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雙定刀滑切防纏式香蕉秸稈粉碎還田機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(52075137,、51965015),、海南省重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(SQ2022XDNY0150)、海南省院士創(chuàng)新平臺(tái)項(xiàng)目(HD-YSZX-202005,、HD-YSZX-202101)和黑龍江省“百千萬(wàn)”工程科技重大專項(xiàng)(2020ZX17B01-2)


Optimal Design and Experiment of Double Fixed Knife Slip-cutting and Anti-tangle Banana Straw Crushing and Returning Machine
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    摘要:

    針對(duì)我國(guó)香蕉秸稈粉碎還田作業(yè)過(guò)程中香蕉秸稈粉碎質(zhì)量差,,秸稈纏繞堵塞等問(wèn)題,設(shè)計(jì)了一種雙定刀滑切防纏式香蕉秸稈粉碎還田機(jī),?;诨卸ɡ?,解析了粉碎刀隨軸轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)過(guò)程中的動(dòng)態(tài)滑切角和粉碎定刀滑切角的相對(duì)作用原理,以等速螺線設(shè)計(jì)L形粉碎定刀刀刃曲線,,確定了粉碎刀結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù),;對(duì)香蕉秸稈纏繞粉碎刀輥進(jìn)行受力分析,設(shè)計(jì)防纏繞板并確定裝配數(shù)量與結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù),;以裝置前進(jìn)速度,、粉碎刀輥轉(zhuǎn)速、防纏繞板高度為試驗(yàn)因素,,以香蕉秸稈粉碎合格率,、拋撒不均勻度和香蕉秸稈纏繞數(shù)量為評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)進(jìn)行三因素三水平正交試驗(yàn),建立因素與指標(biāo)的響應(yīng)面數(shù)學(xué)模型,。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,,最優(yōu)參數(shù)組合為作業(yè)機(jī)前進(jìn)速度1.5m/s、防纏繞板高度41.6mm,、粉碎刀輥轉(zhuǎn)速1800r/min,,此時(shí)香蕉秸稈粉碎合格率為93.8%,香蕉秸稈纏繞數(shù)量為26,,香蕉秸稈拋撒不均勻度為12.1%,。以最優(yōu)組合進(jìn)行田間試驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證,試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明雙定刀滑切防纏式香蕉秸稈粉碎還田機(jī)整機(jī)防纏性能優(yōu)越,,滿足設(shè)計(jì)要求,。

    Abstract:

    With a large banana growing area in the tropics of China, about 35 million tons of waste straw will be produced each year, and the traditional way of dealing with banana straw is time consuming and polluting. Crushing banana straw back to the field is a green way of dealing with banana straw, and varieties of banana straw crushers have been developed in China. However, the diameter of banana straw in the mature stage can reach 250mm, banana straw crushing and return machine in the operation of uneven crushing, banana straw fiber entanglement serious, return machine operation quality and other problems still exist. In response to the problem that banana straw is not thoroughly crushed during the operation of banana straw crushing and returning to the field in tropical areas of China, and the straw block is entangled and blocked the key parts, which affects the normal operation of the machine, a double fixed knife slip-cutting type anti-tangle banana straw crushing and returning machine was designed. Based on the slip-cutting theorem, the dynamic slip-cutting angle during the rotation of the crushing knife with the shaft and the slip-cutting angle during the crushing process of the crushing fixed knife were analyzed, the L-shaped crushing fixed knife blade curve was designed according to the equal velocity spiral, and the structural parameters of the crushing knife were determined;the anti-winding plate was designed, the force analysis of the banana straw winding crushing knife roll was performed, and the number of anti-winding plate assembly and structural parameters were determined. The anti-winding plate was designed, the force on banana straw winding crushing knife roller was analyzed, the number of anti-winding plate assembly and structural parameters were determined;the anti-winding cover was used to improve the anti-winding performance at the knife roller connection;the device forward speed, crushing knife roller speed and anti-winding plate height were taken as test factors for banana straw crushing pass rate, throwing unevenness and the number of banana straw winding as three-level and three-factor orthogonal test, the establishment of factors and indicators of the response surface mathematical model was done, the relationship between factors and evaluation indicators was analyzed, and optimization of the influencing factors was carried out. The experiment results showed that the optimal combination of parameters for each test factor was as follows: the forward speed of the machine was 1.5m/s, the height of the anti-tangle plate was 41.6mm, and the speed of the crushing knife roller was 1800r/min, and then the banana straw crushing qualified rate was 93.8%, the number of banana straw winding was 26, and the unevenness of banana straw throwing was 12.1%. And the optimal combination of field test verification, with the optimization of the solution results of the error was small;the design of double fixed knife slide cut anti-tangle banana straw crushing machine whole machine anti-tangle performance was superior to satisfy the design requirements.

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張喜瑞,楊幼銘,劉宏新,劉俊孝,張志富,曹碩.雙定刀滑切防纏式香蕉秸稈粉碎還田機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2024,55(2):36-49. ZHANG Xirui, YANG Youming, LIU Hongxin, LIU Junxiao, ZHANG Zhifu, CAO Shuo. Optimal Design and Experiment of Double Fixed Knife Slip-cutting and Anti-tangle Banana Straw Crushing and Returning Machine[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2024,55(2):36-49.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-06-27
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2024-02-10
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