(pán)結(jié)構(gòu)增加型孔數(shù)量,獨(dú)立分充避免種群積壓互擾,,實(shí)現(xiàn)高速精量排種作業(yè),。通過(guò)理論分析,明確了充種,、投種性能的影響因素,,并確定了型孔與導(dǎo)流槽相關(guān)參數(shù)。以作業(yè)速度,、型孔傾角,、導(dǎo)流槽傾角為試驗(yàn)因素進(jìn)行了正交試驗(yàn),試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:在大豆株距為8cm,、排種器作業(yè)速度為9km/h時(shí),,較優(yōu)組合為型孔傾角54°、導(dǎo)流槽傾角39°,,此時(shí)合格指數(shù)為95.5%,,漏播指數(shù)為2.0%,株距變異系數(shù)為13.1%,。對(duì)比試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:作業(yè)速度為8~12km/h時(shí),,獨(dú)立分充式排種器合格指數(shù)比常規(guī)毛刷式排種器至少提升1.3個(gè)百分點(diǎn),漏播指數(shù)至少減少0.8個(gè)百分點(diǎn),,株距變異系數(shù)至少減少2個(gè)百分點(diǎn),。窄行密植農(nóng)藝適應(yīng)性試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:在作業(yè)速度8~12km/h的條件下,獨(dú)立分充式排種器合格指數(shù)達(dá)到90.1%,,漏播指數(shù)不高于4.6%,,株距變異系數(shù)不大于20.1%,,窄行密植種植農(nóng)藝適應(yīng)性較高。

    Abstract:

    In order to solve the problem of poor high-speed sowing quality of mechanical soybean seeder, an independent part-filling soybean double-row brush high-speed precision seeder was designed, which increased the number of holes by using the double-row seed tray structure, and independently divided the filling to avoid the mutual disturbance of the population backlog, so as to realize the high-speed precision seeding operation. Through theoretical analysis, the influencing factors of seed filling and seeding performance were clarified, and the relevant parameters of the molding hole and diversion groove were determined. The results showed that when the soybean plant spacing was 8cm and the seed distributor operating speed was 9km/h, the optimal combination was the hole inclination angle of 54° and the diversion trough inclination angle of 39°, the pass index was 95.5%, the missing seeding index was 2.0%, and the plant spacing variation coefficient was 13.1%. The results of the comparative test showed that when the operating speed was 8~12km/h, the qualification index of the independent sub-filling seed dispenser was increased by more than 1.3 percentage points, the missed seeding index was reduced by more than 0.8 percentage points, and the plant spacing variation coefficient was reduced by more than 2 percentage points. The results of the agronomic adaptability test of narrow row dense planting showed that under the condition of operation speed of 8~12km/h, the qualification index of independent sub-filling seed discharger under narrow row dense planting agronomy was above 90.1%, the missed seeding index was no more than 4.6%, and the coefficient of variation of plant spacing was no more than 20.1%, and the agronomic adaptability of narrow row dense planting was high.

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李玉環(huán),趙爍,楊麗,宋泉,李寶剛,楊發(fā)展.獨(dú)立分充式大豆雙排毛刷高速精量排種器設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2024,55(6):101-110. LI Yuhuan, ZHAO Shuo, YANG Li, SONG Quan, LI Baogang, YANG Fazhan. Design and Test of High-speed Precision Seeder of Independent Fractionated Soybean Double-row Brush[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2024,55(6):101-110.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-11-13
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2024-06-10
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