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作物表型信息獲取機器人底盤設計與試驗
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國家重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2021YFD2000105)和中國機械工業(yè)集團有限公司青年科技基金項目(QNJJ-PY-2022-31)


Design and Experiment of Robot Chassis for Obtaining Crop-Phenotypic Information
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    摘要:

    為進一步提升農業(yè)機器人底盤田間適應性和行駛穩(wěn)定性,面向我國山東地區(qū)小麥表型信息獲取作業(yè)場景,,設計了一種四輪獨立驅動轉向的農業(yè)機器人底盤,。根據小麥種植農藝需求和行駛地形環(huán)境,確定了底盤總體布局方案和主要技術參數,。分別開展了底盤驅動部件,、轉向部件以及擺臂平衡部件設計,并進行了參數校核和元件選型,。建立了關鍵部件ANSYS有限元模型,,分別進行了擺臂平衡機構的應力形變分析和車架振動模態(tài)模擬,仿真結果表明,,擺臂平衡機構的強度和剛度均能滿足設計要求,,車架能夠有效避免因地形激勵產生的共振。建立底盤ADAMS動力學仿真模型,,分別進行縱向,、橫向穩(wěn)定性分析和單側凸起,、凹坑越障性分析,仿真結果表明,,底盤橫縱向穩(wěn)定性能夠滿足設計要求,,擺臂平衡機構能夠有效補償單側障礙造成的質心高度變化,提高了底盤的行駛穩(wěn)定性,。田間試驗表明,,機器人底盤具有良好的行駛性能,硬質地面直線行駛平均偏駛率為0.51%,,田間地面平均偏駛率為1.13%,。原地轉向中心點偏移量為3.1mm,阿克曼轉向最小轉向半徑為1.125mm,??v向翻傾角為34°,橫向翻傾角為28°,。單側越障最大高度為160mm,,單側跨坑最大深度為160mm。

    Abstract:

    To enhance the field adaptability and stability of agricultural robot chassis, a four-wheel independent drive steering chassis was specifically designed for acquiring wheat phenotypic information in Shandong Province. Taking into account the agricultural requirements for wheat cultivation and the driving terrain conditions, comprehensive layout plans and main technical parameters of the chassis were determined. The design focused on the drive components, steering components, and swing arm balance components of the chassis, followed by parameter verification and component selection. An ANSYS finite element model was constructed to analyze stress deformation in the swing arm balance mechanism and simulate the vibration modes of the frame. The simulation results indicated that the swing arm balance mechanism exhibited sufficient strength and stiffness to meet the design requirements, while the frame effectively mitigated resonance caused by terrain excitation. Furthermore, an ADAMS dynamic simulation model of the chassis was established to conduct longitudinal and lateral stability analysis and assess the chassis ability to traverse single side protrusions and dents. The simulation outcomes demonstrated that both the transverse and longitudinal stability of the chassis met the design criteria, and the swing arm balance mechanism effectively compensated for changes in centroid height caused by unilateral obstacles, thereby enhancing driving stability. Field experiments confirmed the excellent driving performance of the robot chassis, with an average deviation rate of 0.51% on hard ground during straight driving and 1.13% on field terrain. The center point offset for turning in place was measured as 3.1mm, and the minimum turning radius for Ackermann turning was determined to be 1.125mm. Additionally, the longitudinal tilt angle reached 34°, while the lateral tilt angle reached 28°. It was noteworthy that the maximum height for traversing unilateral obstacles and the maximum depth for crossing unilateral pits were both 160mm.

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徐圣林,朱立成,韓振浩,王瑞雪,徐慶鐘,賈曉峰.作物表型信息獲取機器人底盤設計與試驗[J].農業(yè)機械學報,2023,54(s2):388-399. XU Shenglin, ZHU Licheng, HAN Zhenhao, WANG Ruixue, XU Qingzhong, JIA Xiaofeng. Design and Experiment of Robot Chassis for Obtaining Crop-Phenotypic Information[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2023,54(s2):388-399.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-06-11
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2023-08-25
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