0.05),,F(xiàn)2處理比F1處理平均增加8.6%(P>0.05)與34.9%(P<0.05),;加氣灌溉對(duì)土壤CO2,、N2O排放通量有顯著影響,與CK處理相比,,A1和A2處理分別平均增加5.5%,、10.0%(P>0.05)和20.9%、62.9%(P<0.05),。番茄全生育期內(nèi)土壤CH4排放通量呈現(xiàn)土壤為CH4的匯,,灌水水平增大會(huì)增加土壤CH4排放通量,而施氮水平增加則會(huì)減小CH4排放通量,I2處理比I1處理平均增加27.8%(P<0.05),,F(xiàn)2處理比F1處理平均減少25.5%(P<0.05),;加氣、施氮和灌水會(huì)顯著增加番茄產(chǎn)量(P<0.05),。綜合考慮經(jīng)濟(jì)因素和生態(tài)因素,,A1F2I1處理效益最佳,即加氣水平A1,、施氮水平F2,、灌水水平I1的組合策略可以兼顧節(jié)水優(yōu)產(chǎn)減排要求,為西北地區(qū)溫室番茄較優(yōu)灌溉模式,。"/>

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溫室氣體排放與番茄產(chǎn)量對(duì)水肥氣耦合的響應(yīng)機(jī)制研究
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國家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(52179046,、51309192)


Response Mechanism of Soil Greenhouse Gas Emission and Yield of Greenhouse Tomato to Water-fertilizer-air Coupling
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    為探求溫室番茄節(jié)水減排優(yōu)產(chǎn)的灌溉模式,,以番茄(金鵬8號(hào))為研究對(duì)象,設(shè)置I1和I2(對(duì)應(yīng)作物-皿系數(shù)kcp為0.8和1.0)2個(gè)灌水水平,,F(xiàn)1和F2(對(duì)應(yīng)施氮量180kg/hm2和240kg/hm2)2個(gè)施氮水平,,A1、A2和CK(1倍和2倍文丘里加氣量,,不加氣CK作為對(duì)照處理)3個(gè)加氣水平,,采用3因素完全隨機(jī)設(shè)計(jì),共10個(gè)處理,,每個(gè)處理重復(fù)3次,,采用靜態(tài)暗箱-氣相色譜法對(duì)番茄全生育期溫室氣體排放進(jìn)行監(jiān)測分析,探究土壤CO2,、N2O,、CH4排放與番茄產(chǎn)量的變化規(guī)律;分析灌水水平,、施氮水平和加氣水平對(duì)溫室番茄產(chǎn)量和溫室氣體排放的影響,,綜合全球凈增溫潛勢(Net global warming potential, NGWP)和溫室氣體排放強(qiáng)度(Greenhouse gas intensity, GHGI),提出以節(jié)水減排高產(chǎn)為目標(biāo)的溫室番茄水肥氣一體化滴灌管理模式。結(jié)果表明:灌溉水平和施氮水平增大均會(huì)增加土壤CO2,、N2O排放通量,,I2處理較I1處理平均增加24.8%(P<0.05)與14.8%(P>0.05),F(xiàn)2處理比F1處理平均增加8.6%(P>0.05)與34.9%(P<0.05),;加氣灌溉對(duì)土壤CO2,、N2O排放通量有顯著影響,與CK處理相比,,A1和A2處理分別平均增加5.5%,、10.0%(P>0.05)和20.9%、62.9%(P<0.05),。番茄全生育期內(nèi)土壤CH4排放通量呈現(xiàn)土壤為CH4的匯,,灌水水平增大會(huì)增加土壤CH4排放通量,而施氮水平增加則會(huì)減小CH4排放通量,,I2處理比I1處理平均增加27.8%(P<0.05),,F(xiàn)2處理比F1處理平均減少25.5%(P<0.05);加氣,、施氮和灌水會(huì)顯著增加番茄產(chǎn)量(P<0.05),。綜合考慮經(jīng)濟(jì)因素和生態(tài)因素,A1F2I1處理效益最佳,,即加氣水平A1,、施氮水平F2、灌水水平I1的組合策略可以兼顧節(jié)水優(yōu)產(chǎn)減排要求,,為西北地區(qū)溫室番茄較優(yōu)灌溉模式,。

    Abstract:

    In order to seek the irrigation mode of greenhouse tomato land water conservation, emission reduction and superior yield, taking tomato (Jinpeng 8) as the research object, the experiment set I1 and I2 (corresponding to the crop-dish coefficient kcp 0.8 and 1.0) two irrigation levels, F1 and F2 (corresponding to the application of nitrogen 180kg/hm2 and 240kg/hm2) two nitrogen application levels with A1, A2 and CK (1 time and 2 times Venturi aeration, respectively, without aeration CK was used as control treatment) as three aeration levels, a three-factor completely randomized design with ten treatments, each treatment repeated three times, was used to monitor and analyze the greenhouse gas emissions during the whole life cycle of tomato by static dark box-gas chromatography, and to investigate the changing patterns of soil CO2, N2.O and CH4 emissions and tomato yield. The effects of irrigation level, nitrogen application level and gas addition level on the yield and greenhouse gas emission of greenhouse tomato were analyzed, and the net global warming potential (NGWP) and greenhouse gas intensity (GHGI) were synthesized, so as to put forward the greenhouse tomato water-fertilizer-airintegrated drip irrigation management mode with the goal of water conservation, emission reduction and high yield. The results showed that increasing irrigation level and nitrogen application level both increased soil CO2 and N2O emission fluxes, with an average increase of 24.8% (P<0.05) versus 14.8% (P>0.05) in the I2 treatment compared with that in the I1 treatment, and an average increase of 86% (P>0.05) versus 34.9% (P<0.05) in the F2 treatment compared with that in the F1 treatment. Aerated irrigation had a significant effect on soil CO2 and N2O emission fluxes, which increased by an average of 5.5% and 10.0% (P>0.05) in A1, 20.9% and 62.9% (P<0.05) in A2 treatments, respectively, as compared with that in CK treatment. Soil CH4 emission fluxes during the whole tomato reproductive period did not have a significant pattern of change, showing the soil as a sink for CH4, increasing irrigation level would increase soil CH4 emission fluxes, while increasing nitrogen application level would reduce CH4 emission fluxes, I2 treatment increased by 27.8% on average compared with I1(P<0.05), and F2 treatment decreased by 25.5% on average compared with F1(P<0.05). Aerating, the fertilization and irrigation significantly increased tomato yield (P<0.05). Considering the economic and ecological factors, the benefits of A1F2I1 treatment were the best, the combination strategy of aerating level A1, applying nitrogen level F2, and irrigating level I1 can take into account the requirements of water conservation and superior yield reduction, and provide a reference for the better irrigation mode of greenhouse tomato in Northwest China.

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孫亞楠,段琳博,鐘華昱,蔡煥杰,王曉云,趙政鑫.溫室氣體排放與番茄產(chǎn)量對(duì)水肥氣耦合的響應(yīng)機(jī)制研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2024,55(5):312-322. SUN Ya’nan, DUAN Linbo, ZHONG Huayu, CAI Huanjie, WANG Xiaoyun, ZHAO Zhengxin. Response Mechanism of Soil Greenhouse Gas Emission and Yield of Greenhouse Tomato to Water-fertilizer-air Coupling[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2024,55(5):312-322.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-10-17
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2024-01-09
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