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番茄缽苗移栽探出式取缽機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計與試驗
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國家自然科學(xué)基金項目(52105247),、黑龍江省自然科學(xué)基金優(yōu)秀青年項目(YQ2023E001)、黑龍江省普通本科高等學(xué)校青年創(chuàng)新人才培養(yǎng)計劃項目(UNPYSCT-2020099),、中央支持地方高校改革發(fā)展資金優(yōu)秀青年項目和東北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)“學(xué)術(shù)骨干”基金項目


Design and Experiment of Extensible Type of Picking Seedling Pot Mechanism for Tomato Pot Seedling Transplanting
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    摘要:

    為了降低番茄缽苗移栽過程取缽機(jī)構(gòu)對秧苗缽?fù)粮档膿p傷,,同時避免機(jī)械式缽苗移栽機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計特殊取苗軌跡與姿態(tài)的優(yōu)化難題,提出了一種可與系列移栽機(jī)構(gòu)配合使用的番茄缽苗探出式取缽機(jī)構(gòu),,實現(xiàn)取苗各關(guān)鍵位置機(jī)構(gòu)秧針以固定角度完成探出入缽,、移動送苗及收回推秧工序。根據(jù)缽苗移栽取缽過程分析與設(shè)計要求,,建立了探出式取缽機(jī)構(gòu)力學(xué)分析模型,,并獲得影響秧針扎入缽?fù)習(xí)r驅(qū)動桿受最小驅(qū)動力的因素?;贛atlab App Designer平臺開發(fā)了取缽機(jī)構(gòu)計算機(jī)輔助分析設(shè)計軟件,,獲得滿足番茄缽苗移栽要求的取缽機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計參數(shù)集,。采用三因素五水平二次回歸正交旋轉(zhuǎn)中心組合試驗方法,以驅(qū)動桿斜桿夾角,、缽體含水率,、入缽深度為試驗因素,以缽體完整率和取苗成功率為評價指標(biāo),,試制樣機(jī)并搭建臺架實施參數(shù)組合優(yōu)化及驗證試驗,,結(jié)果表明:探出式取缽機(jī)構(gòu)可有效地配合取苗機(jī)構(gòu)完成各項性能工作要求,在參數(shù)組合為驅(qū)動斜桿間夾角112°,、缽體含水率57.5%,、入缽深度28.4mm時作業(yè)效果最佳,缽體完整率為96.44%,,取苗成功率為97.06%,,滿足缽苗移栽作業(yè)性能。

    Abstract:

    In order to lower the damage to the root system and pot soil of the seedling caused by the picking seedling pot mechanism in the tomato pot seedling transplanting process, and avoid the optimization problem of special seedling-picking trajectory and posture design of the mechanical pot seedling transplanting mechanism, the extensible type of picking seedling pot mechanism that can be used in conjunction with a series of transplanting mechanisms was proposed. It was achievable that the seedling needles of the mechanism at key positions of the picking seedling completed the process of protruding into the seedling pot, moving and delivering seedlings, and retrieving and pushing seedlings at a fixed angle. Based on the analysis and design requirements of the process of transplanting and picking seedling pot, the mechanical analysis model of the picking seedling pot mechanism was established, and the factors affecting the minimum driving force on the driving rod when the seedling needles protruding into the seedling pot were obtained. A computer-aided analysis and design software for the picking seedling pot mechanism was developed based on the Matlab App Designer platform, obtaining a set of picking seedling pot mechanism design parameters that met the requirements of tomato pot seedling transplantation. Using the three-factor five-level quadratic regression orthogonal rotation center combination test method, taking the angle of inclined rods, moisture content of seedling pot and depth into the pot as the test factors, and taking the integrity rate of the pot and the success rate of taking seedlings as the evaluation indexes, the prototype was trial manufactured and the bench was built to implement the parameter combination optimization and verification test. The results showed that the extensible type of picking seedling pot mechanism could effectively cooperate with the seedling picking mechanism to complete the performance requirements. The results showed that the operation effect was the best when the combination parameters included angle of the driving inclined rods was 112°, the moisture content of the seedling pot was 57.5%, and the depth into the pot was 28.4mm. The integrity rate of the seedling pot was 96.44%, and the success rate of picking seedlings was 97.06%, which met the performance of pot seedling transplanting.

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辛亮,王明成,孫國玉,張浩,孫銘翼,王航.番茄缽苗移栽探出式取缽機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報,2024,55(3):96-105. XIN Liang, WANG Mingcheng, SUN Guoyu, ZHANG Hao, SUN Mingyi, WANG Hang. Design and Experiment of Extensible Type of Picking Seedling Pot Mechanism for Tomato Pot Seedling Transplanting[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2024,55(3):96-105.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-12-22
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2024-01-15
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