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不同通風(fēng)方式日光溫室微環(huán)境模擬與作物蒸騰研究
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國家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(52179093)


Microenvironment Simulation and Crop Transpiration Analysis of Solar Greenhouse with Different Ventilation Modes
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    摘要:

    日光溫室后墻蓄熱降低了通風(fēng)降溫效率,,高溫會(huì)刺激植物水分蒸騰,,降低水資源利用率。本文以北京市通州區(qū)日光溫室為研究對(duì)象,,在原有的上,、下通風(fēng)口基礎(chǔ)上,增設(shè)后墻通風(fēng)口,?;贒O輻射模型、組分輸運(yùn)模型和多孔介質(zhì)模型建立了日光溫室的計(jì)算流體力學(xué)(CFD)模型,,探究了不同通風(fēng)方式下溫室微環(huán)境狀況,,并結(jié)合作物蒸騰模型分析獲得了作物蒸騰特征。結(jié)果表明,,氣溫變化會(huì)直接影響作物蒸騰強(qiáng)度,,兩者空間分布特征一致。中午溫室高溫,,開啟后墻,、下通風(fēng)口,較原來開啟上,、下通風(fēng)口,,氣流走向相似,因減少部分蓄熱墻體,,降溫效率提高5.7%,,蒸騰量下降0.020mm/h,開啟后墻,、上,、下通風(fēng)口,蒸騰量較原來下降0.005mm/h。開啟后墻,、上通風(fēng)口,,由于兩通風(fēng)口靠近一側(cè)且距離作物較遠(yuǎn),只能形成北側(cè)局部降溫,,降溫效率下降10.3%,,除濕效率較原來提高5.7%,蒸騰量升高0.035mm/h,。此外,,在通風(fēng)口組合中,將靠下的通風(fēng)口設(shè)置在迎風(fēng)方向,,可減少外界來風(fēng)能量,、動(dòng)量損失,以提高通風(fēng)降溫效率,。研究結(jié)果可為日光溫室微環(huán)境調(diào)節(jié)提供參考,。

    Abstract:

    The heat storage of back wall of the solar greenhouse reduces efficiency of ventilation and cooling. High temperature will stimulate plant water transpiration and reduce the utilization rate of water resources. Taking Beijing Tongzhou solar greenhouse as the research object, on the basis of the original upper and lower vents, the rear wall vents were added. Based on DO radiation model, component transport model and porous medium model, a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model of solar greenhouse was established. The microenvironment of greenhouse under different ventilation modes was explored, and the transpiration characteristics of crops were obtained by combining crop transpiration model analysis. The results showed that the change of temperature would directly affect the intensity of crop transpiration, and the spatial distribution characteristics of the two were consistent. The high temperature of the greenhouse at noon, the opening of the back wall and the lower vent, compared with the original opening of the upper and lower vent, the airflow trend was similar, due to the reduction of part of the heat storage wall, the cooling efficiency was increased by 5.7%, and the transpiration was decreased by 0.020mm/h, the opening of the back wall, the upper and lower vent, the transpiration was decreased by 0.005mm/h. After opening the back wall and the upper vent, because the two vents were close to one side and far away from the crop, only the north side can be partially cooled, the cooling efficiency was reduced by 10.3%, the dehumidification efficiency was increased by 5.7%, and the transpiration was increased by 0.035mm/h. In addition, in the combination of vents, the lower vent was set in the windward direction, which can reduce the energy and momentum loss of the external wind and improve the ventilation cooling efficiency. The results provided a reference for the regulation of microenvironment in solar greenhouse.

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萬敏,楊魏,劉竹青,徐晨曦,劉東.不同通風(fēng)方式日光溫室微環(huán)境模擬與作物蒸騰研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2024,55(1):328-338,349. WAN Min, YANG Wei, LIU Zhuqing, XU Chenxi, LIU Dong. Microenvironment Simulation and Crop Transpiration Analysis of Solar Greenhouse with Different Ventilation Modes[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2024,55(1):328-338,349.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-06-22
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2023-08-09
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