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果菜秸稈生物炭吸附設(shè)施土壤硝態(tài)氮性能與機(jī)制研究
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山東省重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2023TZXD026),、山東省農(nóng)業(yè)重大技術(shù)協(xié)同推廣計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(SDNYXTTG-2023-04)和寧夏回族自治區(qū)重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2023BCF01042)


Adsorption of Nitrate Nitrogen by Solanaceous Vegetables Straw-derived Biochar
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    摘要:

    在農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)中,過量偏施氮肥導(dǎo)致的硝酸鹽富集是次生鹽漬化,、酸化等土壤障礙的重要誘因,。生物炭因良好的吸附特性逐漸成為緩解鹽漬化的土壤調(diào)理劑,但果菜秸稈生物炭對(duì)硝酸鹽等離子的吸附研究鮮見報(bào)道,。以甜椒,、番茄和茄子3種果菜秸稈為原料熱解制備生物炭,進(jìn)行硝態(tài)氮吸附試驗(yàn),。通過掃描電鏡(SEM)和傅里葉近紅外光譜(FTIR)等技術(shù)對(duì)生物炭吸附前,、后表面形貌、官能團(tuán)等進(jìn)行表征分析,,利用吸附動(dòng)力學(xué)模型和等溫吸附模型等進(jìn)行擬合分析,,綜合模型參數(shù)和形貌表征解析果菜秸稈生物炭的吸附性能和機(jī)制。研究結(jié)果表明,,3種果菜秸稈生物炭對(duì)硝態(tài)氮均具有一定吸附能力,,茄子秸稈生物炭吸附能力最強(qiáng),最大理論平衡吸附量為114.788mg/g,,其次為番茄(29.736mg/g)和甜椒(9.759mg/g),;茄子和甜椒秸稈生物炭吸附性能優(yōu)于玉米、稻殼等大田作物秸稈生物炭,,吸附過程符合準(zhǔn)二級(jí)動(dòng)力學(xué)模型,,受化學(xué)鍵吸附、表面吸附和內(nèi)擴(kuò)散吸附過程的控制,,番茄秸稈生物炭吸附過程符合準(zhǔn)一級(jí)動(dòng)力學(xué)模型,,主要為物理吸附;FTIR分析顯示,,3種生物炭均含有羥基,、甲基、亞甲基、羧基和羰基官能團(tuán),,除此之外,,甜椒和茄子秸稈生物炭還含有醚鍵,番茄秸稈生物炭含有醇羥基,。因此,,3種果菜秸稈生物炭對(duì)硝態(tài)氮均具有吸附能力,茄子秸稈生物炭吸附能力最強(qiáng),,受孔隙填充,、官能團(tuán)和絡(luò)合作用等多種理化機(jī)制的影響,具有消減土壤次生鹽漬化的潛力,。本研究對(duì)鹽漬化土壤修復(fù)和果菜秸稈資源化利用具有理論意義,。

    Abstract:

    Nitrogen fertilizer was excessively applied in the agricultural production, which resulted in soil secondary salinization and deterioration. Biochar has been gradually applied in soil restoration due to adsorption capacity. However, solanaceous vegetables straw-derived biochar was rarely reported. The present study aimed to explore the effect of solanaceous vegetables straw-derived biochar on adsorption of nitrate nitrogen and mitigation of soil secondary salinization. Straws of sweet pepper, tomato and eggplant were prepared as biochar by pyrolysis. Adsorption and mechanism for nitrate nitrogen removal by experimental solanaceous vegetables straw biochar was examined. Surface morphology and functional groups were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform near-infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The adsorption process of nitrate nitrogen was simulated and fitted by kinetic model and isothermal adsorption model. The adsorption mechanism of biochar was analyzed according to morphology and model parameters. All of the experimental solanaceous vegetables strawderived biochar showed adsorption capacity of nitrate nitrogen. The maximum adsorption capacity of eggplant, tomato and sweet pepper straw-derived biochar were 114.788mg/g, 29.736mg/g and 9.759mg/g, respectively. The adsorption processes of eggplant and sweet pepper straw biochar were well fitted by quasi-second-order kinetic model, which was controlled by the integrated adsorption of chemical bond, micro-porefilling and internal diffusion. The adsorption process of tomato straw biochar was well fitted by the quasi-first-order kinetic model, which was mainly physical adsorption. Functional groups such as hydroxyl group, methyl group, methylene, carboxyl group and carbonyl group were observed in experimental biochar, according to FTIR analysis. Additionally, ether bonds were observed in eggplant and sweet pepper straw biochar and alcohol hydroxyl groups were observed in tomato straw biochar. Therefore, adsorption capacity of nitrate nitrogen was observed in the experimental solanaceous vegetables straw biochar. The eggplant straw biochar had the greatest adsorption capacity of nitrate nitrogen, which was affected by various physicochemical mechanisms such as pore filling, functional groups and complexation. The results demonstrated that eggplant straw biochar had great potential in amendments of secondary salinization soil. The present study provided insight into the effective utilization of solanaceous vegetables straw and soil remediation in crop production.

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楊慧華,劉紅葉,張晗,王仕娟,翟合生,魏珉,張大龍.果菜秸稈生物炭吸附設(shè)施土壤硝態(tài)氮性能與機(jī)制研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2024,55(5):386-394. YANG Huihua, LIU Hongye, ZHANG Han, WANG Shijuan, ZHAI Hesheng, WEI Min, ZHANG Dalong. Adsorption of Nitrate Nitrogen by Solanaceous Vegetables Straw-derived Biochar[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2024,55(5):386-394.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-12-20
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2024-03-02
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