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多出口扇形噴嘴干冰噴射速凍藍(lán)莓特性研究
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國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(52376069)和天津市大學(xué)生創(chuàng)新訓(xùn)練計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(202310069078)


Characteristics of Dry Ice Jet Quickfrozen Blueberries with Multi-outlet Fan-shaped Nozzle
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    摘要:

    為提高干冰微粒速凍藍(lán)莓的噴嘴霧化特性,,優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)一種多出口扇形噴嘴,,噴射出扇形干冰微粒射流,更均勻更快速地凍結(jié)藍(lán)莓,。建立多出口扇形噴嘴的物理模型及藍(lán)莓速凍干冰射流流場(chǎng)計(jì)算模型,。基于Fluent軟件,,采用氣固兩相動(dòng)力學(xué)模型DPS,、Realizable,、k-ε湍流模型對(duì)多出口扇形噴嘴干冰微粒噴射速凍藍(lán)莓的過程進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬研究。探究了扇形噴嘴出口不同V形切槽角(60°,、70°,、80°、90°)在相同的入口流量和出口孔徑下,,對(duì)干冰微粒在速凍腔內(nèi)的流場(chǎng)分布,、藍(lán)莓的凍結(jié)速率和凍結(jié)均勻性等參數(shù)的影響。結(jié)果表明:隨著V形切槽角的增加,,扇形沖擊射流寬度降低,,沖擊射流核心區(qū)域內(nèi)的流速增加。當(dāng)多出口扇形噴嘴出口V形切槽角為70°時(shí),,相比60°,、80°、90°速凍腔內(nèi)整盤藍(lán)莓的凍結(jié)完成時(shí)間分布最集中,,整體的凍結(jié)速度快,,流場(chǎng)最均勻,為此噴嘴模型(入口孔徑30mm,,入口流速0.25m/s,,出口為圓周布置的孔徑5.2mm×6(6個(gè)孔徑為5.2mm的出口)和中心布置的孔徑2mm×4的組合)最優(yōu)出口參數(shù)。隨后對(duì)模擬仿真最優(yōu)結(jié)果進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)測(cè)試,,可得整盤藍(lán)莓完成速凍的時(shí)間為119s,,凍結(jié)速率為0.50cm/min,實(shí)驗(yàn)與模擬降溫曲線誤差為4.3%,。對(duì)速凍后藍(lán)莓的花青素含量,、可溶性固形物質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)以及失水率等進(jìn)行測(cè)試,結(jié)果表明干冰速凍后藍(lán)莓在貯藏期間的感官品質(zhì)保持較好,,優(yōu)于速凍藍(lán)莓標(biāo)準(zhǔn),。

    Abstract:

    In order to improve the atomization characteristics of quick-frozen blueberries, a fan-shaped nozzle with multi-outlet was designed and optimized. It can spray a fan-shaped dry ice particle jet, which can ultimately freeze blueberries more evenly and quickly. A physical model of a multi-outlet fan-shaped nozzle and a computational model of the dry ice jet flow field for quick-frozen blueberries were established. Using Fluent software and the gas-solid two-phase dynamics model DPS, Realizable,k-ε turbulence model, a numerical simulation study was conducted on the process of quick-freezing blueberries by using a multi-outlet fan-shaped nozzle for dry ice particle spraying. The different V-shaped groove angles (60°, 70°, 80° and 90°) at the outlet of the fan-shaped nozzle were investigated, the effects of different angles on the flow field distribution of dry ice particles in quick-freezing chamber, as well as the freezing rate of blueberry and the freezing uniformity were studied under the same inlet flow rate and outlet aperture. The results showed that as the angle of the V-shaped groove was increased, the width of the fan-shaped impinging jet was decreased, and the flow velocity in the core region of the impinging jet was increased. When the V-shaped groove angle of the multi-outlet fan-shaped nozzle outlet was 70°, compared with 60°, 80°, and 90°, the freezing completion time distribution of the whole plate of blueberries in the quick-freezing chamber was the most concentrated, the overall freezing speed was fast, and the flow field was the most uniform. Therefore, it was the optimal outlet parameter for this nozzle model (inlet diameter of 30mm, inlet velocity of 0.25m/s, outlet was a combination of circularly arranged diameter of 5.2mm×6(there were six outlets with a hole diameter of 5.2mm)and centrally arranged diameter of 2mm×4). The optimal result of the simulation was then tested experimentally. The results showed that the whole plate of blueberries completed quick-freezing in 119s, with a freezing rate of 0.50cm/min. The error between the experimental and simulated cooling curves was 4.3%. Tests were conducted on anthocyanins content, soluble solids, mass fraction, and water loss rate of frozen blueberries after quick freezing. The results showed that the sensory quality of dry ice quick-frozen blueberries during storage was better than that of national standard quick-frozen blueberries.

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寧?kù)o紅,宋志朋,楊鑫,任子亮,王暖厚,包翔.多出口扇形噴嘴干冰噴射速凍藍(lán)莓特性研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2024,55(3):392-400. NING Jinghong, SONG Zhipeng, YANG Xin, REN Ziliang, WANG Nuanhou, BAO Xiang. Characteristics of Dry Ice Jet Quickfrozen Blueberries with Multi-outlet Fan-shaped Nozzle[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2024,55(3):392-400.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-07-31
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2023-10-02
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