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遙控自走式雪茄植株中下層煙葉植保噴霧機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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中國(guó)煙草總公司重大專(zhuān)項(xiàng)(110202101059(XJ-08))和湖北省煙草公司科技項(xiàng)目(027Y2021-006)


Design and Experiment of Novel Sprayer for Protecting Middle and Lower Leaves of Cigar Tobacco Plants
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    摘要:

    針對(duì)雪茄煙葉在旺長(zhǎng)期及成熟期因植株高大及葉片生長(zhǎng)致使煙田壟間空間小,且雪茄煙葉生產(chǎn)對(duì)煙葉色澤及完整度要求高,,田間管理要求不能損傷煙葉,,導(dǎo)致生產(chǎn)中雪茄煙葉植株中下層煙葉植保困難的問(wèn)題,結(jié)合煙葉植株生長(zhǎng)特征,,設(shè)計(jì)了一種遙控自走式雪茄植株中下層煙葉植保噴霧機(jī),,該裝置主要包括噴霧系統(tǒng)、履帶底盤(pán)及控制系統(tǒng),可實(shí)現(xiàn)裝置在煙田壟間遙控行走,、中下層煙葉噴霧及路況可視等功能,。為獲取煙株生長(zhǎng)特征,運(yùn)用三維激光掃描儀對(duì)其進(jìn)行掃描并建立了植株葉片田間空間分布模型,;根據(jù)煙葉田間分布特征,,確定裝置總體結(jié)構(gòu)和工作方式;結(jié)合煙葉形態(tài)特征和植保農(nóng)藝要求,,對(duì)噴霧系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)及分析,,確定了參數(shù)范圍;根據(jù)田間作業(yè)需求,,對(duì)履帶底盤(pán)進(jìn)行了動(dòng)力學(xué)分析,,對(duì)控制系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了設(shè)計(jì)。開(kāi)展了場(chǎng)地試驗(yàn),,利用Box-Behnken優(yōu)化了噴霧系統(tǒng)參數(shù),,當(dāng)噴霧壓力為0.65MPa、噴嘴夾角為20.4°,、噴嘴孔徑為0.4mm時(shí),,經(jīng)垂直霧滴分布測(cè)量?jī)x模擬雪茄煙葉葉片層垂直方向的藥液附著性能試驗(yàn)表明,霧滴沉積量垂直分布滿足雪茄煙葉植保要求,。田間試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,,雪茄植株中下層煙葉正面藥液覆蓋率為52%~83%,背面藥液覆蓋率為22%~45%,,可實(shí)現(xiàn)雪茄植株中下層煙葉藥液的有效噴施,。

    Abstract:

    Aiming at the problem that the space between ridges in cigar tobacco fields is small due to the tall plants and the growth of leaves, and the production of cigar tobacco leaves requires high color and integrity of tobacco leaves, and the field management requirements cannot damage tobacco leaves, which leads to the difficulty in plant protection of middle and lower tobacco leaves in cigar tobacco plants during production. Combined with the growth characteristics of tobacco leaves, a plant protection device for middle and lower layers of tobacco leaves in cigar plants was designed. The device mainly consisted of a spray system, a crawler chassis and a control system and other functions. In order to obtain the growth characteristics of tobacco plants, a three-dimensional laser scanner was used to scan them and establish a spatial distribution model of plant leaves in the field. According to the distribution characteristics of tobacco leaves in the field, the overall structure and working mode of the device were determined; combined with the tobacco leaf shape characteristics and plant protection and agronomic requirements, the structure design and analysis of the spraying system were carried out, and the parameter range was determined. According to the requirements of field operations, the dynamic analysis of the crawler chassis and the design of the control system were carried out. The field experiments was carried out, and the parameters of the spray system were optimized by using Box-Behnken. When the spray pressure was 0.65MPa, the nozzle angle was 20.4°, and the nozzle aperture was 0.4mm, the vertical direction of the cigar leaf layer was simulated by the vertical droplet distribution measuring instrument. The liquid adhesion performance test showed that the vertical distribution of droplet deposition met the requirements of cigar tobacco leaf plant protection. The field experiments results showed that the coverage rate of the liquid medicine on the front side of the middle and lower layers of the cigar plant was 52%~83%, and the coverage rate of the backside was 22%~45%, which can realize the effective spraying of the liquid medicine on the middle and lower layers of the tobacco leaves of the cigar plant.

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張青松,陳志凌,杜文斌,楊錦鵬,廖慶喜,楊春雷.遙控自走式雪茄植株中下層煙葉植保噴霧機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2024,55(1):122-133. ZHANG Qingsong, CHEN Zhiling, DU Wenbin, YANG Jinpeng, LIAO Qingxi, YANG Chunlei. Design and Experiment of Novel Sprayer for Protecting Middle and Lower Leaves of Cigar Tobacco Plants[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2024,55(1):122-133.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-06-02
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2023-08-07
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