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蔬菜泡沫育苗盤多適應(yīng)性自動疊盤裝置設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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國家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2021YFD1600300-4/06、2020YFD1000300)


Design and Test of Automatic Tray Stacking Device for Vegetable Foam Seedling Trays
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    摘要:

    為了提高蔬菜育苗流水線育苗盤轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)效率,,針對人工取盤疊放存在的勞動強(qiáng)度大和整齊度偏低的問題,,設(shè)計(jì)了一款針對蔬菜漂浮育苗的多適應(yīng)性自動疊盤裝置。該裝置由機(jī)架,、育苗盤輸送機(jī)構(gòu),、育苗盤疊盤機(jī)構(gòu)和控制系統(tǒng)組成,裝置以200Smart PLC為控制核心,,利用主副傳送帶實(shí)現(xiàn)育苗盤的輸送,,并結(jié)合光電傳感器實(shí)現(xiàn)育苗盤的定位,可以完成不同尺寸泡沫育苗盤的自動疊盤,,設(shè)計(jì)的水平調(diào)節(jié)單元和減振單元可實(shí)現(xiàn)育苗盤在疊盤機(jī)構(gòu)上的水平位置調(diào)節(jié)并降低疊盤過程的振動沖擊,。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,,育苗流水線播種環(huán)節(jié)在生產(chǎn)率450盤/h下,自動疊盤裝置在減振彈簧線徑為1.5mm,、主副傳送帶速度差為0.1m/s以及電缸升降速度為0.13m/s時(shí),,200孔穴育苗盤疊盤效果最佳,疊盤成功率為100%,,疊盤錯(cuò)位差方差為2.32mm2,,同時(shí)振動檢測試驗(yàn)中育苗盤X軸、Y軸,、Z軸方向的振幅均未超過0.8mm,,更換135、160孔穴的泡沫育苗盤進(jìn)行試驗(yàn),,疊盤成功率均為100%,,疊盤錯(cuò)位差方差分別為3.94mm2和5.98mm2,說明該裝置滿足多適應(yīng)性的要求,。在此最優(yōu)作業(yè)參數(shù)下,,將育苗流水線播種環(huán)節(jié)生產(chǎn)率提升至900盤/h時(shí),育苗盤最大振幅為0.709mm,,振幅無明顯變化,,說明該裝置作業(yè)穩(wěn)定性較好,。該研究結(jié)果可為播種流水線疊盤裝置提高疊盤效果和降低疊盤振動等研究提供參考,。

    Abstract:

    In order to improve the transfer efficiency of seedling tray in vegetable seedling raising line, and aiming at the problems of high labor intensity and low uniformity that exist in manual tray stacking, a multi-adaptive automatic tray stacking device for vegetable floating seedling was designed. The device was composed of frame, seedling tray conveying mechanism, tray stacking mechanism and the control system. The device took 200Smart PLC as the control core, and used the main and auxiliary conveyor belts to realize the transportation of the seedling trays, and combined the photoelectric sensor to realize the positioning of the seedling trays, which can complete the automatic stacking of foam seedling trays of different sizes, and the designed horizontal adjustment mechanism and vibration reduction mechanism can achieve the horizontal position adjustment of the seedling trays on the stacking mechanism and reduce the vibration impact of the stacking process. The test results showed that under the production rate of 450 plates/h of seedling line, the best effect of automatic stacking device was achieved when the wire diameter of the damping spring was 1.5mm, the speed gap between the main and auxiliary conveyor belts was 0.1m/s and the rising and falling speed of the electric cylinder was 0.13m/s for tray of 200 holes, and the success rate of tray stacking was 100%, and the deviation variance of tray stacking uniformity was 2.32mm2. At the same time, the amplitudes of X axis, Y axis and Z axis of the seedling trays did not exceed 0.8mm in the vibration detection test. And when 135 holes and 160 holes of foam seedling trays were replaced in the test, the success rate of stacking were 100%, and the deviation variance of tray stacking uniformity were 3.94mm2 and 5.98mm2, which showed that the device met the requirements of multi-adaptability. Under the optimal operating parameters, when the productivity of seedling line was increased to 900 plates/h, the maximum amplitude of the seedling trays was 0.709mm, and there was no significant change in the amplitude, which indicated that the device had good operational stability. The research results can provide reference for improving the stacking effect and reducing the vibration of the seedling line.

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李旭,伍碩祥,匡敏球,劉青,劉大為,謝方平.蔬菜泡沫育苗盤多適應(yīng)性自動疊盤裝置設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2024,55(3):122-132. LI Xu, WU Shuoxiang, KUANG Minqiu, LIU Qing, LIU Dawei, XIE Fangping. Design and Test of Automatic Tray Stacking Device for Vegetable Foam Seedling Trays[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2024,55(3):122-132.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-07-31
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2023-10-10
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