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綠茶風選裝備設計與性能試驗
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山東省科技成果轉移轉化補助項目(魯渝科技協(xié)作)(2021LYXZ019)和山東省科技型中小企業(yè)創(chuàng)新能力提升工程項目(2022TSGC1323,、2023TSGC0557)


Design of Equipment and Experiment on Air Separation-Performance of Green Tea
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    摘要:

    針對茶葉風選裝備存在結構簡單,、風選效果差及風選試驗對象單一等問題,為提高茶葉風選效果及茶葉品質(zhì),,設計了一款綠茶風選裝備并開展不同工序下茶葉的風選性能試驗,。首先,根據(jù)風選裝備的工作原理,,設計了綠茶風選裝備,,并確定了風選室、風機,、傳動裝置以及物料傳遞裝置的相關設計參數(shù),;然后,基于流體力學仿真方法研究風選室內(nèi)部流場的流線,、速度及壓力情況,,基于離散元仿真方法模擬不同時刻茶葉顆粒群的風選狀態(tài),探究不同風速對茶葉風選效果的影響,,得出風機風速為6~6.5m/s時流線穩(wěn)定,,且風選效果較好;最后,,對風選裝備進行了性能測試,、風選效果等試驗,探究了不同運行頻率對風選效果,、不同風選順序對成品茶品質(zhì)的影響,。試驗結果表明,,綠茶風選裝備4種風機變頻器頻率下風速變異系數(shù)均小于8%,風機變頻器最佳運行頻率為35Hz,;單位有效寬度生產(chǎn)率大于7kg/(cm·h),,千瓦小時產(chǎn)量大于420kg/(kW·h),綠茶風選裝備性能測試的各項指標符合國家規(guī)程要求,;茶鮮葉及殺青葉由B級提升為A-和A級,,茶葉復選率均高于90%,風選效果顯著,,茶葉品質(zhì)得到提升,;各試驗組中,主出茶口整體優(yōu)于其余出茶口,,殺青分級中主出茶口茶葉品質(zhì)最佳,,茶葉感官評審得分最高。

    Abstract:

    In response to the problems of simple structure, poor air separation effect, and single air separation test object in tea air separation equipment, in order to improve the air separation effect and tea quality, a green tea air separation equipment was designed and tea air separation performance tests were conducted under different processes. Firstly, the basic structure and working principle of the tea air separation equipment were elaborated, and its key components were theoretically analyzed. The relevant design parameters of the air separation room, fan, transmission device, and material transfer device were determined. Then, based on fluid mechanics, the simulation of fluid in the air separation room was carried out, and the movement of particles in the air separation process was simulated by discrete element simulation. It was concluded that the streamline was stable when the fan speed was 6~6.5m/s, and the air separation effect was good. Finally, validation tests were conducted on the air separation performance of famous and high-quality green tea air separation equipment. Prototype performance tests and air separation effect tests were conducted to explore the impact of different operating frequencies and air separation sequences of fans on tea quality. The experimental results showed that the wind speed variation coefficients of the wind separation equipment were all less than 8%, and the optimal operating frequency of the fan frequency converter was 35Hz. The productivity per unit effective width was greater than 7kg/(cm·h),and the output per kilowatt hour was greater than 420kg/(kW·h). The fresh and killed leaves of tea was upgraded from B grade to A- grade and A grade, and the selection rate of tea was higher than 90%, indicating a significant improvement in the air selection effect. In each experimental group, the main tea outlet was overall superior to the other tea outlets, and the tea quality of the main tea outlet was the best in the green killing grading, with the highest sensory evaluation score for tea.

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張開興,馬國良,胡芳源,高華峰,周長安,趙秀艷.綠茶風選裝備設計與性能試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2023,54(s2):366-374,,387. ZHANG Kaixing, MA Guoliang, HU Fangyuan, GAO Huafeng, ZHOU Chang'a, ZHAO Xiuyan. Design of Equipment and Experiment on Air Separation-Performance of Green Tea[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2023,54(s2):366-374,,387.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-05-18
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2023-08-20
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