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減施氮肥和接種根瘤菌對(duì)大豆生理生長(zhǎng)與氮素利用效率及產(chǎn)量的影響
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國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(52179045)和大學(xué)生創(chuàng)新性實(shí)驗(yàn)項(xiàng)目(S202210712619)


Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer Reduction and Rhizobia Inoculation on Physiological Growth, Nitrogen Use Efficiency and Yield of Soybean
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    摘要:

    在干旱,、半干旱地區(qū)農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)中,,廣泛采用接種根瘤菌、施用氮素等措施來促進(jìn)大豆生長(zhǎng)以提高產(chǎn)量,,然而少有研究討論接種根瘤菌與施用氮素的交互作用對(duì)大豆生長(zhǎng)和產(chǎn)量的影響規(guī)律,。本研究通過為期2年的田間試驗(yàn),設(shè)置4個(gè)施氮水平(N0:0kg/hm2,;N1: 60kg/hm2,;N2: 120kg/hm2;N3: 180kg/hm2)和2種接種水平,,即接種根瘤菌(R)和清水拌種,。在大豆各生育期測(cè)量根瘤數(shù)、根瘤干質(zhì)量,、葉面積指數(shù),、干物質(zhì)積累及根系特性等大豆生長(zhǎng)指標(biāo)和葉綠素含量、光合參數(shù),、熒光參數(shù)等生理指標(biāo),,同時(shí)還測(cè)定氮素吸收量等指標(biāo)并計(jì)算氮素利用效率。結(jié)果表明,,RN2處理下的大豆生長(zhǎng)狀況最佳,,2年平均最大根瘤數(shù)為241.47、最大根瘤干質(zhì)量為1.30g,、最大根長(zhǎng)密度為 15.00cm/cm3,、最大葉面積指數(shù)為5.44cm2/cm2、最大干物質(zhì)積累量為17530.51kg/hm2,、最大葉綠素含量為53.55,、最大凈光合速率為32.75μmol/(m2·s)、最大種子產(chǎn)量為4659.4kg/hm2,。由此可見減少氮肥施用量(N2)的同時(shí)接種根瘤菌(R)對(duì)于促進(jìn)關(guān)中平原大豆的生理生長(zhǎng),、提升對(duì)氮素的利用效率、提高大豆產(chǎn)量具有重要意義,。本研究可為提高干旱半干旱地區(qū)大豆生產(chǎn)水平提供理論支持和實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn),。

    Abstract:

    In agricultural production within arid and semiarid regions, common practices involve rhizobium bacteria inoculation and nitrogen application to promote soybean growth and increase seed yields. However, there has been limited research on the interaction between rhizobium inoculation and nitrogen application and their impact on soybean growth and yield. This twoyear field experiment aimed to address this gap by investigating four nitrogen application levels (N0: 0kg/hm2, N1: 60kg/hm2, N2: 120kg/hm2, N3: 180kg/hm2) and two inoculation levels: rhizobium inoculation (R) and water mixed with no inoculation (unmarked). Various parameters related to soybean growth, including nodule number, nodule dry weight, leaf area index (LAI), biomass accumulation and root characteristics, were measured at different growth stages. Additionally, physiological indicators such as chlorophyll content, photosynthetic parameters, fluorescence parameters and nitrogen uptake, along with nitrogen use efficiency calculations were assessed. The results demonstrated that soybean growth reached its optimum under the RN2 treatment, with maximum nodule number of 241.47, maximum nodule dry weight of 1.30g,maximum root length density of 15.00cm/cm3, maximum LAI of 5.44cm2/cm2, maximum biomass accumulation of 17530.51kg/hm2, maximum chlorophyll content of 53.55, maximum net photosynthesis rate of 32.75μmol/(m2·s), and maximum seed yield of 4659.4kg/hm2. In conclusion, reducing nitrogen fertilizer application (N2) while concurrently inoculating with rhizobium (R) was essential for enhancing the physiological growth of soybeans in the Guanzhong Plain, improving nitrogen use efficiency and increasing soybean yields. The research result can provide both theoretical underpinning and practical experience to elevate soybean production in arid and semi-arid regions.

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向友珍,張威,唐子竣,付駿宇,李志軍,張富倉(cāng).減施氮肥和接種根瘤菌對(duì)大豆生理生長(zhǎng)與氮素利用效率及產(chǎn)量的影響[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2024,55(3):340-351. XIANG Youzhen, ZHANG Wei, TANG Zijun, FU Junyu, LI Zhijun, ZHANG Fucang. Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer Reduction and Rhizobia Inoculation on Physiological Growth, Nitrogen Use Efficiency and Yield of Soybean[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2024,55(3):340-351.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-08-01
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2023-09-26
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