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大豆聯(lián)合收獲機(jī)撥禾輪作用機(jī)理分析與參數(shù)優(yōu)化
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國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(32171911),、國(guó)家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2021YFD2000503)和財(cái)政部和農(nóng)村農(nóng)業(yè)部:國(guó)家農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系項(xiàng)目(CARS-04)


Mechanism Analysis and Parameter Optimization of Soybean Combine Harvester Reel
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    摘要:

    為降低大豆聯(lián)合收獲機(jī)割臺(tái)損失率,本文通過(guò)分析收獲過(guò)程得出撥禾輪作用范圍,、莖稈回彈,、撥禾輪高度對(duì)割臺(tái)損失率的影響規(guī)律;以最小割臺(tái)損失率為目標(biāo),,利用ANSYS-ADAMS聯(lián)合仿真探究收獲不同高度大豆的撥禾輪最優(yōu)參數(shù),。使用ANSYS軟件建立大豆植株柔性模型,在ADAMS軟件中建立撥禾輪-大豆莖稈剛?cè)狁詈夏P?,通過(guò)單因素預(yù)試驗(yàn)確定關(guān)鍵參數(shù)的范圍,,以大豆聯(lián)合收獲機(jī)撥禾輪高度、撥禾速比,、撥禾輪前移距離和大豆植株高度為試驗(yàn)因素,,以撥禾輪對(duì)大豆莖稈的碰撞力、撥禾輪作用程度為指標(biāo)開展四因素五水平二次回歸中心組合仿真試驗(yàn),,建立了試驗(yàn)因素與試驗(yàn)指標(biāo)間的數(shù)學(xué)模型,,建立以作用程度最大、撥禾碰撞力最小為目標(biāo)的優(yōu)化方程,,確定大豆聯(lián)合收獲機(jī)撥禾輪最優(yōu)撥禾速比,、最優(yōu)前移距離、最優(yōu)高度與大豆植株高度之間存在線性對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系,,大豆聯(lián)合收獲機(jī)拔禾輪參數(shù)對(duì)碰撞力與作用程度影響主次順序?yàn)椋簱芎趟俦?、撥禾輪高度,、撥禾輪前移距離,。開展以撥禾輪高度、撥禾速比,、撥禾輪前移距離為因素,,以撥禾輪對(duì)大豆莖稈的碰撞力、撥禾輪作用程度為指標(biāo)的仿真試驗(yàn)和以割臺(tái)損失率為指標(biāo)的田間試驗(yàn),模型計(jì)算與仿真的碰撞力偏差平均為1.18N,,撥禾輪作用程度偏差量平均為4.80%,,仿真模型準(zhǔn)確;在理論最優(yōu)撥禾輪參數(shù)組合下,,大豆聯(lián)合收獲機(jī)割臺(tái)損失率最小,,參數(shù)優(yōu)化結(jié)果準(zhǔn)確。本研究可為大豆聯(lián)合收獲機(jī)撥禾輪參數(shù)優(yōu)化和降低割臺(tái)損失提供參考,。

    Abstract:

    At present, there were few studies on the influence of the soybean height on the parameter of reel of soybean combine harvester in China, while the height of soybean plants in different varieties and producing areas varies greatly. In order to change the current situation of soybean combine harvester, due to the lack of theoretical guidance for the parameter adjustment of the reel, the reel parameter is not timely and accurate, resulting in high loss rate of soybean combine harvester harder. ANSYS and ADAMS co-simulation method was used to optimize the parameters of the reel of soybean combine harvester when harvesting soybeans at different heights. The influence rules of the three reel parameters and soybean plant height on the two header loss indexes were analyzed, and the best reel parameter combination at different height was found. The field verification test of the best reel parameter combination of soybean harvester was completed. Based on the analysis of the structure of reel and the principle of reel operation of soybean harvester, the importance of the reel speed ratio, reel height and reel forward displacement to the header loss indexes of soybean combine harvester was obtained. The reel speed ratio, reel height, reel forward displacement and the soybean plant height were used to optimize the four parameters in simulation test. Collision force of reel to soybean stem and effect degree of reel were used to optimize the two indexes of simulation test. The model of test indexes under test factors was established. The objective optimization equations were established. There was linear relationship between optimal parameters of reel of soybean combine harvester and soybean plant height. The order of influence of soybean combine harvester reel parameters on the two indexes was as follows: reel speed ratio, reel height, and reel forward displacement. The simulation test was carried out with the collision force of the reel to the soybean stem and the degree of action of the reel as the index, and the field test with the loss rate of the header as the index in the case of soybean plant height of 751.5mm. The average deviation of the collision force between the model calculation and the simulation was 1.18N and the average deviation of the effect degree of reel was 4.80%, which showed that the simulation model was accurate. The optimal parameters combination of reel was reel speed ratio of 1.66, reel forward displacement of 40mm and reel height of 1052mm. This solution as field experiment factor had the smallest loss rate in the experiment. The research results can provide a basis for the optimization of the allocation reel parameters of soybean combined harvest at different heights and the reduction of cutting loss.

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金誠(chéng)謙,齊彥棟,劉崗微,楊騰祥,倪有亮.大豆聯(lián)合收獲機(jī)撥禾輪作用機(jī)理分析與參數(shù)優(yōu)化[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2023,54(6):104-113. JIN Chengqian, QI Yandong, LIU Gangwei, YANG Tengxiang, NI Youliang. Mechanism Analysis and Parameter Optimization of Soybean Combine Harvester Reel[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2023,54(6):104-113.

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  • 收稿日期:2022-10-09
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2023-01-31
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