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畜禽糞污處理中氨氣膜接觸器回收的傳質(zhì)及選擇性研究
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國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(32002222、52076101)和中央高校基本科研業(yè)務(wù)經(jīng)費(fèi)專項(xiàng)資金項(xiàng)目(2662022GXYJ006)


Mass Transfer and Selectivity of Ammonia Recovery Using Membrane Contactor during Manure Treatment
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    摘要:

    對(duì)畜禽糞污好氧堆肥中產(chǎn)生的氨氣與厭氧發(fā)酵后沼液中的氨氮進(jìn)行回收,不僅可以減少污染物和溫室氣體的排放,達(dá)到減污降碳的目的,還能獲得氮肥產(chǎn)品,增加糞污處理的經(jīng)濟(jì)性。針對(duì)現(xiàn)有氨氣捕集過(guò)程中設(shè)備體積大和靈活性差等問(wèn)題,提出了采用中空纖維膜來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)氨氣捕集的目標(biāo)。采用空氣吹掃氨水溶液模擬了不同情形下的氨氣濃度與空氣流量,測(cè)試不同情形下氨氣捕集的通量和回收率,分析影響氨氣捕集的主要因素和傳質(zhì)特性。結(jié)果表明,氨氣向膜內(nèi)傳質(zhì)的阻力主要受氣相傳質(zhì)阻力和膜的傳質(zhì)阻力影響,低空氣流量下氣相傳質(zhì)阻力占主導(dǎo)地位。提升空氣流量至5L/min時(shí),氣相傳質(zhì)阻力比0.5L/min時(shí)下降53.6%,此時(shí)膜內(nèi)傳質(zhì)阻力占主導(dǎo)。氨氣捕集通量隨進(jìn)膜氨氣濃度的增大而提升。在空氣流量低于1L/min下,氨氮回收率高于95%,0.5L/min時(shí)的氨氮回收率高于99%。在氨氣停留時(shí)間足夠的條件下,氨氮回收率僅與酸液吸收容量相關(guān)。在溫度差和濃度差的影響下,空氣中的水蒸氣會(huì)向膜內(nèi)的吸收劑中傳遞。吸收劑中含質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)26%的硫酸銨比僅含1%的硫銨溶液水回收通量高13.3倍,氨氮分離因子由41.6降低至3.06。酸液質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)對(duì)氨氣的傳質(zhì)無(wú)顯著影響。文獻(xiàn)對(duì)比表明典型狀態(tài)下糞污處理中的氨氣釋放質(zhì)量濃度與本研究中涉及的質(zhì)量濃度區(qū)間基本一致,說(shuō)明中空纖維膜捕集氨氣具有較廣的適用性。

    Abstract:

    Ammonia recovery from aerobic composting of livestock and poultry manure, or recovery from biogas slurry, can not only reduce pollutant and greenhouse gas emissions, but also obtain nitrogen fertilizer products. Aiming to use hollow fiber membrane absorption process for ammonia gas capture to solve the problems of large equipment volume and poor flexibility in the existing ammonia capture process, air stripping of diluted aqueous ammonia solution was used to prepare ammonia contained air. Then, the simulated ammonia contained air was flowed into hollow fiber membrane contactor, in which ammonia was captured by acid solution flowing in the tube side of the hollow fiber. By analyzing the total ammonium nitrogen concentration in the aqueous ammonia solution and acid solution, the ammonia mass transfer characteristics can be acquired. The results indicated that the mass transfer resistance of ammonia capture was mainly influenced by the gas phase mass transfer resistance and the membrane mass transfer resistance. The gas phase mass transfer resistance dominated at low air flow rates. However, when the air flow rate was increased to 5L/min, the gas phase mass transfer resistance was decreased by 53.6% compared with that of 0.5L/min, and the membrane mass transfer resistance dominants. The ammonia capture flux was increased with the elevation of ammonia concentration. Ammonia recovery ratio was above 95% at an air flow rate below 1L/min, while it was increased to above 99% at air flow rate of 0.5L/min. The ammonia recovery ratio was only related to the acid absorption capacity if sufficient ammonia retention time was provided. Under the dual influence of temperature and concentration differences, water vapor in the air would transfer into the membrane thus decreasing the product concentration. When the mass fraction of absorbent was 26%, the water transfer flux was 13.3 times higher than that of using 1% sulfuric acid solution. Besides, ammonia separation factor was decreased from 41.6 to 3.06. Acid concentration variation had no significant impact on the mass transfer of ammonia. Literature review showed that the ammonia release concentration in typical manure treatment was basically consistent with the concentration range. The hollow fiber membrane proposed had a wide applicability for capturing ammonia.

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賀清堯,廖婷,陳號(hào)遷,劉夢(mèng)飛,紀(jì)龍,晏水平.畜禽糞污處理中氨氣膜接觸器回收的傳質(zhì)及選擇性研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2024,55(2):338-345. HE Qingyao, LIAO Ting, CHEN Haoqian, LIU Mengfei, JI Long, YAN Shuiping. Mass Transfer and Selectivity of Ammonia Recovery Using Membrane Contactor during Manure Treatment[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2024,55(2):338-345.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-06-29
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2024-02-10
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