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移動(dòng)式荔枝蓄冷噴淋預(yù)冷裝置控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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國(guó)家荔枝龍眼產(chǎn)業(yè)體系項(xiàng)目(CARS-32-11),、廣東省2019年省級(jí)農(nóng)業(yè)科技創(chuàng)新及推廣項(xiàng)目(2023KJ101),、農(nóng)產(chǎn)品保鮮物流共性關(guān)鍵技術(shù)研發(fā)創(chuàng)新團(tuán)隊(duì)項(xiàng)目(2023KJ145)、國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(31971806),、茂名實(shí)驗(yàn)室自主科研項(xiàng)目(2021ZZ003),、廣東省農(nóng)業(yè)科研項(xiàng)目和農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)推廣項(xiàng)目(440000210000000086860)


Design and Test of Control System of Mobile Lychee Storage and Spraying Precooling Device
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    摘要:

    為解決現(xiàn)有荔枝產(chǎn)地預(yù)冷裝置預(yù)冷速度慢、能耗高等問(wèn)題,,設(shè)計(jì)了一種移動(dòng)式荔枝蓄冷噴淋預(yù)冷裝置控制系統(tǒng),,以保障荔枝采后預(yù)冷效果。該系統(tǒng)主要由STM32主控系統(tǒng),、水泵驅(qū)動(dòng)系統(tǒng),、制冷系統(tǒng)和數(shù)據(jù)采集系統(tǒng)組成?;赨SART HMI軟件設(shè)計(jì)智能串口屏界面,,智能串口屏通過(guò)TTL串口與STM32單片機(jī)進(jìn)行串口通信,能夠完成荔枝噴淋預(yù)冷工作參數(shù)設(shè)置和顯示控制系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行狀態(tài)信息,,實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)荔枝噴淋預(yù)冷裝置的精確控制,。搭建試驗(yàn)硬件平臺(tái),以水泵的噴淋流量和單次噴淋時(shí)荔枝載荷為試驗(yàn)因素,,以荔枝的預(yù)冷時(shí)間和均勻度為試驗(yàn)指標(biāo)對(duì)預(yù)冷效果進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià),。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,在1/2預(yù)冷時(shí)間(HCT)之前,,當(dāng)噴淋流量超過(guò)70L/min時(shí),,噴淋流量對(duì)冷卻速度的影響不大;在HCT之后,,與70L/min相比,,預(yù)冷時(shí)間分別減少170s(90L/min)、260s(110L/min),、262s(130L/min),,因此,當(dāng)噴淋流量超過(guò)110L/min時(shí),,增加噴淋流量對(duì)荔枝降溫速率影響不大,;對(duì)不同載荷荔枝進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn),當(dāng)荔枝載荷大于50kg時(shí),,增加荔枝載荷對(duì)荔枝降溫速率影響較大,;當(dāng)荔枝載荷為50kg時(shí),,荔枝預(yù)冷完成后的均勻度會(huì)隨著噴淋流量的增加先變大后減小,;當(dāng)噴淋流量為90L/min時(shí),,荔枝預(yù)冷完成后的均勻度會(huì)隨著荔枝載荷的增加先變大后趨于穩(wěn)定。研究結(jié)果可為荔枝噴淋預(yù)冷裝置控制系統(tǒng)優(yōu)化,,實(shí)現(xiàn)荔枝采后快速預(yù)冷,,保障荔枝采后品質(zhì)提供幫助。

    Abstract:

    In order to solve the problems of slow precooling speed and high energy consumption of existing lychee origin precooling devices, a mobile lychee storage and spray precooling device control system was designed to improve the guarantee of post-harvest precooling effect of lychee. The system mainly consisted of STM32 main control system, pump driving system, refrigeration system, data acquisition system and auxiliary control system. The intelligent serial screen interface was designed based on USART HMI software. The intelligent serial screen communicated with STM32 microcontroller through TTL serial port, which can complete the setting of lychee spray precooling parameters and display the operation status information of the control system to realize the accurate control of lychee spray precooling device. The test hardware platform was built to evaluate the precooling effect with the test factors of spray flow rate of water pump and load of lychee at single spraying, and the precooling time and uniformity of lychee as the test index. The test results showed that before 1/2 precooling time (HCT), when the spray flow rate exceeded 70L/min, the spray flow rate had little effect on the cooling rate; after HCT, the precooling time was reduced by 170s (90L/min), 260s (110L/min) and 262s (130L/min), respectively, compared with that under 70L/min, so that when spraying flow rate was more than 110L/min,the effect of increase of spraying flow rate on the lychee cooling rate was not significant; test on different loads of lychee found that when the lychee load was greater than 50kg, increasing the lychee load has a significant effect on the lychee cooling rate; when the lychee load was 50kg, the uniformity of the lychee precooling completed with the increase in spraying flow first become larger and then reduced; when the spraying flow was 90L/min, the uniformity of lychee precooling increased and then trended to stabilize with the increase of lychee load. The research results can provide help for the optimization of the control system of lychee spraying precooling device to achieve rapid precooling of lychee after harvesting, so as to protect the lychee after harvesting.

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郭嘉明,蔡威,林濟(jì)誠(chéng),林國(guó)鵬,曾志雄,呂恩利.移動(dòng)式荔枝蓄冷噴淋預(yù)冷裝置控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2023,54(12):367-375. GUO Jiaming, CAI Wei, LIN Jicheng, LIN Guopeng, ZENG Zhixiong, Lü Enli. Design and Test of Control System of Mobile Lychee Storage and Spraying Precooling Device[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2023,54(12):367-375.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-05-19
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2023-06-16
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