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施氮對(duì)中國(guó)棉田產(chǎn)量和水分利用效率影響的Meta分析
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國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(52179046、51309192)


Meta-analysis of Effects of Nitrogen Application on Cotton Yield and Water Use Efficiency in China
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    摘要:

    為系統(tǒng)分析不同氣候條件,、土壤基礎(chǔ)條件和農(nóng)田管理措施條件下施氮對(duì)棉花產(chǎn)量和水分利用效率的影響,,收集了國(guó)內(nèi)外已發(fā)表的103篇中英文文獻(xiàn),篩選其中37篇文獻(xiàn),,共獲得301組產(chǎn)量和127組水分利用效率數(shù)據(jù),。基于Meta分析方法定量分析了不同生產(chǎn)條件下施氮對(duì)棉花產(chǎn)量和水分利用效率的影響,,同時(shí)利用偏相關(guān)分析找出施氮條件下棉花產(chǎn)量和水分利用效率的主要影響因素,。結(jié)果表明,以不施氮為對(duì)照,,施氮能夠顯著提高棉花的產(chǎn)量和水分利用率,。在年均降水量200~500mm的地區(qū)施氮對(duì)產(chǎn)量和水分利用率的提高作用最為明顯,效應(yīng)量分別為34.02%和54.15%,;施氮對(duì)產(chǎn)量和水分利用率的提高作用均隨著日照時(shí)數(shù)的增大而增大,。當(dāng)土壤pH值為6~8時(shí),施氮對(duì)棉花產(chǎn)量和水分利用效率的提高作用最為明顯,,效應(yīng)量分別為28.52%和24.59%,;在不同土壤質(zhì)地中施氮對(duì)產(chǎn)量和水分利用效率的提高作用均表現(xiàn)為在砂土中效應(yīng)量最大,分別為46.71%和26.29%,;隨著施肥頻次的增加,,施氮對(duì)棉花產(chǎn)量和水分利用率的提高作用逐漸增大;施氮對(duì)產(chǎn)量的提高作用隨灌水量的增加而增加,,對(duì)水分利用率的提高作用隨灌水量的增加呈先增加后降低趨勢(shì),。當(dāng)施氮量為300~450kg/hm2時(shí),施氮對(duì)產(chǎn)量和水分利用效率的提高作用最為明顯,;當(dāng)種植密度為1.5×105~2.5×105株/hm2時(shí),,施氮對(duì)產(chǎn)量和水分利用效率的促進(jìn)作用最為明顯,效應(yīng)量分別為38.48%和16.46%,。施氮量和土壤pH值是施氮條件下棉花產(chǎn)量的主要影響因子,;施氮量和灌水量是施氮條件下棉花水分利用效率的主要影響因子,。本研究結(jié)果可為不同生產(chǎn)條件下棉花實(shí)現(xiàn)高產(chǎn)高效提供參考。

    Abstract:

    To systematically analyze the effects of nitrogen application on cotton yield and water use efficiency under different climatic conditions, soil foundation conditions, and farmland management measures, totally 103 published Chinese and English literatures from China were collected, among which 37 papers were selected, and a total of 301 sets of yield and 127 sets of water use efficiency data were obtained. Based on the Meta-analysis method, the impact of nitrogen application on cotton yield and water use efficiency under different production conditions was quantitatively analyzed, and partial correlation analysis was used to identify the main influencing factors of cotton yield and water use efficiency under nitrogen application conditions. The results showed that with no nitrogen application as the control, nitrogen application can significantly improve the yield and water use efficiency of cotton. The effect of nitrogen application on yield and water use efficiency was most significant in areas with an average annual precipitation of 200~500mm, with effects of 34.02% and 54.15%, respectively. The effect of nitrogen application on yield and water use efficiency was increased with the increase of sunshine hours. When the soil pH value was 6~8, nitrogen application had the most significant effect on improving cotton yield and water use efficiency, with the effective amounts being 28.52% and 24.59%, respectively. The effect of nitrogen application on yield and water use efficiency in different soil textures was the highest in sandy soil, with 46.71% and 26.29%, respectively. As the frequency of fertilization was increased, the effect of nitrogen application on cotton yield and water use efficiency was gradually increased. The effect of nitrogen application on yield was increased with the increase of irrigation amount, and the effect on water use efficiency showed a trend of first increase and then decrease with the increase of irrigation amount. When the nitrogen application rate was 300~450kg/hm2, nitrogen application had the most significant effect on improving yield and water use efficiency. When the planting density was 1.5×105~2.5×105 plants/hm2, nitrogen application had the most significant promoting effect on yield and water use efficiency, with effective amounts of 38.48% and 16.46%, respectively. The nitrogen application rate and soil pH value were the main influencing factors on cotton yield under nitrogen application conditions. The nitrogen application rate and irrigation amount were the main influencing factors of cotton water use efficiency under nitrogen application conditions. The research results can provide reference for achieving high yield and efficiency in cotton cultivation under different production conditions.

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蔡煥杰,李府陽,趙政鑫,張學(xué)桂,劉軒昂,王茂東.施氮對(duì)中國(guó)棉田產(chǎn)量和水分利用效率影響的Meta分析[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2023,54(12):316-326. CAI Huanjie, LI Fuyang, ZHAO Zhengxin, ZHANG Xuegui, LIU Xuanang, WANG Maodong. Meta-analysis of Effects of Nitrogen Application on Cotton Yield and Water Use Efficiency in China[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2023,54(12):316-326.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-05-10
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2023-06-07
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