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微潤(rùn)灌多重變水頭下土壤水分動(dòng)態(tài)演變與數(shù)值模擬
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國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(52109053),、國(guó)家科技獎(jiǎng)后備培育項(xiàng)目(20212AEI91011),、江蘇省自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(BK20200523)、江西省水利科學(xué)院開放基金項(xiàng)目(2021SKTR03),、中國(guó)博士后科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(2021M690874)和江西省科技+水利聯(lián)合項(xiàng)目(2023KSG01002)


Mechanisms of Soil Water Dynamics in Moistube Irrigation under Regulated Multiple-variable Working Pressure Heads and Corresponding Simulation
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    摘要:

    為研究水頭多重調(diào)控下微潤(rùn)管出流與土壤水分運(yùn)移規(guī)律,,進(jìn)行了不同水頭調(diào)控模式下微潤(rùn)灌入滲試驗(yàn),設(shè)置調(diào)增(0→1m(水頭由0m調(diào)節(jié)到1m,,以下類推)、0→2m,、1→2m)和調(diào)減水頭(1→0m,、2→0m、2→1m),,研究微潤(rùn)管出流,、濕潤(rùn)體及含水率變化規(guī)律;將微潤(rùn)管假定為多孔介質(zhì)重黏土,,利用HYDRUS 2D模型對(duì)水頭多重調(diào)控下微潤(rùn)管出流和土壤水分運(yùn)移進(jìn)行了模擬,,據(jù)此分析了多重變水頭情景下微潤(rùn)灌土壤水分動(dòng)態(tài)規(guī)律。結(jié)果表明,,水頭調(diào)節(jié)顯著改變累積入滲量,、入滲率與時(shí)間關(guān)系曲線,累積入滲量曲線呈折線型,,曲線斜率隨著調(diào)增或調(diào)減而有規(guī)律增減,;水頭調(diào)節(jié)導(dǎo)致入滲率發(fā)生驟增或驟降,穩(wěn)定入滲率與水頭存在線性正相關(guān)關(guān)系,。調(diào)增水頭時(shí)濕潤(rùn)鋒內(nèi)含水率驟升,,正向反饋顯著,;水頭調(diào)減后管周含水率微弱下降后逐漸回升。將微潤(rùn)管模擬為質(zhì)地黏重的多孔介質(zhì),,基于HYDRUS 2D模型較好地模擬了微潤(rùn)管出流及水分運(yùn)移,,優(yōu)度較好(決定系數(shù)R2≥0.90,納什效率系數(shù)(NSE)大于等于0.70,,相對(duì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)偏差(RSR)趨近于0),。構(gòu)建了多重水頭調(diào)控模式(0→1→2m、0→2→1m,、1→0→2m,、1→2→0m、2→0→1m,、2→1→0m),,分析了多情景下微潤(rùn)灌土壤水分動(dòng)態(tài)規(guī)律,發(fā)現(xiàn)水頭調(diào)增后入滲率隨時(shí)間呈現(xiàn)“指數(shù)減小后穩(wěn)定”規(guī)律,,而調(diào)減后入滲率表現(xiàn)為“指數(shù)增加后穩(wěn)定”,;連續(xù)調(diào)增0→1→2m方案下,最終累積入滲量最大,;連續(xù)調(diào)減下(2→1→0m)累積入滲量較調(diào)增方案降低3.7%,,可通過調(diào)控水頭控制濕潤(rùn)鋒推移和濕潤(rùn)體內(nèi)含水率分布,且微潤(rùn)管附近含水率對(duì)水頭調(diào)控響應(yīng)更為顯著,。研究可為微潤(rùn)灌動(dòng)態(tài)水頭調(diào)控提供科學(xué)依據(jù),,并與智慧灌溉相融合實(shí)時(shí)調(diào)控水頭,適量地補(bǔ)給作物需水并維系根區(qū)適宜水分環(huán)境,,實(shí)現(xiàn)精準(zhǔn)灌溉,。

    Abstract:

    Moistube continuously fertigates the crop-root zone through the nano pores on the Moistube, as required by the crop water demands. To investigate the Moistube discharge and water movement, a series of Moistube irrigation experiments was conducted under different regulated working pressure heads (WPH) in Moistube. The scenarios of WPH increase (0→1m, 0→2m and 1→2m) and WPH decrease (1→0m, 2→0m and 2→1m) adjustments were designed. The Moistube discharge, wetting front advance and soil water dynamics were studied. The HYDRUS 2D model was used to simulate the Moistube discharge and soil moisture transport under regulated WPH, by assuming the Moistube as a porous medium clay. After the model performance was validated, the soil moisture dynamics of moitube irrigation under scenarios of multiple WPH adjustments were analyzed accordingly. The results showed that regulation of WPH significantly changed the cumulative infiltration volume and infiltration rate with respect to time. The curve of cumulative infiltration with time was manifested as a fold line comprising of two interaction lines. The slope of lines was increased or decreased regularly with WPH adjustment. WPH adjustments gave rise to sudden increases or decreases in infiltration rate, and the stabilized infiltration rate was linearly correlated with the adjusted WPH. With increase of WPH, the moisture content within the wetting front was sharply risen, displaying significantly positive feedback. When the WPH was decreased, the water content around the Moistube was slightly decreased, and then rose gradually as the moisture redistributed. The Moistube was treated as a clay porous medium, and the Moistube discharge and water flow transport was well simulated based on the HYDRUS 2D model. The model performances were rated as ‘good’, with coefficient of determination (R2) greater than 0.90, the Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) was not less than 0.70 and RSR approached 0. Multiple WPH regulation scenarios (0→1→2m, 0→2→1m, 1→0→2m, 1→2→0m, 2→0→1m and 2→1→0m) were formulated. The soil-water dynamics around the Moistube under all scenarios were analyzed. It was found that the infiltration rate showed exponentially decreasing and subsequent stabilizing trend with respect to time after the WPH was increased. However, following a decrease in WPH, the infiltration rate showed an exponential increase followed by stabilization. The final cumulative infiltration volume was maximum under the consecutive incremental WPH scenario (for instance, 0→1→2m);and the consecutive decremental WPH scenario (2→1→0m) resulted in a minimum cumulative infiltration, which was reduced by 3.7% compared with the 0→1→2m treatment. It was feasible to regulate the wetting front advance and the moisture condition within the wetting front by adjusting WPH. The moisture condition around the Moistube was more sensitive in response to the regulation of WPH. The results provided scientific and theoretical basis for dynamically regulating the working pressure head of Moistube. The Moistube irrigation technique could also be integrated with intelligent irrigation by automatically adjusting the WPH, in order to maintain an appropriate water environment within the root zone and to conduct precise irrigation.

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王策,葉津陽,邢棟,許瑞,滕梓靈,陳婧瑩.微潤(rùn)灌多重變水頭下土壤水分動(dòng)態(tài)演變與數(shù)值模擬[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2023,54(11):306-318,368. WANG Ce, YE Jinyang, XING Dong, XU Rui, TENG Ziling, CHEN Jingying. Mechanisms of Soil Water Dynamics in Moistube Irrigation under Regulated Multiple-variable Working Pressure Heads and Corresponding Simulation[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2023,54(11):306-318,,368.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-05-08
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2023-11-10
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