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基于CFD的牧草種子收獲機(jī)沉降箱體改進(jìn)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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內(nèi)蒙古自治區(qū)科技重大專項(xiàng)(2020ZD0001)


Improvement Design and Experiment of Settlement Box of Forage Grass Seed Harvester Based on CFD
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    摘要:

    現(xiàn)有牧草種子收獲機(jī)在收獲牧草種子時(shí),,其收獲總損失率與破碎率較高,,雜質(zhì)清選效果差,沉降不充分,。為了解決上述問題,,在現(xiàn)有沉降箱的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行理論及結(jié)構(gòu)分析,,結(jié)合具體需求及整機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu)外形來改進(jìn)沉降箱清選結(jié)構(gòu),設(shè)計(jì)了一種圓弧減速擋板,,減小了種子受到的沖擊力,,調(diào)整了擋板的大小以及位置,使得更多的種子經(jīng)過沉降進(jìn)行清選,,提升牧草種子收獲的質(zhì)量合格率,。通過計(jì)算流體動(dòng)力學(xué)仿真對(duì)沉降分離裝置的內(nèi)部流場(chǎng)進(jìn)行了仿真模擬,選擇雷諾應(yīng)力模型和DPM模型分別對(duì)氣相和固相進(jìn)行模擬得到氣流場(chǎng)分布圖和顆粒場(chǎng)的運(yùn)動(dòng)軌跡圖,。結(jié)果表明設(shè)計(jì)的圓弧減速擋板對(duì)比折線降速擋板的結(jié)構(gòu)提升了種子沉降率,并減小了種子破碎率,,并且在入口風(fēng)速提高時(shí),,提高了箱底種子捕獲率。通過牧草種子收獲機(jī)收割苜蓿實(shí)地試驗(yàn),,分別對(duì)比了無擋板以及折線減速擋板的收獲合格率,。結(jié)果表明,采用圓弧減速擋板的沉降箱收獲種子時(shí)沉降損失率為0.19%,破碎率為0.9%,,均達(dá)到相關(guān)行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn),,證明了該裝置的有效性。

    Abstract:

    When harvesting forage seeds, the current harvester has high total loss rate and crushing rate, poor cleaning effect of impurities and insufficient settlement. In order to solve the above problems, theoretical and structural analysis on the basis of the existing settling box were carried out, the cleaning structure of the settling box in combination with specific requirements and the overall structure shape was improved, a circular arc decelerating baffle was designed, the impact force on the seeds was reduced, the size and position of the baffle were adjusted, and more seeds were made clean by settling. The qualified rate of forage seed harvest quality was improved. By means of computational fluid dynamics simulation, the internal flow field of the settlement separation unit was simulated. Reynolds stress model and DPM model were selected to simulate the gas phase and solid phase respectively to obtain the airflow field distribution diagram and the particle field motion trajectory diagram. The results showed that the circular arc deceleration baffle designed compared with the structure of the broken line deceleration baffle increased the seed settlement rate, reduced the seed crushing rate, and increased the bottom capture rate when the inlet wind speed was increased. Field experiments were carried out to harvest alfalfa by forage seed harvester, and the harvest qualification rates of baffle free and broken line reducer were compared. The results showed that the sedimentation loss rate was 0.19% and the crushing rate was 0.9%, both of which met the national standard and proved the effectiveness of the device.

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蘭凌霄,李鳳鳴,王強(qiáng),劉貴林,李偉,劉偉.基于CFD的牧草種子收獲機(jī)沉降箱體改進(jìn)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2023,54(s2):150-155,172. LAN Lingxiao, LI Fengming, WANG Qiang, LIU Guilin, LI Wei, LIU Wei. Improvement Design and Experiment of Settlement Box of Forage Grass Seed Harvester Based on CFD[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2023,54(s2):150-155,172.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-06-03
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2023-08-24
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