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溫室電動(dòng)拖拉機(jī)旋耕穩(wěn)定性時(shí)序分析與前饋PID控制方法研究
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國(guó)家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2016YFD0701003)、江蘇省現(xiàn)代農(nóng)機(jī)裝備與技術(shù)示范與推廣項(xiàng)目(NJ2021-36)和金華市重點(diǎn)科技計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2022-1-075)


Rotary Tillage Stability of Greenhouse Electric Tractor Based on Time Series Analysis and Feedforward PID
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    摘要:

    針對(duì)溫室小型農(nóng)機(jī)對(duì)地面平整度敏感,,微小的地面起伏便會(huì)造成機(jī)具俯仰的情況,,基于課題組已開發(fā)的溫室電動(dòng)拖拉機(jī),將基于時(shí)間序列分析的角度預(yù)測(cè)方法引入前饋PID控制(Angle prediction and feedforward PID,,APF-PID),,解決了溫室旋耕作業(yè)中因機(jī)具俯仰而出現(xiàn)的響應(yīng)性差、耕深不穩(wěn)定和功率突變的問題,。建立了溫室電動(dòng)拖拉機(jī)旋耕作業(yè)的功率模型,,并建立了俯仰角-耕深的轉(zhuǎn)換矩陣,,得到了旋耕系統(tǒng)實(shí)際耕深的轉(zhuǎn)換值,;采用時(shí)間序列分析預(yù)測(cè)機(jī)身俯仰角,并作為旋耕系統(tǒng)的擾動(dòng)輸入,;結(jié)合耕深的轉(zhuǎn)換值和預(yù)測(cè)得到的擾動(dòng),,采用APF-PID控制器調(diào)節(jié)旋耕系統(tǒng)的提升機(jī)構(gòu),將旋耕機(jī)維持在目標(biāo)耕深,;在溫室內(nèi)未旋耕和已旋耕的兩種地塊進(jìn)行實(shí)車試驗(yàn),。結(jié)果表明:俯仰角時(shí)序預(yù)測(cè)模型的相關(guān)系數(shù)可達(dá)0.9832;APF-PID控制的控制性能優(yōu)于PID控制,,在目標(biāo)耕深6cm的測(cè)試路面中,,APF-PID在兩種試驗(yàn)地塊上的平均耕深分別為6.47cm和6.44cm,均方根誤差為0.80cm和0.72cm,,絕對(duì)平均誤差為0.67cm和0.58cm,,耕深穩(wěn)定性系數(shù)為89.95%和91.30%,消耗的總能量較PID控制分別降低4.18%和19.13%,,較好地實(shí)現(xiàn)了溫室電動(dòng)拖拉機(jī)旋耕穩(wěn)定性控制,,滿足溫室作業(yè)需求。

    Abstract:

    In response to the sensitivity of greenhouse small agricultural machinery to ground flatness, small ground undulations can cause the equipment to pitch. Based on the greenhouse electric tractor developed by the research group, the method based on time series analysis was introduced into angle prediction and feedforward PID control (APF-PID) to solve the problems of poor responsiveness, unstable tillage depth, and sudden power changes caused by equipment pitch in greenhouse rotary tillage operations. Firstly, a power model for greenhouse electric tractor rotary tillage operation was established, and a conversion matrix between pitch angle and tillage depth was established to obtain the conversion value of the actual tillage depth of the rotary tillage system. Secondly, time series analysis was used to predict the pitch angle of the aircraft body and serve as disturbance input for the rotary tillage system. Then, combining the conversion value of tillage depth and the predicted disturbance, the APF-PID controller was used to adjust the lifting mechanism of the rotary tillage system, and the rotary tiller was maintained at the target tillage depth. Finally, actual vehicle experiments were conducted on two types of plots in a greenhouse, one without rotary tillage and the other with rotary tillage. The results showed that the correlation coefficient of the pitch angle time series prediction model can reach 0.9832, the control performance of APF-PID control was superior to that of PID control. In the test road surface with a target tillage depth of 6cm, the average tillage depth of APF-PID on two test plots was 6.47cm and 6.44cm, with root mean square errors of 0.80cm and 0.72cm, absolute average errors of 0.67cm and 0.58cm, and tillage depth stability coefficients of 89.95% and 91.30%, respectively. The total energy consumption was reduced by 4.18% and 19.13% compared with that of PID control, which effectively achieved the stability control of greenhouse electric tractor rotary tillage and met the requirements of greenhouse operations.

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楊杭旭,周俊,齊澤中,孫晨陽,賴國(guó)梁.溫室電動(dòng)拖拉機(jī)旋耕穩(wěn)定性時(shí)序分析與前饋PID控制方法研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2024,55(3):412-420. YANG Hangxu, ZHOU Jun, QI Zezhong, SUN Chenyang, LAI Guoliang. Rotary Tillage Stability of Greenhouse Electric Tractor Based on Time Series Analysis and Feedforward PID[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2024,55(3):412-420.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-09-21
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2023-12-27
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