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分體組合振動式超級稻精量播種勻種裝置設計與試驗
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國家自然科學基金項目(61511012)


Simulation and Experiment of Piezoelectric Vibration Super Rice Precision Seeding and Unifying Device
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    摘要:

    針對超級稻育秧播種環(huán)節(jié)振動式排種器勻種性能差,難以實現(xiàn)精量播種的問題,設計一種分體組合振動式精量播種勻種裝置,,并提出了一種基于圖像識別的振動勻種控制方法。對振動板關(guān)鍵結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù):儲種盒深度和轉(zhuǎn)向槽角度進行勻種性能單因素離散元仿真分析,,結(jié)果表明:輸送階段不同時間和空間勻種均勻性變異系數(shù)和振動板出口處供種均勻性變異系數(shù)隨儲種盒深度增大而增大,隨轉(zhuǎn)向槽角度增大先減小后增大,,并確定儲種盒深度和轉(zhuǎn)向槽角度分別為12mm和48°,。設計并搭建了種子流圖像檢測與控制系統(tǒng),壓電振動單體和勻種單元圖像檢測和整流驗證試驗表明,,當檢測到圖像中白色低像素占比低于20%,,經(jīng)整流后,白色像素占比可滿足設計要求,。對分體組合振動式播種勻種裝置進行不同勻種電壓和具有不同長寬比的3種超級稻品種進行播種性能試驗,。試驗結(jié)果表明,當工作電壓為150~200V時,,其播種合格率不小于93.47%,,漏播率不大于1.00%;3種水稻種子播種合格率均不小于94.17%,,漏播率不大于0.67%,。該裝置能夠滿足超級稻精量播種要求,,且對不同超級稻種子具有較好的適應性。

    Abstract:

    A split and combined vibration seeding and leveling device was designed to address the problem of poor seeding performance of the vibrating seed metering device in the super rice seedling cultivation and sowing process that made it difficult to achieve precision seeding, and a vibration seed leveling control method based on image recognition was proposed. The single factor discrete element simulation analysis of the key structural parameters of the vibration plate was carried out. The results showed that the variation coefficient of the uniformity of the vibration plate and the variation coefficient of the supply uniformity at the exit of the vibration plate was increased with the increase of depth of box. With the increase of angle of steering groove, the depth of the seed storage box and the angle of the steering groove were determined to be 12mm and 48°, respectively. A seed stream image detection and control system was designed and built. The test of piezoelectric vibration monomer and homogenizing unit image detection and rectification showed that when the proportion of white low pixels in the detected image was less than 20%, after rectification, the proportion of white pixels could meet the design requirements. The results showed that the qualified rate was not less than 93.47% and the missed rate was not more than 1.00% when the operating voltage was 150~200V. The qualified sowing rate of the three rice seeds was not less than 94.17%, and the missing sowing rate was not more than 0.67%. The device can meet the requirements of precision sowing of super rice and had good adaptability to different super rice seeds.

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朱承天,劉彩玲,李方林,賈旋,曹銘健,王悅偉.分體組合振動式超級稻精量播種勻種裝置設計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2023,54(12):27-36. ZHU Chengtian, LIU Cailing, LI Fanglin, JIA Xuan, CAO Mingjian, WANG Yuewei. Simulation and Experiment of Piezoelectric Vibration Super Rice Precision Seeding and Unifying Device[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2023,54(12):27-36.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-06-18
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2023-08-29
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