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玉米姿控驅(qū)導(dǎo)式排種器導(dǎo)向投種機構(gòu)設(shè)計與試驗
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國家重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2021YFD2000404,、2021YFD2000405)、國家自然科學(xué)基金項目(31971802)和陜西省重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2023-YBNY-204)


Design and Test of Guiding Seed Throwing Mechanism for Maize Posture Control and Driving Metering Device
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    摘要:

    針對玉米姿控驅(qū)導(dǎo)式排種器在高速工況下投種點位不一致,,播種粒距均勻性不佳的問題,,提出約束種子運動自由度并引導(dǎo)投種方向的方法,設(shè)計了一種新型導(dǎo)向投種機構(gòu),,合理規(guī)劃了待投種子的導(dǎo)種軌跡,,進而確保投種點位及初速度恒定。完成了導(dǎo)向投種機構(gòu)的結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)設(shè)計與待投種子的動力學(xué)分析,,明確了影響排種性能的關(guān)鍵參數(shù)及其取值范圍,,通過單因素與雙因素試驗獲取了排種器的最優(yōu)參數(shù)組合,并進行性能對比驗證試驗,。結(jié)果表明,,約束運移弧面圓心角取35°時,投種點位較為集中,;在作業(yè)速度8km/h,、引導(dǎo)投種弧面半徑24.3mm時,,排種性能達到最優(yōu),粒距合格指數(shù),、重播指數(shù)和變異系數(shù)分別為91.5%,、4.7%和13.6%;當作業(yè)速度由8km/h提升至14km/h時,,較原排種器粒距變異系數(shù)的降幅由0.1個百分點增大至2.7個百分點,,采用導(dǎo)向投種機構(gòu)可有效提升原排種器的高速作業(yè)性能。

    Abstract:

    Aiming at the problem that inconsistent seed throwing points and poor uniformity of seed spacing of posture control and driving precision metering device under high-speed conditions. A method was proposed to constrain the freedom of seed motion and guide the direction of seed throwing, a type guiding seed throwing mechanism was designed. The guiding trajectory of the seeds was reasonably planned to be thrown, thereby ensuring that the seed throwing point and initial velocity were constant. The design of the structural parameters of the guiding seed throwing mechanism and dynamic analysis of the seed to be thrown were completed. The key parameters and their value ranges that affected seeding performance were determined. The optimal parameters combination was obtained by single factor and double factor experiments, and a working performance verification experiment was conducted. The results showed that when the central angle of the constrained migration arc was 35°, the seed throwing points were more concentrated. When the operating speed was 8km/h and the radius of the guiding seed throwing arc was 24.3mm, the seeding performance was at optimal level, the qualified index, multiple index, and coefficient of variation were 91.5%, 4.7%, and 13.6%, respectively. As the operating speed was increased from 8km/h to 14km/h, the decrease of variation coefficient was increased from 0.1 percentage points to 2.7 percentage points compared with that of the original seed metering device. Using the guiding seed throwing mechanism can effectively improve the high-speed seeding performance of the original seed metering device.

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董建鑫,高筱鈞,張仕林,黃玉祥,張崇勤,史江濤.玉米姿控驅(qū)導(dǎo)式排種器導(dǎo)向投種機構(gòu)設(shè)計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2023,54(10):25-34. DONG Jianxin, GAO Xiaojun, ZHANG Shilin, HUANG Yuxiang, ZHANG Chongqin, SHI Jiangtao. Design and Test of Guiding Seed Throwing Mechanism for Maize Posture Control and Driving Metering Device[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2023,54(10):25-34.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-06-11
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2023-07-18
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