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日光溫室作物冠層夏季光照強(qiáng)度與空氣溫濕度
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國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(31971786)


Spatiotemporal Variation of Crop-canopy Light Intensity and Air Temperature and Humidity in Summer Solar Greenhouse
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    摘要:

    針對(duì)溫室內(nèi)不同時(shí)間,、位置的環(huán)境參數(shù)存在變異性,且隨天氣與季節(jié)變化,,日光溫室冠層光照強(qiáng)度,、空氣溫度和空氣相對(duì)濕度的分布差異性問(wèn)題,構(gòu)建了基于無(wú)線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)的環(huán)境監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng),。環(huán)境感知節(jié)點(diǎn)部署在作物冠層位置,,集成了光照強(qiáng)度、空氣溫濕度等傳感器,。首先,,基于實(shí)時(shí)采集的溫室環(huán)境數(shù)據(jù),采用反距離加權(quán)算法進(jìn)行插值分析,,得到環(huán)境參數(shù)的離散曲面,;其次,通過(guò)基于質(zhì)心坐標(biāo)的K-means聚類算法,,得到了溫室內(nèi)連通及非連通區(qū)域的代表性特征點(diǎn),;最后,采用半變異函數(shù)與變異系數(shù)方法對(duì)溫室環(huán)境的空間變異性與時(shí)間變異性進(jìn)行分析,。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,,夏季日光溫室在下午表現(xiàn)為高溫與高光照,08:00,、16:00的光照強(qiáng)度分別為12:00的24.2%,、72.9%,08:00的空氣溫度(27.7℃)較12:00,、16:00低約6.0℃,,對(duì)應(yīng)的空氣濕度(90%)高約30%。晴天最大光照強(qiáng)度分別為陰天,、雨天的1.4倍和4.6倍,,晴天、陰天最高空氣溫度高于雨天(29.5℃)約6℃,,最小空氣相對(duì)濕度遠(yuǎn)低于雨天(84%),。夏季日光溫室晴天與陰天表現(xiàn)為高溫和低濕,雨天表現(xiàn)為高濕和低光照。各環(huán)境參數(shù)中,,光照強(qiáng)度的空間變異性最強(qiáng),,變程為10.34m??諝鉁貪穸鹊目臻g變異性較弱,,整體分布均勻。光照強(qiáng)度,、空氣溫度和空氣相對(duì)濕度的時(shí)間變異性均為中等變異程度。環(huán)境參數(shù)的特征點(diǎn)及時(shí)空變化規(guī)律有助于日光溫室傳感器的高效部署,,為揭示作物與環(huán)境的交互作用提供了基礎(chǔ),。

    Abstract:

    The solar greenhouse structure helps indoor lighting and heat storage, ensuring the normal growth of crops. However, there is variability in environmental parameters at different times and locations in the greenhouse, and they vary with weather and seasons. To reveal the spatiotemporal variation patterns of light intensity, air temperature and humidity in the canopy, an environmental monitoring system based on wireless sensor networks was built. Nodes with environmental information sensing functions such as light intensity, air temperature and humidity were deployed in the crop canopy to analyze the temporal and spatial variation of environmental parameters. Firstly, the inverse distance weighted algorithm was used to construct discrete data surface of canopy light intensity, air temperature and humidity. Secondly, the K-means clustering based on centroid coordinates of the interpolation results was carried out to calculate the position of the feature points of connected and non-connected areas in the greenhouse. Finally, the semi-variogram method was used to analyze the spatiotemporal variability of the monitoring parameters of the interpolation nodes. The experimental results showed that the solar greenhouse in summer presented high temperature and high light in the afternoon. The light intensity at 08:00 and 16:00 was 24.2% and 72.9% of that at 12:00, respectively. The air temperature at 08:00 (27.7℃) was about 6℃ lower than that at 12:00 and 16:00, and the air humidity (90%) was about 30% higher. The maximum light intensity in sunny day was 1.4 times of that in cloudy day and 4.6 times of that in rainy day. The maximum air temperature in sunny day and cloudy day was about 6℃ higher than that in rainy day (29.5℃), and the minimum air humidity were lower than that in rainy day (84%). The solar greenhouse presented high temperature and low humidity in both sunny day and cloudy day, and high humidity and low light in rainy day. The range of light intensity was 10.34m, and the spatial variability was strong. The spatial variability of air temperature and humidity was weak, and the overall distribution was relatively uniform. The temporal variability of light intensity, air temperature, and air humidity were moderate. The characteristic points and spatial and temporal variation patterns of environmental parameters contributed to the efficient deployment of solar greenhouse sensors and provided a basis for revealing the interaction between crops and the environment.

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呂歡歡,牛源藝,韓雨曉,李順達(dá),張漫,李寒.日光溫室作物冠層夏季光照強(qiáng)度與空氣溫濕度[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2024,55(5):368-378. Lü Huanhuan, NIU Yuanyi, HAN Yuxiao, LI Shunda, ZHANG Man, LI Han. Spatiotemporal Variation of Crop-canopy Light Intensity and Air Temperature and Humidity in Summer Solar Greenhouse[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2024,55(5):368-378.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-09-21
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2023-11-12
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